Dataset Information

The complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of Xinjiang arctic grayling Thymallus arcticus grubei.

ABSTRACT: Thymallus arcticus grubei is a specific grayling species that naturally occurs in the Xinjiang Irtysh River basin, China. The complete mitochondrial genome of The Xinjiang arctic grayling T. arcticus grubei was first determined (Accession number LC168675), with a total length of 16,658 nucleotides, of which 15,587 nucleotides are coding DNA, and 1071 nucleotides are non-coding DNA. It has the common feature with those of other grayling with respect to genome structure and gene arrangement. It contained 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer tRNA genes, and 1 control region (D-loop region). The complete mitochondrial genome of Xinjiang arctic grayling T. arcticus grubei provides an important data set for further study on its classification.

SUBMITTER: Liu YG

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7870148 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of Xinjiang arctic grayling Thymallus arcticus grubei.

Liu Yun-Guo YG Li Yao-Yao YY Meng Wei W Liu Ling-Xiao LX

Mitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources 20161003 1

Thymallus arcticus grubei is a specific grayling species that naturally occurs in the Xinjiang Irtysh River basin, China. The complete mitochondrial genome of The Xinjiang arctic grayling T. arcticus grubei was first determined (Accession number LC168675), with a total length of 16,658 nucleotides, of which 15,587 nucleotides are coding DNA, and 1071 nucleotides are non-coding DNA. It has the common feature with those of other grayling with respect to genome structure and gene arra ...[more]

PMID: 33614962

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Project description:BackgroundThe structure and diversity of grayling (Thymallus thymallus) populations have been well studied in most of its native habitat; however the southernmost populations of the Balkan Peninsula remain largely unexplored. The purpose of this study was to assess the genetic diversity of Serbian grayling populations, detect the impact of stocking and provide guidelines for conservation and management.MethodsEighty grayling individuals were collected from four rivers (Ibar, Lim, Drina and Rzav). The mitochondrial DNA control region (CR; 595 bp of the 3'end and 74 bp of flanking tRNA) and the ATP6 gene (630 bp fragment) were sequenced for 20 individuals (five from each locality). In addition, all individuals were genotyped with 12 microsatellite loci. The diversity and structure of the populations as well as the recent and ancient population declines were studied using specialized software.ResultsWe detected three new haplotypes in the mtDNA CR and four haplotypes in the ATP6 gene of which three had not been described before. Previously, one CR haplotype and two ATP6 gene haplotypes had been identified as allochthonous, originating from Slovenia. Reconstruction of phylogenetic relations placed the remaining two CR haplotypes from the River Danube drainage of Serbia into a new clade, which is related to the previously described sister Slovenian clade. These two clades form a new Balkan clade. Microsatellite marker analysis showed that all four populations are genetically distinct from each other without any sign of intra-population structure, although stocking of the most diverse population (Drina River) was confirmed by mtDNA analysis. Recent and historical population declines of Serbian grayling do not differ from those of other European populations.ConclusionsOur study shows that (1) the Ibar, Lim and Drina Rivers grayling populations are genetically distinct from populations outside of Serbia and thus should be managed as native populations in spite of some introgression in the Drina River population and (2) the Rzav River population is not appropriate for further stocking activities since it originates from stocked Slovenian grayling. However, the Rzav River population does not represent an immediate danger to other populations because it is physically isolated from these.

Project description:Arctic grayling (Thymallus arcticus) are salmonids that have a strict freshwater existence in post-glacial North America. Oil and gas development is associated with production of high volumes of hypersaline water. With planned industrial expansion into northern areas of Canada and the USA that directly overlap grayling habitat, the threat of accidental saline water release poses a significant risk. Despite this, we understand little about the responses of grayling to hypersaline waters. We compared the physiological responses and survivability of Arctic grayling and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to tolerate an acute transfer to higher saline waters. Arctic grayling and rainbow trout were placed directly into 17 ppt salinity and sampled at 24 and 96 h along with control animals in freshwater at 24 h. Serum sodium, chloride and osmolality levels increased significantly in grayling at both 24 and 96 h time points, whereas trout were able to compensate for the osmoregulatory disturbance by 96 h. Sodium-potassium ATPase mRNA expression responses to salinity were also compared, demonstrating the inability of the grayling to up-regulate the seawater isoform nkaα1b. Our results demonstrated a substantially lower salinity tolerance in grayling. We also found a significant salinity-induced morphological gill remodelling by Arctic grayling, as demonstrated by the rapid growth of an interlamellar cell mass by 24 h that persisted at 96 h. We visualized and quantified the appearance of the interlamellar cell mass as a response to high salinity, although the functional significance remains to be understood fully. Compared with rainbow trout, which are used as an environmental regulatory species, Arctic grayling are unable to compensate for the osmotic stressors that would result from a highly saline produced water spill. Given these new data, collaboration between fisheries and the oil and gas industry will be vital in the long-term conservation strategies with regard to the Arctic grayling in their native habitat.

Dataset Information

The complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of Xinjiang arctic grayling Thymallus arcticus grubei.

Publications

The complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of Xinjiang arctic grayling <i>Thymallus arcticus grubei</i>.

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