Dataset Information

Neural Oscillatory Abnormalities During Gaze Processing in Schizophrenia: Evidence of Reduced Theta Phase Consistency and Inter-areal Theta-Gamma Coupling.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Abnormal gaze discrimination in schizophrenia (SZ) is associated with impairment in social functioning, but the neural mechanisms remain unclear. Evidence suggests that local neural oscillations and inter-areal communication through neural synchronization are critical physiological mechanisms supporting basic and complex cognitive processes. The roles of these mechanisms in abnormal gaze processing in SZ have not been investigated. The present study examined local neural oscillations and connectivity between anterior and bilateral posterior brain areas during gaze processing.

Methods

During electroencephalography recording, 28 participants with SZ and 34 healthy control participants completed a gaze discrimination task. Time-frequency decomposition of electroencephalography data was used to examine neural oscillatory power and intertrial phase consistency at bilateral posterior and midline anterior scalp sites. In addition, connectivity between these anterior and posterior sites, in terms of cross-frequency coupling between theta phase and gamma amplitude, was examined using the Kullback-Leibler Modulation Index.

Results

Participants with SZ showed reduced total power of theta-band activity relative to healthy control participants at all sites examined. This group difference could be accounted for by reduced intertrial phase consistency of theta activity in SZ participants, which was related to reduced gaze discrimination accuracy in SZ. In addition, SZ participants exhibited reduced Kullback-Leibler indexing, both feedforward and feedback connectivity, between the posterior and anterior sites.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that abnormal theta phase consistency and dysconnection between posterior face processing and anterior areas may underlie gaze processing deficits in SZ.

SUBMITTER: Grove TB

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7917157 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Neural Oscillatory Abnormalities During Gaze Processing in Schizophrenia: Evidence of Reduced Theta Phase Consistency and Inter-areal Theta-Gamma Coupling.

Grove Tyler B TB Lasagna Carly A CA Martínez-Cancino Ramón R Pamidighantam Preetha P Deldin Patricia J PJ Tso Ivy F IF

Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging 20200901 3

<h4>Background</h4>Abnormal gaze discrimination in schizophrenia (SZ) is associated with impairment in social functioning, but the neural mechanisms remain unclear. Evidence suggests that local neural oscillations and inter-areal communication through neural synchronization are critical physiological mechanisms supporting basic and complex cognitive processes. The roles of these mechanisms in abnormal gaze processing in SZ have not been investigated. The present study examined local neural oscil ...[more]

PMID: 33160880

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundHow oscillatory brain rhythms alone, or in combination, influence cortical information processing to support learning has yet to be fully established. Local field potential and multi-unit neuronal activity recordings were made from 64-electrode arrays in the inferotemporal cortex of conscious sheep during and after visual discrimination learning of face or object pairs. A neural network model has been developed to simulate and aid functional interpretation of learning-evoked changes.ResultsFollowing learning the amplitude of theta (4-8 Hz), but not gamma (30-70 Hz) oscillations was increased, as was the ratio of theta to gamma. Over 75% of electrodes showed significant coupling between theta phase and gamma amplitude (theta-nested gamma). The strength of this coupling was also increased following learning and this was not simply a consequence of increased theta amplitude. Actual discrimination performance was significantly correlated with theta and theta-gamma coupling changes. Neuronal activity was phase-locked with theta but learning had no effect on firing rates or the magnitude or latencies of visual evoked potentials during stimuli. The neural network model developed showed that a combination of fast and slow inhibitory interneurons could generate theta-nested gamma. By increasing N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor sensitivity in the model similar changes were produced as in inferotemporal cortex after learning. The model showed that these changes could potentiate the firing of downstream neurons by a temporal desynchronization of excitatory neuron output without increasing the firing frequencies of the latter. This desynchronization effect was confirmed in IT neuronal activity following learning and its magnitude was correlated with discrimination performance.ConclusionsFace discrimination learning produces significant increases in both theta amplitude and the strength of theta-gamma coupling in the inferotemporal cortex which are correlated with behavioral performance. A network model which can reproduce these changes suggests that a key function of such learning-evoked alterations in theta and theta-nested gamma activity may be increased temporal desynchronization in neuronal firing leading to optimal timing of inputs to downstream neural networks potentiating their responses. In this way learning can produce potentiation in neural networks simply through altering the temporal pattern of their inputs.

Dataset Information

Neural Oscillatory Abnormalities During Gaze Processing in Schizophrenia: Evidence of Reduced Theta Phase Consistency and Inter-areal Theta-Gamma Coupling.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Neural Oscillatory Abnormalities During Gaze Processing in Schizophrenia: Evidence of Reduced Theta Phase Consistency and Inter-areal Theta-Gamma Coupling.

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