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Demographic and behavioural drivers of intra-urban mobility of migrant street children and youth in Kampala, Uganda.

ABSTRACT: While research on the nexus of migration and wellbeing of individuals has gained recognition in recent years, far less attention has been devoted to intra-urban mobility especially among the urban poor young populations. We assess the drivers of intra-urban mobility using a random sample of 412 migrant street children and youth in Kampala city, Uganda. This paper draws from a larger cross-sectional survey of circular migration and sexual and reproductive health choices among street children in Kampala, Uganda. We define 'migrants' as street children and youth with a rural-urban migration experience and 'intra-urban mobility' as the number of places stayed in or moved since migrating to the city, measured on a continuous scale. More than half (54.37%) of the migrant street children and youth had lived in two or more places since migrating to the city. Multivariate negative binomial regression analysis reveals migrant street children and youth's intra-urban mobility to be associated with gender (aIRR = 0.71, 95%CI 0.53-0.96), sex work (aIRR = 1.38, 95%CI 1.01-1.88), a daily income of one USD or more (aIRR = 1.57, 95%CI 1.16-2.13) and duration of stay in the city (aIRR = 1.54, 95%CI 1.17-2.01). Other drivers of intra-urban mobility included availability of causal work, personal safety and affordability of rental costs. Our findings suggest the need for urban housing and health policies to take into account street children and youth's intra-urban mobility and its drivers. Future research on all drivers of street children and youth's intra-urban mobility and its linkage with their health outcomes is recommended.

SUBMITTER: Bwambale MF

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7891785 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Demographic and behavioural drivers of intra-urban mobility of migrant street children and youth in Kampala, Uganda.

Bwambale Mulekya Francis MF Bukuluki Paul P Moyer Cheryl A CA Borne Bart H W van den BHWVD

PloS one 20210218 2

While research on the nexus of migration and wellbeing of individuals has gained recognition in recent years, far less attention has been devoted to intra-urban mobility especially among the urban poor young populations. We assess the drivers of intra-urban mobility using a random sample of 412 migrant street children and youth in Kampala city, Uganda. This paper draws from a larger cross-sectional survey of circular migration and sexual and reproductive health choices among street children in K ...[more]

PMID: 33600461

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Project description:BackgroundWhile the nexus of migration and health outcomes is well acknowledged, the effect of rural-urban migration on the use of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services has received less attention. We assessed the effect of rural-urban migration on the use of SRH services, while controlling for confounding, and whether there is a difference in the use of SRH services among migrant and non-migrant street children and young adults.MethodsData were collected from 513 street children and young adults aged 12-24?years, using venue-based time-space sampling (VBTS). We performed multivariate logistic regression analysis using Stata 16.0 to identify factors associated with SRH services use, with rural-urban migration status as the main predictor. Participants were further classified as new migrants (? 2?years of stay in city), established migrants (>?2?years of stay in city) or non-migrants (lifelong native street children) with no rural-urban migration history.ResultsOverall, 18.13% of the street children and young adults had used contraception/family planning, 58.67% had tested for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and knew their status and 34.70% had been screened for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Non-migrants were 2.70 times more likely to use SRH services (HIV testing, STI screening and family planning) compared to the migrants (aOR?=?2.70, 95% CI 1.23-5.97). Other factors associated with SRH services use among street children and young adults include age (aOR?=?4.70, 95% CI 2.87-7.68), schooling status (aOR?=?0.33, 95% CI 0.15-0.76), knowledge of place of care (aOR?=?2.71, 95% CI 1.64-4.46) and access to SRH information (aOR?=?3.23, 95% CI 2.00-5.24).ConclusionsSRH services utilisation among migrant street children and young adults is low compared to their non-migrant counterparts and is independently associated with migration status, age, schooling status, knowledge of place of care and access to SRH information. Our findings call for the need to design and implement multi-dimensional interventions to increase the use of SRH services among street children and young adults, while taking into consideration their migration patterns.

Project description:BACKGROUND:The current international physical activity guidelines for health recommend children to engage in at least 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) daily. Yet, accurate prevalence estimates of physical activity levels of children are unavailable in many African countries due to the dearth of accelerometer-measured physical activity data. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence and examine the socio-demographic correlates of accelerometer-measured physical activity among school-going children in Kampala city, Uganda. METHODS:A cross-sectional study design was used to recruit a sample of 10-12 years old school-going children (n = 256) from 7 primary schools (3 public schools and 4 private schools) in Kampala city, Uganda. Sedentary time, light-intensity physical activity (LPA), moderate-intensity physical activity (MPA) and vigorous-intensity physical activity (VPA) were measured by accelerometers (ActiGraph GT3X+ [Pensacola, Florida, USA]) over a seven-day period. Socio-demographic factors were assessed by a parent/guardian questionnaire. Weight status was generated from objectively measured height and weight and computed as body mass index (BMI). Multi-level logistic regressions identified socio-demographic factors that were associated with meeting physical activity guidelines. RESULTS:Children's sedentary time was 9.8±2.1 hours/day and MVPA was 56±25.7 minutes/day. Only 36.3% of the children (38.9% boys, 34.3% girls) met the physical activity guidelines. Boys, thin/normal weight and public school children had significantly higher mean daily MVPA levels. Socio-demographic factors associated with odds of meeting physical activity guidelines were younger age (OR = 0.68; 95% CI = 0.55-0.84), thin/normal weight status (OR = 4.08; 95% CI = 1.42-11.76), and socioeconomic status (SES) indicators such as lower maternal level of education (OR = 2.43; 95% CI = 1.84-3.21) and no family car (OR = 0.31; 95% CI = 0.17-0.55). CONCLUSION:Children spent a substantial amount of time sedentary and in LPA and less time in MVPA. Few children met the physical activity guidelines. Lower weight status, lower maternal education level and no family car were associated with meeting physical activity guidelines. Effective interventions and policies to increase physical activity among school-going children in Kampala, are urgently needed.

Dataset Information

Demographic and behavioural drivers of intra-urban mobility of migrant street children and youth in Kampala, Uganda.

Publications

Demographic and behavioural drivers of intra-urban mobility of migrant street children and youth in Kampala, Uganda.

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