Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

22 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Effect of Side Chain Substituent Volume on Thermoelectric Properties of IDT-Based Conjugated Polymers.

ABSTRACT: A p-type thermoelectric conjugated polymer based on indacenodithiophene and benzothiadiazole is designed and synthesized by replacing normal aliphatic side chains (P1) with conjugated aromatic benzene substituents (P2). The introduced bulky substituent on P2 is detrimental to form the intensified packing of polymers, therefore, it hinders the efficient transporting of the charge carriers, eventually resulting in a lower conductivity compared to that of the polymers bearing aliphatic side chains (P1). These results reveal that the modification of side chains on conjugated polymers is crucial to rationally designed thermoelectric polymers with high performance.

SUBMITTER: Xie DX

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7918053 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Publications

Effect of Side Chain Substituent Volume on Thermoelectric Properties of IDT-Based Conjugated Polymers.

Xie De-Xun DX Liu Tong-Chao TC Xiao Jing J Fang Jing-Kun JK Pan Cheng-Jun CJ Shao Guang G

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 20210211 4

A p-type thermoelectric conjugated polymer based on indacenodithiophene and benzothiadiazole is designed and synthesized by replacing normal aliphatic side chains (P1) with conjugated aromatic benzene substituents (P2). The introduced bulky substituent on P2 is detrimental to form the intensified packing of polymers, therefore, it hinders the efficient transporting of the charge carriers, eventually resulting in a lower conductivity compared to that of the polymers bearing a ...[more]

PMID: 33670379

Similar Datasets

Investigation of Substituent Effect in Modified Nature-Sourced Polymers: Rational Side Chain Engineering to Control Yield, Design, and Properties.

Project description:"Side chain engineering" research has yielded many promising and beneficial results, with applications in various fields. However, this research did not receive sufficient focus when nature-sourced polymers are concerned. In this study, we have performed side chain engineering on chitosan, a nature-sourced polysaccharide, by coupling it with a number of aliphatic aldehydes of varying chain lengths. The side chains' length and the pursuing effect on the modified products' properties were studied in great detail. In terms of coupling yields, it was found that some substituents have displayed more favorable results than others by a factor of over 35 times. When studying the modified polymers' physical and mechanical properties, some of them were found to exhibit more rigid mechanical properties by a factor of 3.5 times than others. The effect was also expressed through self-assembly concentrations and encapsulation capabilities of the modified polymers. Remarkably, the combined experimental and calculated kinetic studies showed the results do not necessarily follow a linear progression relating to substituent chain length, but rather a parabolic pattern with a specific extremum point. This study has assisted in shedding light on the inspected phenomenon, explaining that not only steric and electronic factors but also interfacial solubility related factors govern the coupling reaction and the resulting modified polymers' properties. As chemical protocols in various academic, clinical, and industrial studies around the world slowly shift their norms toward finding safer ways for the production of novel materials and technologies, nature-sourced polymers hold great promise as virtually inexhaustible raw materials. The perfection of their chemical modification is therefore relevant now more than ever, with far-reaching and diverse applicative prospects.

| S-EPMC6644356 | biostudies-literature

Backbone Effects on the Thermoelectric Properties of Ultra-Small Bandgap Conjugated Polymers.

Project description:Conjugated polymers with narrower bandgaps usually induce higher carrier mobility, which is vital for the improved thermoelectric performance of polymeric materials. Herein, two indacenodithiophene (IDT) based donor-acceptor (D-A) conjugated polymers (PIDT-BBT and PIDTT-BBT) were designed and synthesized, both of which exhibited low-bandgaps. PIDTT-BBT showed a more planar backbone and carrier mobility that was two orders of magnitude higher (2.74 × 10-2 cm2V-1s-1) than that of PIDT-BBT (4.52 × 10-4 cm2V-1s-1). Both exhibited excellent thermoelectric performance after doping with 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane, where PIDTT-BBT exhibited a larger conductivity (0.181 S cm-1) and a higher power factor (1.861 μW m-1 K-2) due to its higher carrier mobility. The maximum power factor of PIDTT-BBT reached 4.04 μW m-1 K-2 at 382 K. It is believed that conjugated polymers with a low bandgap are promising in the field of organic thermoelectric materials.

| S-EPMC8347066 | biostudies-literature

Novel Conjugated Side Chain Fluorinated Polymers Based on Fluorene for Light-Emitting and Ternary Flash Memory Devices.

