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Phosphate-solubilizing Bacteria from Safflower Rhizosphere and their Effect on Seedling Growth.

ABSTRACT: Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) can convert insoluble rhizosphere phosphorus into forms that are absorbable by plants and thus enhance the growth of plants. Safflower is a cash crop that is a source of vegetable oils, food coloring and flavoring agents. This study sought to isolate PSB in safflower rhizosphere soil and investigate their effects on seedling growth. The isolated PSB were identified as belonging to the genera Pseudomonas, Sinorhizobium, Staphylococcus, Acinetobacter and Enterobacter using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Acinetobacter sp RC04. showed the best performance in phosphate solubilization, with the efficiency of the process being influenced by carbon source, nitrogen source, cultivation temperature and initial culture pH. Acinetobacter sp. RC04 and Sinorhizobium sp. RC02 showed the ability to improve safflower seed germination and, when co-inoculated, improved seedling growth. Hence, we suggest that Acinetobacter sp. RC04 and Sinorhizobium sp. RC02 could be developed for field application to promote safflower growth. The results from this study will help drive novel biofertilizer discovery and could be included in integrated nutrient management regimes for safflower and other important economic crops.

SUBMITTER: Zhang T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7874793 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Phosphorus (P) is an essential plant nutrient that can limit plant growth due to low availability in the soil. P-solubilizing bacteria in the roots and rhizosphere increase the P use efficiency of plants. This study addressed the impact of plant species, the level of plant association with bacteria (rhizosphere or root endophyte) and environmental factors (e.g., seasons, soil properties) on the abundance and diversity of P-solubilizing bacteria in short-rotation coppices (SRC) of willows (Salix spp.) for biomass production. Two willow species (S. dasyclados cv. Loden and S. schwerinii × S. viminalis cv. Tora) grown in mono-and mixed culture plots were examined for the abundance and diversity of bacteria in the root endosphere and rhizosphere during two seasons (fall and spring) in central Sweden and northern Germany. Soil properties, such as pH and available P and N, had a significant effect on the structure of the bacterial community. Microbiome analysis and culture-based methods revealed a higher diversity of rhizospheric bacteria than endophytic bacteria. The P-solubilizing bacterial isolates belonged mainly to Proteobacteria (85%), Actinobacteria (6%) and Firmicutes (9%). Pseudomonas was the most frequently isolated cultivable bacterial genus from both the root endosphere and the rhizosphere. The remaining cultivable bacterial isolates belonged to the phyla Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. In conclusion, site-specific soil conditions and the level of plant association with bacteria were the main factors shaping the bacterial communities in the willow SRCs. In particular, the concentration of available P along with the total nitrogen in the soil controlled the total bacterial diversity in willow SRCs. A lower number of endophytic and rhizospheric bacteria was observed in Loden willow species compared to that of Tora and the mix of the two, indicating that mixed growth of Salix species promotes P-solubilizing bacterial diversity and abundance. Therefore, a mixed plant design was presented as a management option to increase the P availability for Salix in SRCs. This design should be tested for further species mixtures.

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Phosphate-solubilizing Bacteria from Safflower Rhizosphere and their Effect on Seedling Growth.

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