Evidence for divergence of DNA methylation maintenance and a conserved inhibitory mechanism from DNA demethylation in chickens and mammals.

ABSTRACT:

Background

DNA methylation is a significant epigenetic modification that is evolutionarily conserved in various species and often serves as a repressive mark for transcription. DNA methylation levels and patterns are regulated by a balance of opposing enzyme functions, DNA methyltransferases, DNMT1/3A/3B and methylcytosine dioxygenases, TET1/2/3. In mice, the TET enzyme converts DNA cytosine methylation (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) at the beginning of fertilisation and gastrulation and initiates a global loss of 5mC, while the 5mC level is increased on the onset of cell differentiation during early embryonic development.

Objective

Global loss and gain of DNA methylation may be differently regulated in diverged species.

Methods

Chicken B-cell lymphoma DT40 c

SUBMITTER: Tada M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7966644 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature