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Maturation and persistence of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 memory B cell response.

ABSTRACT: Memory B cells play a fundamental role in host defenses against viruses, but to date, their role has been relatively unsettled in the context of SARS-CoV-2. We report here a longitudinal single-cell and repertoire profiling of the B cell response up to 6 months in mild and severe COVID-19 patients. Distinct SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific activated B cell clones fueled an early antibody-secreting cell burst as well as a durable synchronous germinal center response. While highly mutated memory B cells, including pre-existing cross-reactive seasonal Betacoronavirus-specific clones, were recruited early in the response, neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 RBD-specific clones accumulated with time and largely contributed to the late, remarkably stable, memory B cell pool. Highlighting germinal center maturation, these cells displayed clear accumulation of somatic mutations in their variable region genes over time. Overall, these findings demonstrate that an antigen-driven activation persisted and matured up to 6 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection and may provide long-term protection.

SUBMITTER: Sokal A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7994111 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Persistence of IgG response to SARS-CoV-2.

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Control of complement-induced inflammatory responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection by anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies

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Germinal centre-driven maturation of B cell response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination

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| S-EPMC8575138 | biostudies-literature

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Persistence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies: immunoassay heterogeneity and implications for serosurveillance.

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Project description: Not available

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Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 N-Antibody Response in Healthcare Workers, London, UK.

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2022-01-30 | GSE195673 | GEO

SARS-CoV-2 persistence in immunocompromised children.

Project description:ObjectivesWe evaluated the length of time immunocompromised children (ICC) remain positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), identified factors associated with viral persistence, and determined cycle threshold (CT ) values of children with viral persistence as a surrogate of viral load.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of ICC at a pediatric hospital from March 2020 to March 2021. Immunocompromised status was defined as primary, secondary, or acquired due to medical comorbidities/immunosuppressive treatment. The primary outcome was time to first of two consecutive negative SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests at least 24 hours apart. Testing of sequential clinical specimens from the same subject was conducted using the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) 2019-nCoV real-time reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR Diagnostic Panel assay. Descriptive statistics, Kaplan-Meier curve median event times and log-rank tests were used to compare outcomes between groups.ResultsNinety-one children met inclusion criteria. Median age was 15.5 years (interquartile range [IQR] 8-18), 64% were male, 58% were White, and 43% were Hispanic/Latinx. Most (67%) were tested in outpatient settings and 58% were asymptomatic. The median time to two negative tests was 42 days (IQR 25.0-55.0), with no differences in median time by illness presentation or level of immunosuppression. Seven children had more than one sample available for repeat testing, and five of seven (71%) children had initial CT values of <30 (moderate to high viral load); four children had CT values of <30, 3-4 weeks later, suggesting persistent moderate to high viral loads.ConclusionsMost ICC with SARS-CoV-2 infection had mild disease, with prolonged viral persistence >6 weeks and moderate to high viral load.

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