Dataset Information

Changes in the Microbial Composition of the Cecum and Histomorphometric Analysis of Its Epithelium in Broilers Fed with Feed Mixture Containing Fermented Rapeseed Meal.

ABSTRACT: This study examined the influence of fermented rapeseed meal (FRSM) on the intestinal morphology and gut microflora of broiler chickens. Limited information is available on the effects of FRSM on the intestinal morphology and the gastrointestinal microbiome population of animals. First, 48 21-day Ross 308 broilers were placed in metabolic cages and randomly assigned to four experimental groups. Group I birds were negative controls and received no additive. Group II birds were positive controls and received a 3% addition of unfermented rapeseed meal. Group III birds received a 3% addition of rapeseed meal fermented with the Bacillus subtilis 67 bacterial strain. Group IV birds received a 3% addition of rapeseed meal fermented with the B. subtilis 87Y strain. After 23 days of experimental feeding, the contents of the birds' ceca were collected for microorganism determination. The histomorphology of the broilers' ceca was also determined, and beneficial changes were found in the histology of the broilers' ceca with the additives. Moreover, these materials inhibited the growth of pathogens and significantly stimulated the growth of probiotic bacteria. These results suggest that the addition of 3% FRSM has a potential probiotic effect and can be used as a material in feed for broilers.

SUBMITTER: Szmigiel I

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7918838 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Changes in the Microbial Composition of the Cecum and Histomorphometric Analysis of Its Epithelium in Broilers Fed with Feed Mixture Containing Fermented Rapeseed Meal.

Szmigiel Ida I Konkol Damian D Korczyński Mariusz M Łukaszewicz Marcin M Krasowska Anna A

Microorganisms 20210212 2

This study examined the influence of fermented rapeseed meal (FRSM) on the intestinal morphology and gut microflora of broiler chickens. Limited information is available on the effects of FRSM on the intestinal morphology and the gastrointestinal microbiome population of animals. First, 48 21-day Ross 308 broilers were placed in metabolic cages and randomly assigned to four experimental groups. Group I birds were negative controls and received no additive. Group II birds were positive controls a ...[more]

PMID: 33673092

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Project description:The nutrient digestibility and feeding value of rapeseed meal (RSM) for non-ruminant animals is poor due to the presence of anti-nutritional substances such as glucosinolate, phytic acid, crude fiber etc. In the present study, a solid state fermentation (SSF) using Aspergillus niger was carried out with the purpose of improving the nutritional quality of RSM. The chemical composition and physicochemical properties of RSM before and after fermentation were compared. To further understand possible mechanism of solid state fermentation, the composition of extracellular enzymes secreted by Aspergillus niger during fermentation was analysed using two-dimentional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) combined with matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometer (MALDI-TOF-MS). Results of the present study indicated that SSF had significant effects on chemical composition of RSM. The fermented rapeseed meal (FRSM) contained more crude protein (CP) and amino acid (AA) (except His) than unfermented RSM. Notably, the small peptide in FRSM was 2.26 time larger than that in unfermented RSM. Concentrations of anti-nutritional substrates in FRSM including neutral detergent fiber (NDF), glucosinolates, isothiocyanate, oxazolidithione, and phytic acid declined (P < 0.05) by 13.47, 43.07, 55.64, 44.68 and 86.09%, respectively, compared with unfermented RSM. A. niger fermentation disrupted the surface structure, changed macromolecular organic compounds, and reduced the protein molecular weights of RSM substrate. Total proteins of raw RSM and FRSM were separated and 51 protein spots were selected for mass spectrometry according to 2D-DIGE map. In identified proteins, there were 15 extracellular hydrolases secreted by A. niger including glucoamylase, acid protease, beta-glucanase, arabinofuranosidase, xylanase, and phytase. Some antioxidant related enzymes also were identified. These findings suggested that A. niger is able to secrete many extracellular degradation enzymes (especially lignocellulosic hydrolyzing enzymes, acid proteases and phytase) during fermentation of RSM, thus altering chemical composition and physicochemical properties of RSM.