Project description:Three novel conjugated polymers based on 9,9'-dioctylfluorene unit and isoindolo[2,1-a]benzimidazol-11-one with different fluorine substituents (0, 2 and 4) were synthesized. PLED and resistive memory devices based on these polymers were prepared consequently. PLED based on four-fluorinated polymer showed the highest maximum brightness of 3192?cd?m-2 with almost 5-fold increase of current efficiency 8-fold increase of external quantum efficiency compared to that of the other two, and all the PLEDs exhibited good emission stability with no noticeable change of electroluminescence even under high voltage of 10?V. The memory device of doubly-fluorinated polymer exhibited ternary flash behavior with threshold voltages below -2.5?V, while device of four-fluorinated polymer possessed ON/OFF current ratio above 104. Impact of fluorine substitutions on the performance of devices were briefly investigated. The results revealed that the improvement of device performance might not scale with the increasing number of fluorine substitutions, and the four-fluorine-substituted polymer and doubly-fluorinated polymer could be encouraging materials for applications of PLED and resistive memory device and worth of further design of other new polymer systems.

| S-EPMC6797500 | biostudies-literature

Investigation of the Side Chain Effect on Gas and Water Vapor Transport Properties of Anthracene-Maleimide Based Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity.

Project description:In the present work, a set of anthracene maleimide monomers with different aliphatic side groups obtained by Diels Alder reactions were used as precursors for a series of polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIM) based homo- and copolymers that were successfully synthesized and characterized. Polymers with different sizes and shapes of aliphatic side groups were characterized by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), (nuclear magnetic resonance) 1H-NMR, thermogravimetric (TG) analysis coupled with Fourier-Transform-Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy (TG-FTIR) and density measurements. The TG-FTIR measurement of the monomer-containing methyl side group revealed that the maleimide group decomposes prior to the anthracene backbone. Thermal treatment of homopolymer methyl-100 thick film was conducted to establish retro-Diels Alder rearrangement of the homopolymer. Gas and water vapor transport properties of homopolymers and copolymers were investigated by time-lag measurements. Homopolymers with bulky side groups (i-propyl-100 and t-butyl-100) experienced a strong impact of these side groups in fractional free volume (FFV) and penetrant permeability, compared to the homopolymers with linear alkyl side chains. The effect of anthracene maleimide derivatives with a variety of aliphatic side groups on water vapor transport is discussed. The maleimide moiety increased the water affinity of the homopolymers. Phenyl-100 exhibited a high water solubility, which is related to a higher amount of aromatic rings in the polymer. Copolymers (methyl-50 and t-butyl-50) showed higher CO2 and CH4 permeability compared to PIM-1. In summary, the introduction of bulky substituents increased free volume and permeability whilst the maleimide moiety enhanced the water vapor affinity of the polymers.

| S-EPMC8747615 | biostudies-literature

Effect of chiral 2-ethylhexyl side chains on chiroptical properties of the narrow bandgap conjugated polymers PCPDTBT and PCDTPT.

Project description:Two narrow bandgap conjugated polymers containing chiral 2-ethylhexyl side chains were synthesized: poly[(4,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)cyclopenta-[2,1-b:3,4-b']dithiophene)-2,6-diyl-alt-(2,1,3-benzothiadiazole)-4,7-diyl] (PCPDTBT*) and poly[(4,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b0]dithiophene)-2,6-diyl-alt-[1,2,5]-thiadiazolo[3,4-c]pyridine] (PCDTPT*). The presence of a chiral substituent provides a handle to study the geometry of interchain aggregates and/or the secondary structure of these conjugated polymers in solution and in thin films via circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, provided that the asymmetry in the side-chain is translated to the optically active conjugated backbone. CD signals are observed for PCPDTBT* and PCDTPT* in poor solvent systems, which indicate the presence of chiral ordering in the aggregates. PCPDTBT* shows greater chiral order than PCDTPT* based on their relative anisotropy factors. Additionally, GIWAXS analysis reveals that PCPDTBT* films are more ordered than what is observed for the same polymer containing racemic 2-ethylhexyl chains. Upon solution deposition, the chiral ordering is found to translate to the solid-state microstructure for PCPDTBT* but not PCDTPT*. The presence of a pyridyl nitrogen on the thiadiazolo[3,4-c]pyridine ring of PCDTPT* favors a planar conformation for the backbone such that it has a higher rotational barrier compared to PCPDTBT*. This larger rotational barrier appears to limit the ability of PCDTPT* to adopt a helical structure or relevant chain distortions for achieving chiral aggregates.

| S-EPMC6020614 | biostudies-literature

Influence of Substituent Chain Branching on the Transfection Efficacy of Cyclopropenium-Based Polymers.

Project description:The realization of gene therapy relies on the development of delivery vectors with high efficiency and biocompatibility. With a multitude of structures accessible, the core challenge is precisely tuning vector structure to probe and optimize structure⁻property relationships. Employing a modular strategy, two pairs of cationic polymers based on the trisaminocyclopropenium (TAC) ion were synthesized where the substituents differ in the degree of alkyl chain branching. All TAC-based polymers exhibited higher transfection efficiencies than the untreated controls, with variable in vitro toxicities. Considering both cytotoxicity and transfection efficacy, an optimal nonviral vector was identified. Our studies highlight the importance of exercising precise control over polymer structure, both in terms of backbone identity and substituent nature, and the necessity of a robust, modular platform from which to study them.

| S-EPMC6431972 | biostudies-literature

Preparation and Chemical Properties of ?-Conjugated Polymers Containing Indigo Unit in the Main Chain.

