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Multi-omics analyses of radiation survivors identify radioprotective microbes and metabolites.

ABSTRACT: Ionizing radiation causes acute radiation syndrome, which leads to hematopoietic, gastrointestinal, and cerebrovascular injuries. We investigated a population of mice that recovered from high-dose radiation to live normal life spans. These "elite-survivors" harbored distinct gut microbiota that developed after radiation and protected against radiation-induced damage and death in both germ-free and conventionally housed recipients. Elevated abundances of members of the bacterial taxa Lachnospiraceae and Enterococcaceae were associated with postradiation restoration of hematopoiesis and gastrointestinal repair. These bacteria were also found to be more abundant in leukemia patients undergoing radiotherapy, who also displayed milder gastrointestinal dysfunction. In our study in mice, metabolomics revealed increased fecal concentrations of microbially derived propionate and tryptophan metabolites in elite-survivors. The administration of these metabolites caused long-term radioprotection, mitigation of hematopoietic and gastrointestinal syndromes, and a reduction in proinflammatory responses.

SUBMITTER: Guo H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7898465 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Multi-omics analyses of radiation survivors identify radioprotective microbes and metabolites.

Guo Hao H Chou Wei-Chun WC Lai Yunjia Y Liang Kaixin K Tam Jason W JW Brickey W June WJ Chen Liang L Montgomery Nathan D ND Li Xin X Bohannon Lauren M LM Sung Anthony D AD Chao Nelson J NJ Peled Jonathan U JU Gomes Antonio L C ALC van den Brink Marcel R M MRM French Matthew J MJ Macintyre Andrew N AN Sempowski Gregory D GD Tan Xianming X Sartor R Balfour RB Lu Kun K Ting Jenny P Y JPY

Science (New York, N.Y.) 20201001 6516

Ionizing radiation causes acute radiation syndrome, which leads to hematopoietic, gastrointestinal, and cerebrovascular injuries. We investigated a population of mice that recovered from high-dose radiation to live normal life spans. These "elite-survivors" harbored distinct gut microbiota that developed after radiation and protected against radiation-induced damage and death in both germ-free and conventionally housed recipients. Elevated abundances of members of the bacterial taxa <i>Lachnospi ...[more]

PMID: 33122357

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Multi-omics analyses of radiation survivors identify radioprotective microbes and metabolites.

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Multi-omics analyses of radiation survivors identify radioprotective microbes and metabolites.

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