Low blood zinc concentrations in patients with poor clinical outcome during SARS-CoV-2 infection: is there a need to supplement with zinc COVID-19 patients?
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Dubourg G
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7881284 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Similar Datasets
Project description:Abstract Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA loads in patient specimens may act as a clinical outcome predictor in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods We evaluated the predictive value of viral RNA loads and courses in the blood compared with the upper and lower respiratory tract loads of critically ill COVID-19 patients. Daily specimen collection and viral RNA quantification by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction were performed in all consecutive 170 COVID-19 patients between March 2020 and February 2021 during the entire intensive care unit (ICU) stay (4145 samples analyzed). Patients were grouped according to their 90-day outcome as survivors (n=100) or nonsurvivors (n=70). Results In nonsurvivors, blood SARS-CoV-2 RNA loads were significantly higher at the time of admission to the ICU (P=.0009). Failure of blood RNA clearance was observed in 33/50 (66%) of the nonsurvivors compared with 12/64 (19%) survivors (P<.0001). As determined by multivariate analysis, taking sociodemographic and clinical parameters into account, blood SARS-CoV-2 RNA load represents a valid and independent predictor of outcome in critically ill COVID-19 patients (odds ratio [OR; log10], 0.23; 95% CI, 0.12–0.42; P<.0001), with a significantly higher effect for survival compared with respiratory tract SARS-CoV-2 RNA loads (OR [log10], 0.75; 95% CI, 0.66–0.85; P<.0001). Blood RNA loads exceeding 2.51×103 SARS-CoV-2 RNA copies/mL were found to indicate a 50% probability of death. Consistently, 29/33 (88%) nonsurvivors with failure of virus clearance exceeded this cutoff value constantly. Conclusions Blood SARS-CoV-2 load is an important independent outcome predictor and should be further evaluated for treatment allocation and patient monitoring.
| S-EPMC8522363 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiological pathogen of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a highly contagious disease, spreading quickly and threatening global public health. The symptoms of the disease vary from mild reactions to severe respiratory distress or even fatal outcomes probably due to the different status of innate immunity which is the first line to combat the virus. Here in the study, we unveiled the underlying transcriptional patterns of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using SARS-CoV-2 infected patients with different severity and outcome. Through systemic analysis, an anti-microbe peptide, α-defensin-1 (DEFA1) was identified to be elevated in both plasma and PBMCs in COVID19 patients, and the function and mechanism is studied.
2023-06-10 | GSE215262 | GEO
Project description:BackgroundZinc is an essential micronutrient that impacts host-pathogen interplay at infection. Zinc balances immune responses, and also has a proven direct antiviral action against some viruses. Importantly, zinc deficiency (ZD) is a common condition in elderly and individuals with chronic diseases, two groups with an increased risk for severe severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes. We hypothesize that serum zinc content (SZC) influences COVID-19 disease progression, and thus might represent a useful biomarker.MethodsWe ran an observational cohort study with 249 COVID-19 patients admitted in Hospital del Mar. We have studied COVID-19 severity and progression attending to SZC at admission. In parallel, we have studied severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) replication in the Vero E6 cell line modifying zinc concentrations.FindingsOur study demonstrates a correlation between serum zinc levels and COVID-19 outcome. Serum zinc levels lower than 50 µg/dL at admission correlated with worse clinical presentation, longer time to reach stability, and higher mortality. Our in vitro results indicate that low zinc levels favor viral expansion in SARS-CoV-2 infected cells.InterpretationLow SZC is a risk factor that determines COVID-19 outcome. We encourage performing randomized clinical trials to study zinc supplementation as potential prophylaxis and treatment with people at risk of zinc deficiency.
| S-EPMC7914437 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-BSST379 | biostudies-other
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC7307054 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundConcerns have emerged about the higher risk of fatal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in cancer patients. In this article, we review the experience of a comprehensive cancer center.MethodsA prospective registry was set up at Institut Curie at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. All cancer patients with suspected or proven COVID-19 were entered and actively followed for 28 days.ResultsAmong 9842 patients treated at Institut Curie between March 13 and May 1, 2020, 141 (1.4%) were diagnosed with COVID-19, based on reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction testing and/or computerized tomography scan. In line with our case mix, breast cancer (40.4%) was the most common tumor type, followed by hematological and lung malignancies. Patients with active cancer therapy or/and advanced cancer accounted for 87.9% and 68.9% of patients, respectively. At diagnosis, 78.7% of patients had COVID-19-related symptoms, with an extent of lung parenchyma involvement inferior to 50% in 95.8% of patients. Blood count variations and C-reactive protein elevation were the most common laboratory abnormalities. Antibiotics and antiviral agents were administered in 48.2% and 6.4% of patients, respectively. At the time of analysis, 26 patients (18.4%) have died from COVID-19, and 100 (70.9%) were cured. Independent prognostic factors at the time of COVID-19 diagnosis associated with death or intensive care unit admission were extent of COVID-19 pneumonia and decreased O2 saturation.ConclusionsCOVID-19 incidence and presentation in cancer patients appear to be very similar to those in the general population. The outcome of COVID-19 is primarily driven by the initial severity of infection rather than patient or cancer characteristics.
