Dataset Information

Deep brain stimulation of the anterior nuclei of the thalamus relieves basal ganglia dysfunction in monkeys with temporal lobe epilepsy.

ABSTRACT:

Aims

Deep brain stimulation of the anterior nuclei of the thalamus (ANT-DBS) is effective in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Previous studies have shown that the basal ganglia are involved in seizure propagation in TLE, but the effects of ANT-DBS on the basal ganglia have not been clarified.

Methods

ANT-DBS was applied to monkeys with kainic acid-induced TLE using a robot-assisted system. Behavior was monitored continuously. Immunofluorescence analysis and Western blotting were used to estimate protein expression levels in the basal ganglia and the effects of ANT stimulation.

Results

The seizure frequency decreased after ANT-DBS. D1 and D2 receptor levels in the putamen and caudate were significantly higher in the ANT-DBS group than in the epilepsy (EP) model. Neuronal loss and apoptosis were less severe in the ANT-DBS group. Glutamate receptor 1 (GluR1) in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell and globus pallidus internus (GPi) increased in the EP group but decreased after ANT-DBS. ?-Aminobutyric acid receptor A (GABA_A -R) decreased and glutamate decarboxylase 67 (GAD67) increased in the GPi of the EP group, whereas the reverse tendencies were observed after ANT-DBS.

Conclusion

ANT-DBS exerts neuroprotective effects on the caudate and putamen, enhances D1 and D2 receptor expression, and downregulates GPi overactivation, which enhanced the antiepileptic function of the basal ganglia.

SUBMITTER: Du T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7871793 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Deep brain stimulation of the anterior nuclei of the thalamus relieves basal ganglia dysfunction in monkeys with temporal lobe epilepsy.

Du Tingting T Chen Yingchuan Y Shi Lin L Liu Defeng D Liu Yuye Y Yuan Tianshuo T Zhang Xin X Zhu Guanyu G Zhang Jianguo J

CNS neuroscience & therapeutics 20201021 3

<h4>Aims</h4>Deep brain stimulation of the anterior nuclei of the thalamus (ANT-DBS) is effective in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Previous studies have shown that the basal ganglia are involved in seizure propagation in TLE, but the effects of ANT-DBS on the basal ganglia have not been clarified.<h4>Methods</h4>ANT-DBS was applied to monkeys with kainic acid-induced TLE using a robot-assisted system. Behavior was monitored continuously. Immunofluorescence analysis and Western blotting were used ...[more]

PMID: 33085171

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Project description:BackgroundEpilepsy is one of the most serious consequences of perinatal stroke. Epilepsy itself has been proposed as a risk factor for impaired cognitive, language, and behavioral functioning. It is still unclear which children develop epilepsy after perinatal stroke. The current study aimed to evaluate the volume of the thalamus and the basal ganglia in children after perinatal stroke in relation to poststroke epilepsy.MethodsThe follow-up study included 29 children with perinatal arterial ischemic stroke (AIS), 33 children with presumed periventricular venous infarction (PVI), and 46 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed in children between the ages of 4 and 18 years, and volumetric analysis by segmentation was used to evaluate the size of the thalamus, caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus, hippocampus, amygdala, and nucleus accumbens.ResultsDuring a median follow-up time of 12.8 years [interquartile range (IQR): 10.8-17.3] in the AIS group and 12.5 years (IQR: 9.3-14.8) in the PVI group (p = 0.32), epilepsy developed in 10 children (34.5%) with AIS and in 4 (12.1%) children with PVI, p = 0.036 [odds ratio (OR) = 3.8, 95%, confidence interval (CI): 1.04-14]. Epilepsy and interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) without clinical seizures were more often expressed in children with AIS (n = 16, 55%) than in children with PVI (n = 7, 21.2%), p = 0.0057 (OR = 3.8 95% CI: 1.04-14). In the AIS group, the ipsilesional and contralesional thalamus, ipsilesional caudate nucleus, and nucleus accumbens were significantly smaller in children with epilepsy compared to children without epilepsy. In the PVI group, the ipsilesional thalamus, caudate nucleus, and nucleus accumbens were smaller in the pooled group of epilepsy plus IED alone compared to children without epilepsy.ConclusionIn children with AIS, epilepsy or IED occurred more often compared to children with PVI. Both patients with AIS and PVI with severe damage to the basal ganglia and the thalamus have a higher risk of developing poststroke epilepsy and should be monitored more closely throughout childhood to initiate timely antiseizure medication and rehabilitation.

Project description:Basal ganglia and the cerebellum are part of a densely interconnected network. While both subcortical structures process information in basically segregated loops that primarily interact in the neocortex, direct subcortical interaction has been recently confirmed by neuroanatomical studies using viral transneuronal tracers in non-human primate brains. The thalamus is thought to be the main relay station of both projection systems. Yet, our understanding of subcortical basal ganglia and cerebellar interconnectivity within the human thalamus is rather sparse, primarily due to limitation in the acquisition of in vivo tracing. Consequently, we strive to characterize projections of both systems and their potential overlap within the human thalamus by diffusion MRI and tractography. Our analysis revealed a decreasing anterior-to-posterior gradient for pallido-thalamic connections in: (1) the ventral-anterior thalamus, (2) the intralaminar nuclei, and (3) midline regions. Conversely, we found a decreasing posterior-to-anterior gradient for dentato-thalamic projections predominantly in: (1) the ventral-lateral and posterior nucleus; (2) dorsal parts of the intralaminar nuclei and the subparafascicular nucleus, and (3) the medioventral and lateral mediodorsal nucleus. A considerable overlap of connectivity pattern was apparent in intralaminar nuclei and midline regions. Notably, pallidal and cerebellar projections were both hemispherically lateralized to the left thalamus. While strikingly consistent with findings from transneuronal studies in non-human primates as well as with pre-existing anatomical studies on developmentally expressed markers or pathological human brains, our assessment provides distinctive connectional fingerprints that illustrate the anatomical substrate of integrated functional networks between basal ganglia and the cerebellum. Thereby, our findings furnish useful implications for cerebellar contributions to the clinical symptomatology of movement disorders.

Dataset Information

Deep brain stimulation of the anterior nuclei of the thalamus relieves basal ganglia dysfunction in monkeys with temporal lobe epilepsy.

Aims

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Deep brain stimulation of the anterior nuclei of the thalamus relieves basal ganglia dysfunction in monkeys with temporal lobe epilepsy.

Similar Datasets

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