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ABSTRACT: Purpose
Low-grade inflammation and a diet high in salt are both established risk factors for cardiovascular disease. High potassium (K+) intake was found to counter increase in blood pressure due to high salt intake and may potentially also have protective anti-inflammatory effects. To better understand these interactions under normal physiological conditions, we investigated the relationships between 22 inflammatory mediators with 24-h urinary K+ in young healthy adults stratified by low, medium and high salt intake (salt tertiles). We stratified by ethnicity due to potential salt sensitivity in black populations.Methods
In 991 healthy black (N?=?457) and white (N?=?534) adults, aged 20-30 years, with complete data for 24-h urinary sodium and K+, we analysed blood samples for 22 inflammatory mediators.Results
We found no differences in inflammatory mediators between low-, mid- and high-sodium tertiles in either the black or white groups. In multivariable-adjusted regression analyses in white adults, we found only in the lowest salt tertile that K+ associated negatively with pro-inflammatory mediators, namely interferon gamma, interleukin (IL) -7, IL-12, IL-17A, IL-23 and tumour necrosis factor alpha (all p???0.046). In the black population, we found no independent associations between K+ and any inflammatory mediator.Conclusion
In healthy white adults, 24-h urinary K+ associated independently and negatively with specific pro-inflammatory mediators, but only in those with a daily salt intake less than 6.31 g, suggesting K+ to play a protective, anti-inflammatory role in a low-sodium environment. No similar associations were found in young healthy black adults.
SUBMITTER: Crouch SH
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7900065 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Mar
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Crouch Simone H SH Botha-Le Roux Shani S Delles Christian C Graham Lesley A LA Schutte Aletta E AE
European journal of nutrition 20200603 2
<h4>Purpose</h4>Low-grade inflammation and a diet high in salt are both established risk factors for cardiovascular disease. High potassium (K<sup>+</sup>) intake was found to counter increase in blood pressure due to high salt intake and may potentially also have protective anti-inflammatory effects. To better understand these interactions under normal physiological conditions, we investigated the relationships between 22 inflammatory mediators with 24-h urinary K<sup>+</sup> in young healthy a ...[more]