| S-EPMC7665636 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Zinc is an essential element for human health. Among its many functions, zinc(II) modulates the immune response to infections and, at high concentrations or in the presence of ionophores, inhibits the replication of various RNA viruses. Structural biology studies on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) revealed that zinc(II) is the most common metal ion that binds to viral proteins. However, the number of zinc(II)-binding sites identified by experimental methods is far from exhaustive, as metal ions may be lost during protein purification protocols. To better define the zinc(II)-binding proteome of coronavirus, we leveraged the wealth of deposited structural data and state-of-the-art bioinformatics methods. Through this in silico approach, 15 experimental zinc(II) sites were identified and a further 22 were predicted in Spike, open reading frame (ORF)3a/d, ORF8, and several nonstructural proteins, highlighting an essential role of zinc(II) in viral replication. Furthermore, the structural relationships between viral and eukaryotic sites (typically zinc fingers) indicate that SARS-CoV-2 can compete with human proteins for zinc(II) binding. Given the double-edged effect of zinc(II) ions, both essential and toxic to coronavirus, only the complete elucidation of the structural and regulatory zinc(II)-binding sites can guide selective antiviral strategies based on zinc supplementation.
| S-EPMC9314716 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe new coronavirus 19 disease (COVID-19) represents the current worldwide emergency. According to past evidence, a simple biomarker, such as low free triiodothyronine (fT3) levels, within the framework of euthyroid sick syndrome (ESS), might help to identify patients with unfavourable outcomes.ObjectiveEvaluation of ESS significance in hospitalized mild COVID-19 patients.DesignProspective study, from 1 April 2020 to 31 May 2021.ParticipantsCOVID-19 patients with mild disease at hospital admission.Main measuresAt hospital admission, eligible patients underwent a complete thyroid function evaluation. Subjects with previous thyroid disease or with thyroid-interfering medications were excluded. Levels of fT3 were correlated to biochemical markers and to patient outcome, the latter considered as favourable in the event of infection recovery and unfavourable in the event of death or transfer to an intensive care unit (ICU).Key resultsOf 600 screened patients, 506 were eligible for this study. Of those, 94 (19%) died during hospitalization and 80 (18%) required a transfer to ICU. The most frequent thyroid disorder was ESS (57%). Admission levels of fT3 were significantly lower within the unfavourable outcome subgroup (p < 0.001) and were negatively associated with several poor prognostic markers, including IL-6 (p < 0.001). In Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses, fT3 was independently associated with poor outcome and death (p = 0.005 and p = 0.037, respectively). A critical fT3 threshold for levels < 2.7 pmol/l (sensitivity 69%, specificity 61%) was associated with a 3.5-fold increased risk of negative outcome (95%CI 2.34-5.34).ConclusionLow fT3 levels, in the framework of ESS, resulted as being a valid predictor of unfavourable outcomes in a very early stage population of COVID-19.
| S-EPMC8632565 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of peripheral blood from 164 SARS-CoV-2 positive, 296 SARS-CoV-2 negative, and 65 other respiratory infection patient samples. Samples were profiled on a custom Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation BeadChip array including all MethylationEPIC-B4 probes and additional custom content targeting immune genes. SARS-CoV-2 positivity is defined by a positive RT-PCR test. "Other infection" samples are SARS-CoV-2 negative and were tested with a panel of common human acute respiratory infection pathogens.
2021-09-20 | GSE167202 | GEO
Project description:HighlightsInnate immune activation during Covid-19 infection is associated with pernicious clinical outcome.BackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is a worldwide threat that has already caused more than 3 000 000 deaths. It is characterized by different patterns of disease evolution depending on host factors among which old-age and pre-existing comorbidities play a detrimental role. Previous coronavirus epidemics, notably SARS-CoV, were associated with increased serum neopterin levels, which can be interpreted as a sign of acute innate immunity in response to viral infection. Here we hypothesize that neopterin may serve as a biomarker of SARS-CoV-2 viral infection and Covid-19 disease severity.MethodsWe measured neopterin blood levels by ELISA. Seric concentration was quantified from 256 healthy donors and 374 Covid-19 patients at hospital admission. Enrolled Covid-19 patients were all symptomatic and displayed a large spectrum of comorbidities. Patients were followed until disease resolution or death.ResultsSevere and critically ill SARS-CoV-2 infected patients were characterized by a profound exacerbation of immune activation characterized by elevated neopterin blood levels. Systemic neopterin levels above 19nM stratified healthy individuals from Covid-19 patients with 87% specificity and 100% sensitivity. Moreover, systemic neopterin levels above 53nM differentiated non-survivors from survivors with 64% specificity and 100% sensitivity.ConclusionWe propose that neopterin concentration measured at arrival to hospital is a hallmark of severe Covid-19 and identifies a high-risk population of pernicious clinical outcome with a need for special medical care.
| S-EPMC8419218 | biostudies-literature