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Impairment of novelty-related theta oscillations and P3a in never medicated first-episode psychosis patients.

ABSTRACT: We explored the neurophysiological activity underlying auditory novelty detection in antipsychotic-naive patients with a first episode of psychosis (FEP). Fifteen patients with a non-affective FEP and 13 healthy controls underwent an active involuntary attention task along with an EEG acquisition. Time-frequency representations of power, phase locking, and fronto-parietal connectivity were calculated. The P3a event-related potential was extracted as well. Compared to controls, the FEP group showed reduced theta phase-locking and fronto-parietal connectivity evoked by deviant stimuli. Also, the P3a amplitude was significantly reduced. Moreover, reduced theta connectivity was associated with more severe negative symptoms within the FEP group. Reduced activity (phase-locking and connectivity) of novelty-related theta oscillations, along with P3a reduction, may represent a failure to synchronize large-scale neural populations closely related to fronto-parietal attentional networks, and might be explored as a potential biomarker of disease severity in patients with emerging psychosis, given its association with negative symptoms.

SUBMITTER: Solis-Vivanco R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7910533 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Impairment of novelty-related theta oscillations and P3a in never medicated first-episode psychosis patients.

Solís-Vivanco Rodolfo R Mondragón-Maya Alejandra A Reyes-Madrigal Francisco F de la Fuente-Sandoval Camilo C

NPJ schizophrenia 20210226 1

We explored the neurophysiological activity underlying auditory novelty detection in antipsychotic-naive patients with a first episode of psychosis (FEP). Fifteen patients with a non-affective FEP and 13 healthy controls underwent an active involuntary attention task along with an EEG acquisition. Time-frequency representations of power, phase locking, and fronto-parietal connectivity were calculated. The P3a event-related potential was extracted as well. Compared to controls, the FEP group show ...[more]

PMID: 33637757

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Project description:IntroductionThe MATRICS consensus cognitive battery (MCCB) is the gold standard for neuropsychological assessment in psychotic disorders but is rarely used in low resource settings. This study used the MCCB to determine the prevalence, profile and associations of various exposures with cognitive impairment in Ugandan first-episode psychosis patients.MethodsPatients and matched healthy controls were recruited at Butabika Hospital in Uganda. Clinical variables were first collated, and after the resolution of psychotic symptoms, a neuropsychological assessment of seven cognitive domains was performed using the MCCB. Cognitive impairment was defined as two standard deviations (SD) below the mean in one domain or 1SD below the mean in two domains. Descriptive statistics determined the prevalence and profile of impairment while regression models determined the association between various exposures with cognitive scores while controlling for age, sex and education.ResultsNeuropsychological assessment with the MCCB found the burden of cognitive impairment in first-episode psychosis patients five times that of healthy controls. The visual learning and memory domain was most impaired in first-episode psychosis patients, while it was the working memory domain for the healthy controls. Increased age was associated with impairment in the domains of the speed of processing (p < 0.001) and visual learning and memory (p = 0.001). Cassava-rich diets and previous alternative and complementary therapy use were negatively associated with impairment in the visual learning (p = 0.04) and attention/vigilance domains (p = 0.012), respectively. There were no significant associations between sex, history of childhood trauma, or illness severity with any cognitive domain.ConclusionA significant burden of cognitive impairment in Ugandan first-episode psychosis patients is consistent with prior data from other contexts. However, the profile of and risk factors for impairment differ from that described in such work. Therefore, interventions to reduce cognitive impairment in FEP patients specific to this setting, including dietary modifications, are required.

Project description:BackgroundThough olfactory deficits are well-documented in schizophrenia, fewer studies have examined olfactory performance profiles across the psychosis spectrum. The current study examined odor identification, discrimination, and detection threshold performance in first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder with psychotic features, major depression with psychotic features, and other psychotic conditions.MethodFEP patients (n = 97) and healthy adults (n = 98) completed birhinal assessments of odor identification, discrimination, and detection threshold sensitivity for lyral and citralva. Participants also completed measures of anticipatory pleasure, anhedonia, and empathy. Differences in olfactory performances were assessed between FEP patients and controls and within FEP subgroups. Sex-stratified post hoc analyses were employed for a complete analysis of sex differences. Relationships between self-report measures and olfactory scores were also examined.ResultsIndividuals with psychosis had poorer scores across all olfactory measures when compared to the control group. Within the psychosis cohort, patients with schizophrenia-associated psychosis had poorer odor identification, discrimination, and citralva detection threshold scores relative to controls. In schizophrenia patients, greater olfactory disturbance was associated with increased negative symptomatology, greater self-reported anhedonia, and lower self-reported anticipatory pleasure. Patients with mood-associated psychosis performed comparable to controls though men and women in this cohort showed differential olfactory profiles.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that olfactory deficits extend beyond measures of odor identification in FEP with greater deficits observed in schizophrenia-related subgroups of psychosis. Studies examining whether greater olfactory dysfunction confers greater risk for developing schizophrenia relative to other forms of psychosis are warranted.

Dataset Information

Impairment of novelty-related theta oscillations and P3a in never medicated first-episode psychosis patients.

Publications

Impairment of novelty-related theta oscillations and P3a in never medicated first-episode psychosis patients.

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