Dataset Information

Metabolic parameters in smokers undergoing smoking reduction.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Few human studies have explored the mechanisms of smoking-induced insulin resistance. Aims: To prospectively examine the metabolic changes of smoking reduction.

Methods

Cigarette smokers (n = 22; ½-2 packs per day) were enrolled in a smoking reduction program (counseling plus bupropion × 8 weeks; Phase I) followed by monitoring only (no counseling or bupropion × 16 weeks; Phase II). We serially measured exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) and urine nicotine metabolites; fat distribution, and metabolic parameters by hyperinsulinemic clamps including hepatic glucose output (HGO) and indirect calorimetry, adjusted for total caloric intake and expenditure.

Results

CO and nicotine metabolite levels fell with smoking reduction during Phase I (all p < 0.05), without any further changes through Phase II. Central-to-peripheral fat ratio increased during Phase I, but then fell during Phase II (all p < 0.05). Over 24 weeks, basal HGO fell (p = 0.02); and falling CO and nicotine metabolite levels correlated inversely with changes in glucose oxidation, and directly with changes in weight (all p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Smoking reduction produced a transient worsening of central fat redistribution followed by a more significant improvement; along with other net beneficial metabolic effects.

SUBMITTER: Hsia SH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7933731 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Metabolic parameters in smokers undergoing smoking reduction.

Hsia Stanley H SH Nisis Monica L ML Lee Martin L ML Goldstein Candice C Friedman Theodore C TC

Journal of clinical & translational endocrinology 20210123

<h4>Introduction</h4>Few human studies have explored the mechanisms of smoking-induced insulin resistance. <i>Aims</i>: To prospectively examine the metabolic changes of smoking reduction.<h4>Methods</h4>Cigarette smokers (n = 22; ½-2 packs per day) were enrolled in a smoking reduction program (counseling plus bupropion × 8 weeks; Phase I) followed by monitoring only (no counseling or bupropion × 16 weeks; Phase II). We serially measured exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) and urine nicotine metabolite ...[more]

PMID: 33717989

Similar Datasets

Project description:Electronic cigarette (EC) use is growing dramatically with use highest among young adults and current smokers. One of the most common reasons for using ECs is interest in quitting or reducing cigarettes per day (CPD); however there are few randomized controlled trials (RCT) on the effect of ECs on smoking abstinence and reduction.We conducted a two-arm; double-blind RCT. Subjects were randomized to receive 3-weeks of either disposable 4.5% nicotine EC (intervention) or placebo EC. The primary outcome was self-reported reduction of at least 50% in the number of CPDs smoked at week 3 (end of treatment) compared to baseline. Study subjects (n = 99) were young adult (21-35), current smokers (smoked ? 10 CPDs) living in NYC.Compared with baseline, a significant reduction in CPDs was observed at both study time periods (1 and 3 weeks) for intervention (P < .001) and placebo (P < .001) groups. Between-group analyses showed significantly fewer CPDs in the intervention group compared to the placebo group at week 3 (P = .03), but not at any other follow-up periods. The logistic regression analysis showed that using a greater number of ECs, treatment condition and higher baseline readiness to quit were significantly associated with achieving at least 50% reduction in CPDs at the end of treatment.A diverse young adult sample of current everyday smokers, who were not ready to quit, was able to reduce smoking with the help of ECs. Further study is needed to establish the role of both placebo and nicotine containing ECs in increasing both reduction and subsequent cessation.Despite the critical need for well-designed clinical trials on the effect of ECs on cessation and cigarette reduction, the majority of studies have been observational or noncomparative intervention designs. Only three RCTs studying ECs as a cessation or reduction intervention have been published, and none were conducted in the United States. The current study adds knowledge to current literature on the feasibility of using ECs to aid smoking reduction among young smokers in US urban populations.

Dataset Information

Metabolic parameters in smokers undergoing smoking reduction.

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Metabolic parameters in smokers undergoing smoking reduction.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets