Dataset Information

Modulation of the Serotonergic Receptosome in the Treatment of Anxiety and Depression: A Narrative Review of the Experimental Evidence.

ABSTRACT: Serotonin (5-HT) receptors are found throughout central and peripheral nervous systems, mainly in brain regions involved in the neurobiology of anxiety and depression. 5-HT receptors are currently promising targets for discovering new drugs for treating disorders ranging from migraine to neuropsychiatric upsets, such as anxiety and depression. It is well described in the current literature that the brain expresses seven types of 5-HT receptors comprising eighteen distinct subtypes. In this article, we comprehensively reviewed 5-HT1-7 receptors. Of the eighteen 5-HT receptors known today, thirteen are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and represent targets for approximately 40% of drugs used in humans. Signaling pathways related to these receptors play a crucial role in neurodevelopment and can be modulated to develop effective therapies to treat anxiety and depression. This review presents the experimental evidence of the modulation of the "serotonergic receptosome" in the treatment of anxiety and depression, as well as demonstrating state-of-the-art research related to phytochemicals and these disorders. In addition, detailed aspects of the pharmacological mechanism of action of all currently known 5-HT receptor families were reviewed. From this review, it will be possible to direct the rational design of drugs towards new therapies that involve signaling via 5-HT receptors.

SUBMITTER: Villas-Boas GR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7918669 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Modulation of the Serotonergic Receptosome in the Treatment of Anxiety and Depression: A Narrative Review of the Experimental Evidence.

Villas-Boas Gustavo R GR Lavorato Stefânia N SN Paes Marina M MM de Carvalho Pablinny M G PMG Rescia Vanessa C VC Cunha Mila S MS de Magalhães-Filho Manoel F MF Ponsoni Luis F LF de Carvalho Adryano Augustto Valladao AAV de Lacerda Roseli B RB da S Leite Lais L da S Tavares-Henriques Matheus M Lopes Luiz A F LAF Oliveira Luiz G R LGR Silva-Filho Saulo E SE da Silveira Ana P S APS Cuman Roberto K N RKN de S Silva-Comar Francielli M FM Comar Jurandir F JF do A Brasileiro Luana L Dos Santos Jussileide N JN de Freitas William R WR Leão Katyuscya V KV da Silva Jonatas G JG Klein Raphael C RC Klein Mary H F MHF da S Ramos Bruno H BH Fernandes Cristiane K C CKC de L Ribas Dayane G DG Oesterreich Silvia A SA

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) 20210212 2

Serotonin (5-HT) receptors are found throughout central and peripheral nervous systems, mainly in brain regions involved in the neurobiology of anxiety and depression. 5-HT receptors are currently promising targets for discovering new drugs for treating disorders ranging from migraine to neuropsychiatric upsets, such as anxiety and depression. It is well described in the current literature that the brain expresses seven types of 5-HT receptors comprising eighteen distinct subtypes. In this artic ...[more]

PMID: 33673205

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Project description:Poststroke depression (PSD) is the most prevalent psychiatric disorder after stroke, which is independently correlated with negative clinical outcome. The identification of specific biomarkers could help to increase the sensitivity of PSD diagnosis and elucidate its pathophysiological mechanisms. The aim of current study was to review and summarize literature exploring potential biomarkers for PSD diagnosis. The PubMed database was searched for papers published in English from October 1977 to December 2017, 90 of which met inclusion criteria for clinical studies related to PSD biomarkers. PSD biomarkers were subdivided into neuroimaging, molecular, and neurophysiological. Some of them could be recommended to support PSD diagnosing. According to the data, lesions affecting the frontal-subcortical circles of mood regulation (prefrontal cortex, basal nuclei, and thalamus) predominantly in the left hemisphere can be considered as neuroimaging markers and predictors for PSD for at least 1 year after stroke. Additional pontine and lobar cerebral microbleeds in acute stroke patients, as well as severe microvascular lesions of the brain, increase the likelihood of PSD. The following molecular candidates can help to differentiate PSD patients from non-depressed stroke subjects: decreased serum BDNF concentrations; increased early markers of inflammation (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, ferritin, neopterin, and glutamate), serum pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-?, IL-1?, IL-6, IL-18, IFN-?), as well as pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory ratios (TNF-?/IL-10, IL-1?/IL-10, IL-6/IL-10, IL-18/IL-10, IFN-?/IL-10); lowered complement expression; decreased serum vitamin D levels; hypercortisolemia and blunted cortisol awakening response; S/S 5-HTTLPR, STin2 9/12, and 12/12 genotypes of the serotonin transporter gene SLC6A4, 5-HTR2a 1438 A/A, and BDNF met/met genotypes; higher SLC6A4 promoter and BDNF promoter methylation status. Neurophysiological markers of PSD, that reflect a violation of perception and cognitive processing, are the elongation of the latency of N200, P300, and N400, as well as the decrease in the P300 and N400 amplitude of the event-related potentials. The selected panel of biomarkers may be useful for paraclinical underpinning of PSD diagnosis, clarifying various aspects of its multifactorial pathogenesis, optimizing therapeutic interventions, and assessing treatment effectiveness.

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Dataset Information

Modulation of the Serotonergic Receptosome in the Treatment of Anxiety and Depression: A Narrative Review of the Experimental Evidence.

Publications

Modulation of the Serotonergic Receptosome in the Treatment of Anxiety and Depression: A Narrative Review of the Experimental Evidence.

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