Dataset Information

Lasting Effects Of Cognitive Emotion Regulation: Neural Correlates Of Reinterpretation And Distancing.

ABSTRACT: Reinterpretation and distancing are two cognitive reappraisal tactics, used to regulate one's emotions in response to emotion-eliciting stimuli or situations. Relatively less is known about their (differential) lasting effects on emotional responding and related neural correlates. This functional magnetic resonance imaging study investigated eighty-five healthy females, participating in a two-day cognitive emotion regulation experiment. On the first day, participants were instructed to passively look at, reinterpret, or distance from repeatedly presented aversive pictures. One week later, they were re-exposed to the same stimuli without regulation instruction, in order to assess lasting effects. Main outcome measures comprised ratings of negative feelings and blood-oxygen-level-dependent responses. Lasting effects for reinterpretation compared with looking at aversive pictures during passive re-exposure one week later were reflected in stronger activation of the left amygdala, the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and reduced negative feelings. Neither distancing compared with looking at aversive pictures nor reinterpretation compared with distancing did result in significant effects during re-exposure. These findings indicate that reinterpretation leads to reduced negative feelings one week later which might be mediated by inhibitory vmPFC activation or stronger positive emotions during re-exposure. However, the missing difference compared to distancing questions the specificity of the results, and the mechanisms underlying these two cognitive reappraisal tactics.

SUBMITTER: Hermann A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7943369 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Lasting effects of cognitive emotion regulation: neural correlates of reinterpretation and distancing.

Hermann Andrea A Neudert Marie K MK Schäfer Axel A Zehtner Raphaela I RI Fricke Susanne S Seinsche Rosa J RJ Stark Rudolf R

Social cognitive and affective neuroscience 20210301 3

Reinterpretation and distancing are two cognitive reappraisal tactics, used to regulate one's emotions in response to emotion-eliciting stimuli or situations. Relatively less is known about their (differential) lasting effects on emotional responding and related neural correlates. This functional magnetic resonance imaging study investigated 85 healthy females, participating in a 2-day cognitive emotion regulation experiment. On the first day, participants were instructed to passively look at, r ...[more]

PMID: 33227135

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Project description:Depressive rumination is considered a prominent risk factor for the occurrence, severity, and duration of depressive episodes. A variety of treatment options have been developed to treat depressive rumination of which mindfulness based programs are especially promising. In the current study, we investigated the neural underpinnings of a short mindfulness intervention and mindful emotion regulation in high and low trait ruminators in an ecologically valid environment using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Participants were randomly assigned to a mindfulness instruction (MT) group or an instructed thinking (IT) group. Participants in the MT group were trained to either focus their attention mindfully on their breath or their emotions, while the IT group focused their attention on the past or future. Afterwards, all participants underwent an emotion regulation paradigm in which they either watched negative or neutral movie clips. During both paradigms cortical hemodynamic changes were assessed by means of fNIRS. Participants in the MT group showed lower activity in the cognitive control network (CCN) during the focus on breath condition in comparison to the focus on emotion condition. Additionally, oxygenated hemoglobin in the MT group tended to be lower than in the IT group. Further, self-reports of emotional distress during the instruction paradigm were reduced in the MT group. During the emotion regulation paradigm, we observed reduced emotional reactivity in terms of emotional distress and avoidance in the MT group in comparison to the IT group. Furthermore, on a neural level, we observed higher CCN activity in the MT group in comparison to the IT group. We did not find any effect of rumination, neither on the intervention nor on the emotion regulation task. The results of this pilot study are discussed in light of the present literature on the neural correlates of mindfulness based interventions in rumination and emphasize the use of fNIRS to track neural changes in situ over the course of therapy.

Dataset Information

Lasting Effects Of Cognitive Emotion Regulation: Neural Correlates Of Reinterpretation And Distancing.

Publications

Lasting effects of cognitive emotion regulation: neural correlates of reinterpretation and distancing.

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