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ABSTRACT: Background
Although subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnancy is one of the established risk factors for pre-eclampsia, the link between iodine deficiency, the main cause of hypothyroidism, and pre-eclampsia remains uncertain. We conducted a systematic review to determine the iodine nutrition status of pregnant women with and without pre-eclampsia and the risk of pre-eclampsia due to iodine deficiency.Methods
MEDLINE, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Scopus and Africa-Wide Information were searched up to 30th June 2020. Random-effect model meta-analysis was used to pool mean difference in urinary iodine concentration (UIC) between pre-eclamptic and normotensive controls and pool ORs and incidence rates of pre-eclampsia among women with UIC <150?µg/L.Results
Five eligible studies were included in the meta-analysis. There was a significant difference in the pooled mean UIC of 254 pre-eclamptic women and 210 normotensive controls enrolled in three eligible case-control studies (mean UIC 164.4?µg/L (95%?CI 45.1 to 283.6, p<0.01, I2 >50)). The overall proportions of pre-eclampsia among women with UIC <150?µg/L and UIC >150?µg/L in two cross-sectional studies were 203/214 and 67/247, respectively, with a pooled OR of 0.01 (95% CI 0 to 4.23, p=0.14, I2 >50) for pre-eclampsia among women with UIC >150?µg/L. The overall incidence of pre-eclampsia among women with UIC <150?µg/L and UIC >150?µg/L in two cohort studies was 6/1411 and 3/2478, respectively, with a pooled risk ratio of 2.85 (95% CI 0.42 to 20.05, p=0.09, I2 <25).Conclusion
Although pre-eclamptic women seem to have lower UIC than normotensive pregnant women, the available data are insufficient to provide a conclusive answer on association of iodine deficiency with pre-eclampsia risk.Prospero registration number
CRD42018099427.
SUBMITTER: Businge CB
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7878161 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Feb
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Businge Charles Bitamazire CB Usenbo Anthony A Longo-Mbenza Benjamin B Kengne A P AP
BMJ open 20210210 2
<h4>Background</h4>Although subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnancy is one of the established risk factors for pre-eclampsia, the link between iodine deficiency, the main cause of hypothyroidism, and pre-eclampsia remains uncertain. We conducted a systematic review to determine the iodine nutrition status of pregnant women with and without pre-eclampsia and the risk of pre-eclampsia due to iodine deficiency.<h4>Methods</h4>MEDLINE, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Scopus and Africa-Wide Information were ...[more]