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Extracorporeal cytokine adsorption: Significant reduction of catecholamine requirement in patients with AKI and septic shock after cardiac surgery.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Extracorporeal cytokine adsorption is an option in septic shock as an additional measure to treat a pathological immune response. Purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of extracorporeal cytokine adsorption on hemodynamic parameters in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) on continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and septic shock after cardiac surgery.

Methods

In this retrospective study, a total of 98 patients were evaluated. Hemoadsorption was performed by the CytoSorb® adsorber. In all patients cytokine adsorption was applied for at least 15 hours and at least one adsorber was used per patient. To compare cumulative inotrope need in order to maintain a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of ? 65 mmHg, we applied vasoactive score (VAS) for each patient before and after cytokine adsorption. A paired t-test has been performed to determine statistical significance.

Results

Before cytokine adsorption the mean VAS was 56.7 points. This was statistically significant decreased after cytokine adsorption (27.7 points, p< 0.0001). Before cytokine adsorption, the mean noradrenalin dose to reach a MAP of ? 65 mmHg was 0.49 ?g/kg bw/min, the mean adrenalin dose was 0.12 ?g/kg bw/min. After cytokine adsorption, significantly reduced catecholamine doses were necessary to maintain a MAP of ? 65 mmHg (0.24 ?g/kg bw/min noradrenalin; p< 0.0001 and 0.07 ?g/kg bw/min adrenalin; p < 0.0001). Moreover, there was a significant reduction of serum lactate levels after treatment (p< 0.0001). The mean SOFA-score for these patients with septic shock and AKI before cytokine adsorption was 16.7 points, the mean APACHE II-score was 30.2 points. The mean predicted in-hospital mortality rate based on this SOFA-score of 16.7 points was 77,0%, respectively 73,0% on APACHE II-score, while the all-cause in-hospital mortality rate of the patients in this study was 59.2%.

Conclusion

In patients with septic shock and AKI undergoing cardiac surgery, extracorporeal cytokine adsorption could significantly lower the need for postoperative inotropes. Additionally, observed versus SOFA- and APACHE II-score predicted in-hospital mortality rate was decreased.

SUBMITTER: Boss K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7870055 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Extracorporeal cytokine adsorption: Significant reduction of catecholamine requirement in patients with AKI and septic shock after cardiac surgery.

Boss Kristina K Jahn Michael M Wendt Daniel D Haidari Zaki Z Demircioglu Ender E Thielmann Matthias M Ruhparwar Arjang A Kribben Andreas A Tyczynski Bartosz B

PloS one 20210208 2

<h4>Background</h4>Extracorporeal cytokine adsorption is an option in septic shock as an additional measure to treat a pathological immune response. Purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of extracorporeal cytokine adsorption on hemodynamic parameters in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) on continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and septic shock after cardiac surgery.<h4>Methods</h4>In this retrospective study, a total of 98 patients were evaluated. Hemoadsorption was pe ...[more]

PMID: 33556101

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Project description:IntroductionSepsis and septic shock have mortality rates between 20% and 50%. In sepsis, the immune response becomes dysregulated, which leads to an imbalance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators. When standard therapeutic measures fail to improve patients' condition, additional therapeutic alternatives are applied to reduce morbidity and mortality. One of the most recent alternatives is extracorporeal cytokine adsorption with a device called CytoSorb. This study aims to compare the efficacy of standard medical therapy and continuous extracorporeal cytokine removal with CytoSorb therapy in patients with early refractory septic shock. Furthermore, we compare the dosing of CytoSorb adsorber device changed every 12 or 24 hours.Methods and analysisIt is a prospective, randomised, controlled, open-label, international, multicentre, phase III study. Patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria will be randomly assigned to receive standard medical therapy (group A) or-in addition to standard treatment-CytoSorb therapy. CytoSorb treatment will be continuous and last for at least 24 hours, CytoSorb adsorber device will be changed every 12 (group B) or 24 hours (group C). Our primary outcome is shock reversal (no further need or a reduced (≤10% of the maximum dose) vasopressor requirement for 3 hours) and time to shock reversal (number of hours elapsed from the start of the treatment to shock reversal).Based on sample size calculation, 135 patients (1:1:1) will need to be enrolled in the study. A predefined interim analysis will be performed after reaching 50% of the planned sample size, therefore, the corrected level of significance (p value) will be 0.0294.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was obtained from the Scientific and Research Ethics Committee of the Hungarian Medical Research Council (OGYÉI/65049/2020). Results will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberNCT04742764; Pre-results.

Project description:Neutrophil granulocytes are the first defense line in bacterial infections. However, granulocytes are also responsible for severe local tissue impairment. In order to use donor granulocytes, but at the same time to avoid local side effects, we developed an extracorporeal immune support system. This first-in-man study investigated whether an extracorporeal plasma treatment with a granulocyte bioreactor is tolerable in patients with septic shock. A further intention was to find suitable efficacy end-points for subsequent controlled trials.The trial was conducted as a prospective uncontrolled clinical phase I/II study with 28-day follow-up at three university hospital intensive care units. Ten consecutive patients (five men, five women, mean age 60.3 ± 13.9 standard deviation (SD) years) with septic shock with mean ICU entrance scores of Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II of 29.9 ± 7.2 and of Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II of 66.2 ± 19.5 were treated twice within 72 hours for a mean of 342 ± 64 minutes/treatment with an extracorporeal bioreactor containing 1.41 ± 0.43 × 10E10 granulocytes from healthy donors. On average, 9.8 ± 2.3 liters separated plasma were treated by the therapeutic donor cells. Patients were followed up for 28 days.Tolerance and technical safety during treatment, single organ functions pre/post treatment, and hospital survival were monitored. The extracorporeal treatments were well tolerated. During the treatments, the bacterial endotoxin concentration showed significant reduction. Furthermore, noradrenaline dosage could be significantly reduced while mean arterial pressure was stable. Also, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and human leukocyte antigen DR (HLA-DR) showed significant improvement. Four patients died in the hospital on days 6, 9, 18 and 40. Six patients could be discharged.The extracorporeal treatment with donor granulocytes appeared to be well tolerated and showed promising efficacy results, encouraging further studies.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00818597.

Dataset Information

Extracorporeal cytokine adsorption: Significant reduction of catecholamine requirement in patients with AKI and septic shock after cardiac surgery.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Extracorporeal cytokine adsorption: Significant reduction of catecholamine requirement in patients with AKI and septic shock after cardiac surgery.

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