Short-term balance training and acute effects on postural sway in balance-deficient older adults: a randomized controlled trial

ABSTRACT:

Background

We aimed to determine the effectiveness of 4 weeks of balance exercise compared with no intervention on objectively measured postural sway.

Methods

This was a single-center parallel randomized controlled, open label, trial. A six-sided dice was used for allocation at a 1:1-ratio between exercise and control. The trial was performed at a university hospital clinic in Sweden and recruited community-dwelling older adults with documented postural instability. The intervention consisted of progressively challenging balance exercise three times per week, during 4 weeks, with follow-up at week five. Main outcome measures were objective postural sway length during eyes open and eyes closed conditions.

Results

Sixty-five participants aged 70?years (balance exercise n?=?32; no intervention n?=?33) were randomized. 14 participants were excluded from analysis because of early dropout before follow-up at week five, leaving 51 (n?=?22; n?=?29) participants for analysis. No significant differences were detected between the groups in any of the postural sway outcomes. Within-group analyses showed significant improvements in hand grip strength for the intervention group, while Timed Up & Go improvements were comparable between groups but only statistically significant in the control group.

Conclusions

Performing balance exercise over a four-week intervention period did not acutely improve postural sway in balance-deficient older adults. The lower limit in duration and frequency to achieve positive effects remains unclear.

Trial registration

Clinical trials NCT03227666, July 24, 2017, retrospectively registered.

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13102-021-00251-x.

SUBMITTER: Sorlen N 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7941938 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature