Dataset Information

Chemistry of Atmospheric Fine Particles During the COVID-19 Pandemic in a Megacity of Eastern China.

ABSTRACT: Air pollution in megacities represents one of the greatest environmental challenges. Our observed results show that the dramatic NO_x decrease (77%) led to significant O₃ increases (a factor of 2) during the COVID-19 lockdown in megacity Hangzhou, China. Model simulations further demonstrate large increases of daytime OH and HO₂ radicals and nighttime NO₃ radical, which can promote the gas-phase reaction and nocturnal multiphase chemistry. Therefore, enhanced NO₃ ^- and SO₄ ^2- formation was observed during the COVID-19 lockdown because of the enhanced oxidizing capacity. The PM_2.5 decrease was only partially offset by enhanced aerosol formation with its reduction reaching 50%. In particular, NO₃ ^- decreased largely by 68%. PM_2.5 chemical analysis reveals that vehicular emissions mainly contributed to PM_2.5 under normal conditions in Hangzhou. Whereas, stationary sources dominated the residual PM_2.5 during the COVID-19 lockdown. This study provides evidence that large reductions in vehicular emissions can effectively mitigate air pollution in megacities.

SUBMITTER: Liu L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7883225 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Chemistry of Atmospheric Fine Particles During the COVID-19 Pandemic in a Megacity of Eastern China.

Liu Lei L Zhang Jian J Du Rongguang R Teng Xiaomi X Hu Rui R Yuan Qi Q Tang Shanshan S Ren Chuanhua C Huang Xin X Xu Liang L Zhang Yinxiao Y Zhang Xiaoye X Song Congbo C Liu Bowen B Lu Gongda G Shi Zongbo Z Li Weijun W

Geophysical research letters 20210118 2

Air pollution in megacities represents one of the greatest environmental challenges. Our observed results show that the dramatic NOx decrease (77%) led to significant O3 increases (a factor of 2) during the COVID-19 lockdown in megacity Hangzhou, China. Model simulations further demonstrate large increases of daytime OH and HO2 radicals and nighttime NO3 radical, which can promote the gas-phase reaction and nocturnal multiphase chemistry. Therefore, en ...[more]

PMID: 33612876

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Project description:Faced with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the development of COVID-19 vaccines has been progressing at an unprecedented rate. This study aimed to evaluate the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination in China and give suggestions for vaccination strategies and immunization programs accordingly. In March 2020, an anonymous cross-sectional survey was conducted online among Chinese adults. The questionnaire collected socio-demographic characteristics, risk perception, the impact of COVID-19, attitudes, acceptance and attribute preferences of vaccines against COVID-19 during the pandemic. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify the influencing factors of vaccination acceptance. Of the 2058 participants surveyed, 1879 (91.3%) stated that they would accept COVID-19 vaccination after the vaccine becomes available, among whom 980 (52.2%) wanted to get vaccinated as soon as possible, while others (47.8%) would delay the vaccination until the vaccine's safety was confirmed. Participants preferred a routine immunization schedule (49.4%) to emergency vaccination (9.0%) or either of them (41.6%). Logistic regression showed that being male, being married, perceiving a high risk of infection, being vaccinated against influenza in the past season, believing in the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination or valuing doctor's recommendations could increase the probability of accepting COVID-19 vaccination as soon as possible, while having confirmed or suspected cases in local areas, valuing vaccination convenience or vaccine price in decision-making could hinder participants from immediate vaccination. During the pandemic period, a strong demand for and high acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination has been shown among the Chinese population, while concerns about vaccine safety may hinder the promotion of vaccine uptake. To expand vaccination coverage, immunization programs should be designed to remove barriers in terms of vaccine price and vaccination convenience, and health education and communication from authoritative sources are important ways to alleviate public concerns about vaccine safety.

Dataset Information

Chemistry of Atmospheric Fine Particles During the COVID-19 Pandemic in a Megacity of Eastern China.

Publications

Chemistry of Atmospheric Fine Particles During the COVID-19 Pandemic in a Megacity of Eastern China.

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