Identification and genotyping of a new subtype of bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 isolated from cattle with diarrhea.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Tian B
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7952330 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BackgroundBovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is prevalent in Korean indigenous cattle, leading to substantial economic losses. This study was conducted to investigate the occurrence of BVDV. In 2016, a total of 143 blood samples were collected from asymptomatic Korean indigenous calves younger than 3-months of age from six different farms in the Republic of Korea (ROK).ResultsEighty-seven calves (60.8%, 87/143) were tested positive for BVDV as evaluated by RT-PCR analysis. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 5'-untranslated region was used to classify these cases into three subtypes: BVDV-1b, BVDV-1o, and BVDV-2a. These results showed that BVDV-1b was the predominant subtype, while 2 samples clustered with BVDV-2a. Interestingly, one sample formed a separate group as a potentially new subtype, BVDV-1o. To our knowledge, this is the first report of BVDV-1o infection in Korean native calves. The BVDV-1o subtype identified in this study was closely related to cattle isolates obtained from Japan, indicating that this subtype is a new introduction to the ROK.ConclusionsThis study provides useful information for carrying out epidemiological surveys of BVDV in the ROK and developing a vaccine for future use in the ROK, particularly for the first detection of BVDV-1o in Korean indigenous calves. Further studies are required to investigate the prevalence and pathogenicity of this BVDV-1o subtype.
| S-EPMC6081834 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In this study, we reported the isolation, identification, and molecular characteristics of nine BVDV strains that were isolated from the serum of persistently infected cattle. The new strains were designated as BVDV TJ2101, TJ2102, TJ2103, TJ2104, TJ2105, TJ2106, TJ2107, TJ2108 and TJ2109. The TJ2102 and TJ2104 strains were found to be cytopathic BVDV, and the other strains were non-cytopathic BVDV. An alignment and phylogenetic analysis showed that the new isolates share 92.2-96.3% homology with the CP7 strain and, thus, were classified as the BVDV-1b subgenotype. A recombination analysis of the genome sequences showed that the new strains could be recombined by the major parent BVDV-1a NADL strain and the minor parent BVDV-1m SD-15 strain. Some genome variations or unique amino acid mutations were found in 5'-UTR, E0 and E2 of these new isolates. In addition, a potential linear B cell epitopes prediction showed that the potential linear B cell epitope at positions 56-61 is highly variable in BVDV-1b. In conclusion, the present study has identified nine strains of BVDV from persistently infected cattle in China. Further studies on the virulence and pathogenesis of these new strains are recommended.
| S-EPMC10384089 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) is an endemic virus of North American cattle populations with significant economic and animal health impacts. While BVDV infection has a myriad of clinical manifestations, a unique and problematic outcome is the establishment of a persistently infected (PI) animal following in-utero viral infection. While it is well established that PI animals serve as a constant reservoir of BVDV, the mechanism for the maintained infection remains unknown despite multiple theories. The purpose of this study was to use transcriptome analysis to further define long term immune status of adult PI cattle and offer insight into the potential mechanistic establishment of persistent BVDV infection, in utero. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected from PI beef cattle (N=6) and uninfected controls (N=6) for targeted RNAseq analysis conducted using 54 genes of interest and followed by pathway enrichment analysis. Analysis revealed 29 differentially expressed genes (FDR < 0.05, fold change > 2) representing 14 significant KEGG pathways between PI and control animals (FDR < 0.05). Transcriptome changes indicate chronic upregulation of interferon gamma (IFNG) with unexpected expression of related genes, suggesting a maintained stimulation of the PI immune system resulting in virus-mediated dysregulation of immune function.
2024-12-10 | GSE278855 | GEO
Project description:BackgroundBovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is an important global viral pathogen of cattle and other ruminants. To survey the infection rate and genetic diversity of BVDV in western China, a total of 1234 serum samples from 17 herds of dairy cattle, beef cattle and yak in 4 provinces were collected in 2019.ResultsAll the 1234 serum samples were screened individually for BVDV by RT-PCR. Our results demonstrated that the average positive rate of BVDV was 7.2% (89/1234) in animals and 82.4% (14/17) in herds. Thirteen BVDV strains were isolated from RT-PCR positive clinical samples and they were all NCP biotype. BVDV-1a and 1c subgenotypes were identified from 22 selected virus isolates in 14 BVDV-positive herds. These results confirmed that BVDV-1a and BVDV-1c were circulating in western China, similar to the BVDV epidemics in cattle in other regions of China.ConclusionsThis study provides data for monitoring and vaccination strategies of BVDV in western China.
| S-EPMC7853163 | biostudies-literature
Project description:bovine viral diarrhea virus Raw sequence reads
| PRJNA932184 | ENA
Project description:Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is an RNA virus that is often associated with respiratory disease in cattle. MicroRNAs have been proposed as indicators of exposure to respiratory pathogens. The objective of this study was to identify microRNAs in cattle that had been challenged with a non-cytopathic field strain of BVDV. Five colostrum deprived neonate Holstein calves were inoculated with BVDV (challenged) and 4 were mock challenged (control). Serum from all calves was collected at four different times: prior to challenge (day 0) and at 4, 9, and 16 days post-challenge. RNA was extracted from sera, and expression, via read counts, of small non-coding RNAs were obtained using next-generation sequencing. A total of 905,861 sequences identified 427 microRNAs. Sixty-two microRNAs had >1,000 total reads across all samples. Bta-miR-339a, bta-miR-185, bta-miR-486, Bta-miR-92a, bta-miR-30e-5p, bta-let-7c, and bta-miR-2284x were significantly different (P < 0.05) across time regardless of challenge status. Bta-miR-423-5p (P = 0.008) and bta-miR-151-3p (P = 0.005) were significantly different between challenged and control animals across time. In challenged animals, bta-miR-423-5p peaked in number of reads by day 4 and steadily declined from day 4 to day 16. In control animals, bta-miR-423-5p declined from day 0 to day 9 and increased in number by day 16. By day 16, both challenged and control animals had similar levels of bta-miR-423-5p, and these levels were similar to day 0 levels. Bta-miR-151-3p peaked at day 9 in challenged animals, while control animals decreased across time. By day 16, the number of reads of bta-miR-151-3p were similar between challenged and control animals. The level in challenged animals had returned to day 0 levels by day 16, whereas the levels for control animals was significantly lower (P = 0.006) than day 0. Further studies are needed to establish if bta-miR-423-5p or bta-miR-151-3p could be used as a biomarker for exposure to BVDV.
| S-EPMC5487392 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a worldwide spreading pestivirus affecting cattle and other ruminants; however, there have been few reports on epidemiologic investigation of BVDV in eastern China. In this study, bulk tank milk from 36 herds of dairy cattle in eastern China was submitted to serological investigations, 77.8% of herds was BVDV antibody positive. Individual animal status in two herds was further investigated collecting blood samples, the positive ratio was 49.74% and 24.64%, and the average positive ratio of calves, heifers, and lactating cows was 15.94%, 40.16%, and 41.7%, respectively. Moreover, clinical survey was carried out among 8170 dairy cattle from 36 herds, for diarrhea syndrome, respiratory problems and reproductive failure, and pathogens of all clinical cattle were further investigated. The results showed that BVDV was one of the main pathogen, which infected animals combining with various other viruses. Then, nine BVDV strains were isolated; phylogenetic analysis showed that BVDV subtypes currently circulating in eastern China were BVDV 1a and BVDV 1c. In addition, out of 377 cows tested, the 1.86% detected positive to the BVDV antigen. This study provided the foundation of further study on vaccination and control strategies of BVDV in eastern China.
| S-EPMC7089171 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundBovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) causes severe economic losses and is one of the most important viral pathogens of ruminants worldwide. The infection manifests itself in a variety of clinical symptoms. Phylogenetic studies based mainly on 5'UTR of its genome, identified many different subtypes of BVDV. Previous study indicated the predominance of BVDV-1b and BVDV-1d in Poland. The aim of this study was to genotype BVDV isolates currently circulating in Polish dairy herds.ResultsBVDV was detected in 30 herds. Viral subtypes were identified using sequences of the 5'UTR fragment and they were confirmed within a fragment of the Npro region. Seven subtypes of BVDV-1 species have been identified: 1b, 1 g, 1f, 1d, 1r, 1 s and 1e.ConclusionThe number of subtypes of BVDV in Poland evolves and 2 new subtypes have been identified for the first time. Such studies may have a positive impact on successful eradication of the virus using effective vaccines and diagnostic tests.
| S-EPMC6683398 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a causative agent of bovine viral diarrhea. In Japan, a previous study reported that subgenotype 1b viruses were predominant until 2014. Because there is little information regarding the recent epidemiological status of BVDV circulating in Japan, we performed genetic characterization of 909 BVDV isolates obtained between 2014 and 2020. We found that 657 and 252 isolates were classified as BVDV-1 and BVDV-2, respectively, and that they were further subdivided into 1a (35 isolates, 3.9%), 1b (588, 64.7%), 1c (34, 3.7%), and 2a (252, 27.7%). Phylogenetic analysis using entire E2 coding sequence revealed that a major domestic cluster in Japan among BVDV-1b and 2a viruses were unchanged from a previous study conducted from 2006 to 2014. These results provide updated information concerning the epidemic strain of BVDV in Japan, which would be helpful for appropriate vaccine selection.
| S-EPMC8920713 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In our previous study, we genetically analyzed bovine viral diarrhea viruses (BVDVs) isolated from 2000 to 2006 in Japan and reported that subgenotype 1b viruses were predominant. In the present study, 766 BVDVs isolated from 2006 to 2014 in Hokkaido, Japan, were genetically analyzed to understand recent epidemics. Phylogenetic analysis based on nucleotide sequences of the 5'-untranslated region of viral genome revealed that 766 isolates were classified as genotype 1 (BVDV-1; 544 isolates) and genotype 2 (BVDV-2; 222). BVDV-1 isolates were further divided into BVDV-1a (93), 1b (371) and 1c (80) subgenotypes, and all BVDV-2 isolates were grouped into BVDV-2a subgenotype (222). Further comparative analysis was performed with BVDV-1a, 1b and 2a viruses isolated from 2001 to 2014. Phylogenetic analysis based on nucleotide sequences of the viral glycoprotein E2 gene, a major target of neutralizing antibodies, revealed that BVDV-1a, 1b and 2a isolates were further classified into several clusters. Cross-neutralization tests showed that BVDV-1b isolates were antigenically different from BVDV-1a isolates, and almost BVDV-1a, 1b and 2a isolates were antigenically similar among each subgenotype and each E2 cluster. Taken together, BVDV-1b viruses are still predominant, and BVDV-2a viruses have increased recently in Hokkaido, Japan. Field isolates of BVDV-1a, 1b and 2a show genetic diversity on the E2 gene with antigenic conservation among each subgenotype during the last 14 years.
| S-EPMC4751118 | biostudies-other