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Structural and compositional data of maya pottery samples from Lake Peten Itza, Guatemala: Central America.

ABSTRACT: In this data article, we present the spectroscopic structural data of the pottery samples collected from Petén Itzá, Guatemala. Detailed Fourier transmission infrared, powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy coupled to electron dispersive X-ray diffraction, and thermal gravimetric analysis/differential thermal gravimetric analysis (FTIR, PXRD, SEM/EDX, and TGA/DTGA) were discussed in the research article titled "Comprehensive Structural and Compositional Investigation of Maya Pottery Sherds from Lake Petén Itzá, Guatemala, Central America" (Onchoke et al. 2020 [1]). The FTIR, XRD profiles and composition of pottery from Petén Itzá, Guatemala are presented. This data is important and useful for further understanding of the structural composition of pottery sherds used by Maya people of Guatemala. In addition, the TGA/DTGA profiles provide information on the content of the losses upon heating and offers supportive evidence to the spectroscopic data studied.

SUBMITTER: Onchoke KK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7921478 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Structural and compositional data of maya pottery samples from Lake Petén Itzá, Guatemala: Central America.

Onchoke Kefa K KK Nicholson Pressley S PS Taylor Josephine J Friedfeld Robert R RR Cecil Leslie G LG

Data in brief 20210216

In this data article, we present the spectroscopic structural data of the pottery samples collected from Petén Itzá, Guatemala. Detailed Fourier transmission infrared, powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy coupled to electron dispersive X-ray diffraction, and thermal gravimetric analysis/differential thermal gravimetric analysis (FTIR, PXRD, SEM/EDX, and TGA/DTGA) were discussed in the research article titled "Comprehensive Structural and Compositional Investigation of Maya Pott ...[more]

PMID: 33718546

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Project description:BackgroundGuatemala is a multiethnic and multilingual country located in Central America. The main population groups separate 'Ladinos' (mixed Native American-African-Spanish), and Native indigenous people of Maya descent. Among the present-day Guatemalan Maya, there are more than 20 different ethnic groups separated by different languages and cultures. Genetic variation of these communities still remains largely unexplored. The principal aim of this study is to explore the genetic variability of the Maya and 'Ladinos' from Guatemala by means of uniparental and ancestry informative markers (AIMs).ResultsAnalyses of uniparental genetic markers indicate that Maya have a dominant Native American ancestry (mitochondrial DNA [mtDNA]: 100%; Y-chromosome: 94%). 'Ladino', however, show a clear gender-bias as indicated by the large European ancestry observed in the Y-chromosome (75%) compared to the mtDNA (0%). Autosomal polymorphisms (AIMS) also mirror this marked gender-bias: (i) Native American ancestry: 92% for the Maya vs. 55% for the 'Ladino', and (ii) European ancestry: 8% for the Maya vs. 41% for the 'Ladino'. In addition, the impact of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade on the present-day Guatemalan population is very low (and only occurs in the 'Ladino'; mtDNA: 9%;Aims4%), in part mirroring the fact that Guatemala has a predominant orientation to the Pacific Ocean instead of a Caribbean one. Sequencing of entire Guatemalan mitogenomes has led to improved Native American phylogeny via the addition of new haplogroups that are mainly observed in Mesoamerica and/or the North of South America.ConclusionsThe data reveal the existence of a fluid gene flow in the Mesoamerican area and a predominant unidirectional flow towards South America, most likely occurring during the Pre-Classic (1800 BC-200 AD) and the Classic (200-1000 AD) Eras of the Mesoamerican chronology, coinciding with development of the most distinctive and advanced Mesoamerican civilization, the Maya. Phylogenetic features of mtDNA data also suggest a demographic scenario that is compatible with moderate local endogamy and isolation in the Maya combined with episodes of gene exchange between ethnic groups, suggesting an ethno-genesis in the Guatemalan Maya that is recent and supported on a cultural rather than a biological basis.

Dataset Information

Structural and compositional data of maya pottery samples from Lake Peten Itza, Guatemala: Central America.

Publications

Structural and compositional data of maya pottery samples from Lake Petén Itzá, Guatemala: Central America.

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