Project description:?-Conjugated polymers based on indigo unit were prepared. Dehalogenative polycondensation of N-hexyl-6,6'-dibromoindigo with a zerovalent nickel complex gave a homopolymer, P(HexI), in 77% yield. Copolymer of N-hexyl-indigo and pyridine, P(HexI-Py), was also prepared in 50% yield. P(HexI) showed good solubility in organic solvents, whereas P(HexI-Py) was only soluble in acids such as HCOOH. The weight-average molecular weights (Mw) of P(HexI) and P(HexI-Py) were determined to be 10,000 and 40,000, respectively, by a light scattering method. Pd-catalyzed polycondensation between 6,6'-dibromoindigo with N-BOC (BOC = t-butoxycarbonyl) substituents and a diboronic compound of 9,9-dioctylfluorene afforded the corresponding alternating copolymer, P(BOCI-Flu), as a deep red solid in 98% yield. P(BOCI-Flu) was soluble in N-methyl-2-pyrroridone and showed an Mw of 29,000 in GPC analysis. Treatment of P(BOCI-Flu) with CF?COOH smoothly led to a BOC-deprotection reaction to give an insoluble deep green polymer, P(I-Flu), in a quantitative yield. Diffuse reflectance spectra of powdery P(BOCI-Flu) and P(I-Flu) showed peaks at about 580 nm and 630 nm, respectively, which are thought to originate from the indigo unit.

| S-EPMC5453285 | biostudies-literature

The effect of side-chain substitution and hot processing on diketopyrrolopyrrole-based polymers for organic solar cells.

Project description:The effects of cold and hot processing on the performance of polymer-fullerene solar cells are investigated for diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) based polymers that were specifically designed and synthesized to exhibit a strong temperature-dependent aggregation in solution. The polymers, consisting of alternating DPP and oligothiophene units, are substituted with linear and second position branched alkyl side chains. For the polymer-fullerene blends that can be processed at room temperature, hot processing does not enhance the power conversion efficiencies compared to cold processing because the increased solubility at elevated temperatures results in the formation of wider polymer fibres that reduce charge generation. Instead, hot processing seems to be advantageous when cold processing is not possible due to a limited solubility at room temperature. The resulting morphologies are consistent with a nucleation-growth mechanism for polymer fibres during drying of the films.

| S-EPMC5735362 | biostudies-literature

The Role of the Side Chain on the Performance of N-type Conjugated Polymers in Aqueous Electrolytes.

Project description:We report a design strategy that allows the preparation of solution processable n-type materials from low boiling point solvents for organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs). The polymer backbone is based on NDI-T2 copolymers where a branched alkyl side chain is gradually exchanged for a linear ethylene glycol-based side chain. A series of random copolymers was prepared with glycol side chain percentages of 0, 10, 25, 50, 75, 90, and 100 with respect to the alkyl side chains. These were characterized to study the influence of the polar side chains on interaction with aqueous electrolytes, their electrochemical redox reactions, and performance in OECTs when operated in aqueous electrolytes. We observed that glycol side chain percentages of >50% are required to achieve volumetric charging, while lower glycol chain percentages show a mixed operation with high required voltages to allow for bulk charging of the organic semiconductor. A strong dependence of the electron mobility on the fraction of glycol chains was found for copolymers based on NDI-T2, with a significant drop as alkyl side chains are replaced by glycol side chains.

| S-EPMC5953566 | biostudies-literature

The Effect of Aromatic Diimide Side Groups on the ?-Conjugated Polymer Properties.

Project description:The presented study describes the method for the synthesis and characterization of a new class of conjugated copolymers containing a perylenediimide (PDI) and naphthalene diimide (NDI) side groups. The main conjugated backbone is a donor-acceptor polymer poly[3,6-carbazole-alt-5,5-(4',7'-di-2-thienyl-2',1',3'-benzothiadiazole)] containing thiophene and carbazole as donor units and benzothiadiazole as an acceptor unit. The presented compounds were synthesized in a multistep synthesis. The polymerization was carried out by Suzuki or Stille coupling reaction. Redox properties of the studied polymers were tested in different conditions. Electrochemical investigation revealed independent reduction of the main polymer chain and diimide side groups. UV-Vis spectroscopy revealed the overlap of two absorption spectra. The difference between the electron affinity of the polymer main chain and that of the diimides estimated electrochemically is approximately 0.3 eV.

| S-EPMC6415361 | biostudies-literature

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data