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The complete chloroplast genome of Bupleurum euphorbioides, a traditional medicinal plant.

ABSTRACT: Bupleurum euphorbioides is a rare native plant attributed with analgesic, gallbladder-supportive, and other functions in China and the Republic of Korea. However, the complete chloroplast genome sequence of the native plant B. euphorbioides has not been determined. In this study, we sequenced the complete chloroplast genome sequence, and examined the molecular phylogeny and genetic information of B. euphorbioides. The total chloroplast genome of B. euphorbioides was 154,871 bp in length with a large single-copy region (85,089 bp), small single-copy region (17,714 bp), and pair of inverted repeats regions (26,034 bp). The chloroplast genome encoded a total of 176 genes, including 131 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. The phylogenetic tree indicated that B. euphorbioides was most closely related to B. latissimum.

SUBMITTER: Park SS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7971250 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The complete chloroplast genome of Bupleurum euphorbioides, a traditional medicinal plant.

Project description:Bupleurum euphorbioides is a rare native plant attributed with analgesic, gallbladder-supportive, and other functions in China and the Republic of Korea. However, the complete chloroplast genome sequence of the native plant B. euphorbioides has not been determined. In this study, we sequenced the complete chloroplast genome sequence, and examined the molecular phylogeny and genetic information of B. euphorbioides. The total chloroplast genome of B. euphorbioides was 154,871 bp in length with a large single-copy region (85,089 bp), small single-copy region (17,714 bp), and pair of inverted repeats regions (26,034 bp). The chloroplast genome encoded a total of 176 genes, including 131 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes. The phylogenetic tree indicated that B. euphorbioides was the most closely related to B. latissimum.

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The complete chloroplast genome of Mahonia oiwakensis (Berberidaceae), a traditional Chinese medicinal plant.

Project description:Mahonia oiwakensis is a frequently-used traditional Chinese medicinal plant with efficient anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory ability. In this study, we assembled the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of M. oiwakensis. The complete cp genome of M. oiwakensis is 165,126 bp in length, and has a typical structure with large (LSC 73,382 bp) and small (SSC 18,644 bp) single-copy regions separated by a pair of inverted repeats (IRs 36,550 bp) of large size. The M. oiwakensis cp genome contains 148 genes, of which 103 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, 8 rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis shows that M. oiwakensis closely clustered with Mahonia bealei, but were nested among three speices of Berberis, which robustly supports that Mahonia is not monophyletic, thus needs redefinition.

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The complete chloroplast genome of Zanthoxylum stenophyllum Hemsl. (Rutaceae), a traditional Chinese medicinal plant.

Project description:Zanthoxylum stenophyllum Hemsl., a type species for the genus Zanthoxylum (Rutaceae), is a traditional medicinal plant. We studied the complete chloroplast genome of this species using BGISEQ-500 platform. The chloroplast genome was 158,314 bp in size with a GC content of 38.45%. The genome contained two short inverted repeat (IRa and IRb) regions of 27,052 bp, a large single-copy region (LSC, 86,029 bp) and a small single-copy region (SSC, 18,181 bp). The annotated complete chloroplast genome contains 133 distinct genes, including 88 protein-coding genes, 37 transfer RNAs (tRNAs), and 8 ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that Z. stenophyllum is clustered with Z. schiniflium and Z. pinnatum in the same branch with 100% bootstrap support. This complete chloroplast genome provides valuable genomic information for the molecular phylogeny and sustainable utilization of Zanthoxylum.

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The complete chloroplast genome of a traditional medicinal and food plant, Polygonatum humile (Asparagaceae, Asparagales).

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The complete chloroplast genome of Rosa cymosa (Rosaceae), a traditional medicinal plant in South China.

Project description:Rosa cymosa is a traditional medicinal and ornamental plant in China. Here, we report the complete chloroplast genome of R. cymosa. The chloroplast genome is 156,607 bp in length with 37.48% GC content, containing a small single-copy (SSC) region (18,763 bp), a large single-copy (LSC) region (85,722 bp), and a pair of inverted repeats (IRs: 26,061 bp each). A total of 139 genes were predicted, including 92 protein-coding genes, eight ribosomal RNA genes, and 39 tRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis based on chloroplast genomes of 16 plant species shows that R. cymosa is closest to R. chiensis 'Old Bush' and R. lucidissima. These complete chloroplast genomes can be subsequently used for researches of Rosaceae.

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Complete chloroplast genome of Callicarpa formosana Rolfe, a famous ornamental plant and traditional medicinal herb.

Project description:Callicarpa formosana is a species of beauty-berry with large medicinal value belonging to the family Verbenaceae. In this study, the complete chloroplast genome of C. formosana was sequenced using Illumina Hiseq X Ten platform. The chloroplast genome was 1,54,210 bp in length, containing two short inverted repeat (IRa and IRb) regions of 25,701 bp, which was separated by a large single copy (LSC) region of 84,938 bp and a small single copy (SSC) region of 17,870 bp. The GC content of the whole chloroplast genome was 38.1%. The chloroplast DNA of C. formosana comprised 113 genes, including 79 protein-coding genes, 4 ribosomal RNA genes, and 30 transfer RNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the genus Callicarpa L. was located in the basal position within the family Verbenaceae. The chloroplast genome (cpDNA) of C. formosana was closely related to Callicarpa nudiflora.

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The complete chloroplast genome of Melicope pteleifolia (Rutaceae), a traditional medicinal plant in Southeast China.

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The complete chloroplast genome sequence of the medicinal plant Salvia miltiorrhiza.

Project description:Salvia miltiorrhiza is an important medicinal plant with great economic and medicinal value. The complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequence of Salvia miltiorrhiza, the first sequenced member of the Lamiaceae family, is reported here. The genome is 151,328 bp in length and exhibits a typical quadripartite structure of the large (LSC, 82,695 bp) and small (SSC, 17,555 bp) single-copy regions, separated by a pair of inverted repeats (IRs, 25,539 bp). It contains 114 unique genes, including 80 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNAs and four rRNAs. The genome structure, gene order, GC content and codon usage are similar to the typical angiosperm cp genomes. Four forward, three inverted and seven tandem repeats were detected in the Salvia miltiorrhiza cp genome. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) analysis among the 30 asterid cp genomes revealed that most SSRs are AT-rich, which contribute to the overall AT richness of these cp genomes. Additionally, fewer SSRs are distributed in the protein-coding sequences compared to the non-coding regions, indicating an uneven distribution of SSRs within the cp genomes. Entire cp genome comparison of Salvia miltiorrhiza and three other Lamiales cp genomes showed a high degree of sequence similarity and a relatively high divergence of intergenic spacers. Sequence divergence analysis discovered the ten most divergent and ten most conserved genes as well as their length variation, which will be helpful for phylogenetic studies in asterids. Our analysis also supports that both regional and functional constraints affect gene sequence evolution. Further, phylogenetic analysis demonstrated a sister relationship between Salvia miltiorrhiza and Sesamum indicum. The complete cp genome sequence of Salvia miltiorrhiza reported in this paper will facilitate population, phylogenetic and cp genetic engineering studies of this medicinal plant.

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