Dataset Information

Epidemiological risk factors and the geographical distribution of eight Mycobacterium species.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are environmental bacterium that may cause and/or compound respiratory diseases in humans. There are over a hundred NTM species with varying pathogenicity's Therefore, it is necessary to characterize the populations at risk for each species.

Methods

Demographic (age, sex, and state of residence) and microbiological data from 2014 were extracted from Mississippi, Missouri, and Ohio disease surveillance systems. NTM species with >?50 reports were included in the analysis. Patient sex, age, and incidence rates were generated for each of the following NTM species: M. abscessus, M. avium complex (MAC), M. chelonae, M. fortuitum, M. gordonae, M. kansasii, M. mucogenicum, and M. peregrinum.

Results

Analysis by sex showed that M. chelonae,M. fortuitum, M. gordonae,and M. kansasii had significantly higher rates in males than females. Age was not associated with patient rates for several specific NTM species e.g., M. chelonae. Mississippi had the highest patient' rates for M. avium, M. gordonae, M. kansasii, and M. chelonae. Ohio had the highest patient' rates for M. abscessus, M. mucogenicum, and M. peregrinum. The highest patient's rate for M. fortuitum was observed in Missouri.

Conclusion

This study showed that NTM infection occurred more frequently in males. The highest rates were observed in Mississippi for most of the NTMs studied. Age was not a strong risk factor for some of the NTM species.

SUBMITTER: Donohue MJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7953749 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Epidemiological risk factors and the geographical distribution of eight Mycobacterium species.

Donohue Maura J MJ

BMC infectious diseases 20210312 1

<h4>Background</h4>Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are environmental bacterium that may cause and/or compound respiratory diseases in humans. There are over a hundred NTM species with varying pathogenicity's Therefore, it is necessary to characterize the populations at risk for each species.<h4>Methods</h4>Demographic (age, sex, and state of residence) and microbiological data from 2014 were extracted from Mississippi, Missouri, and Ohio disease surveillance systems. NTM species with > 50 repo ...[more]

PMID: 33706712

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Project description:BackgroundFortaleza (Brazil) is high endemic for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), tuberculosis (TB) and leprosy. These three diseases share respiratory droplets through coughing or sneezing as the main mode of transmission but differ in incubation time, with COVID-19 having a short and leprosy a long incubation time. Consequently, contacts of a patient are at higher risk of infection and developing these diseases. There might be scope for combined preventive measures, but a better understanding of the geographical distribution and relevant socioeconomic risk factors of the three diseases is needed first. This study aims to describe the geographic distribution of COVID-19, TB and leprosy incidence and to identify common socioeconomic risk factors.MethodsThe total number of new cases of COVID-19, TB and leprosy, as well as socioeconomic and demographic variables, were retrieved from official registers. The geographical distribution of COVID-19, TB and leprosy rates per neighbourhood was visualised in Quantum GIS, and spatial autocorrelation was measured with Moran's I in GeoDa. A spatial regression model was applied to understand the association between COVID-19, TB, leprosy rates, and socioeconomic factors.ResultsCOVID-19 and TB showed a more homogenous distribution, whereas leprosy is located more in the south and west of Fortaleza. One neighbourhood (Pedras) in the southeast was identified as high endemic for all three diseases. Literacy was a socioeconomic risk factor for all three diseases: a high literacy rate increases the risk of COVID-19, and a low literacy rate (i.e., illiteracy) increases the risk of TB and leprosy. In addition, high income was associated with COVID-19, while low income with TB.ConclusionsDespite the similar mode of transmission, COVID-19, TB and leprosy show a different distribution of cases in Fortaleza. In addition, associated risk factors are related to wealth in COVID-19 and to poverty in TB and leprosy. These findings may support policymakers in developing (partially combined) primary and secondary prevention considering the efficient use of resources.

Dataset Information

Epidemiological risk factors and the geographical distribution of eight Mycobacterium species.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Epidemiological risk factors and the geographical distribution of eight Mycobacterium species.

Similar Datasets

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