Project description:To explore the effects of fermented rapeseed meal (FRSM) on growth performance and intestinal health, a total of 30 growing pigs were randomly allotted to three treatments consisting of corn-soybean meal diet (CSD), rapeseed meal diet (RSD), and fermented rapeseed meal diet (FRSD). Results showed that compared with RSD, FRSD feeding increased the average daily gain and final body weight in pigs (P < 0.01). Compared with RSD feeding, FRSD feeding elevated the apparent digestibility of crude protein, acid detergent fiber, and ether extract in pigs (P < 0.01). Moreover, the FRSD group exhibited greater apparent ileal digestibility of His, Thr, Lys, and Ser than the RSD group (P < 0.01). The digestible energy, metabolic energy, and nitrogen utilization were higher in the FRSD and CSD groups than in the RSD group (P < 0.01). As compared to the RSD, FRSD feeding decreased the serum concentration of leptin but significantly increased the concentrations of immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgG, ghrelin, and enzyme activities of amylase, lipase, and trypsin in the pancreas (P < 0.05). Interestingly, the villus height, the ratio of villus height to crypt depth, and the activities of brush border enzymes (e.g., maltase and sucrase) in the small intestine were higher in the CSD and FRSD groups than in the RSD group (P < 0.05). As compared to the RSD, the FRSD feeding not only increased the expression level of the occludin in the small intestinal epithelium (P < 0.05) but also elevated the expression levels of claudin-1, MUC1, and PepT1 genes in the duodenum, and elevated the expression levels of SGLT1 and CAT1 genes in the jejunum (P < 0.05). Importantly, FRSD feeding significantly decreased the abundance of Escherichia coli, but increased the abundance of Lactobacillus and the content of butyrate in the cecum and colon (P < 0.05). These results indicated that compared with rapeseed meal, fermented rapeseed meal exhibited a positive effect on improving the growth performance and intestinal health in growing pigs, and the results may also help develop novel protein sources for animal nutrition and the feed industry.

Project description:Sinapine derived from cruciferous plants could be converted into trimethylamine by intestinal microbiota. Its metabolite, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), is closely linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease and fat deposition in mammals. Hens fed with rapeseed meal (RSM) suffered from fatty liver hemorrhage syndrome (FLHS). This study was conducted to investigate whether RSM-induced fatty liver is due to TMAO via altering microbiota composition and diversity. At 33 weeks of age, 600 laying hens were randomly divided into 5 treatment groups, namely control and 14% RSM treatment groups (DY5, with 16.2% erucic acid [EA] and 74.66% glucosinolate [Gl] contents; MB1, with 3.50% EA and 43.23% Gl contents; DY6, with 6.7% EA and 22.67% Gl contents; XH3, with 44.60% EA and 132.83% Gl contents) for 8 weeks. Results revealed that 3 hens died due to liver hemorrhage after ingesting 14% RSM diet. The 14% RSM decreased serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) content (P < 0.01) while tended to increase serum TMAO content compared to the control group (P = 0.08). The 14% RSM diet increased red oil O optical density (P < 0.01), and increased total cholesterol (TC) and LDL-C content in the liver (P < 0.01, and P < 0.01, respectively). The 14% RSM decreased liver total bile acid (TBA) content compared to the control (P < 0.01). The DY6 had a higher TBA content in the liver than the XH3 (P < 0.01). The 14% RSM decreased mRNA abundance of liver X receptors alpha (LXR-α, P = 0.01), and increased mRNA abundance of sterol response element binding protein 2 (SREBP-2, P = 0.04). Results revealed that the in-feed RSM could alter richness and diversity of cecal microbiota compared to the control (P < 0.05). Liver TC content and serum TMAO showed a negative relationship with Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria (P = 0.04). In conclusion, 14% RSM increased liver TC and induced high liver score of FLHS, which was possibly associated with the altered cecal microbiota composition, increased serum TMAO levels and LXR-α and SREBP-2 expressions.

Dataset Information

Changes in the Microbial Composition of the Cecum and Histomorphometric Analysis of Its Epithelium in Broilers Fed with Feed Mixture Containing Fermented Rapeseed Meal.

Publications

Changes in the Microbial Composition of the Cecum and Histomorphometric Analysis of Its Epithelium in Broilers Fed with Feed Mixture Containing Fermented Rapeseed Meal.

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