Clinical Usefulness of Anthropometric Indices to Predict the Presence of Prediabetes. Data from the ILERVAS Cohort.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Sanchez M
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8003825 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:To compare different anthropometric indices, Body composition analysis and lipid profile markers in terms of their ability to predict prediabetes (PD).We enrolled 83 subjects with PD and 84 normoglycemic subjects who were matched for age and gender. The diagnosis of prediabetes was done according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria. All subjects were aged between 30-55 years of age and visited the outpatient department of tertiary care hospital. Anthropometric and lipid profile measurements were obtained. Analysis of body composition was done using Bodystat 1500MDD Instrument. Backward logistic regression was performed for detecting the predictors of PD. A receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) with area under curve (AUC) was utilized for the accuracy of the predictors of PD.Comparison of anthropometric measurement and body composition analysis parameters between the two groups showed that Waist circumference (WC), Body mass index, Body Fat% were significantly higher whereas Extracellular water and Dry lean weight in percentage (ECW% and DLW%) were found to be lower in PD (p< 0.05). Higher triglyceride (TG) levels and lower high-density cholesterol (HDL-C) with high TG/HDL-C were seen in subjects with PD. Backward logistic regression analysis found the combination of Body Fat % with WC, TG, ECW% and DLW% as strong predictors of PD. In ROC analysis, ECW% (AUC = 0.703) was the most predictive measure, followed by WC (AUC = 0.702).This study demonstrated that estimation of Body Fat % combined with waist circumference, Extracellular water and Dry lean weight in percentage are valuable in screening and diagnosis of prediabetes. Plasma levels of TG in lipid profile measurements can also serve as an additional marker for prediction of prediabetes.
| S-EPMC6095495 | biostudies-other
Project description:Despite several papers having been published on the association between adiposity and the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS), it is still difficult to determine unambiguously which of the indices of nutritional status is the best to identify MetS. The aim of this study was to analyze the ability of six anthropometric indices to identify MetS in the Polish population. The highest odds ratios for the occurrence of MetS, according to International Diabetes Federation (IDF), were noted for the following indices: waist-to-height ratio (WHtR, OR = 24.87) and Clínica Universidad de Navarra-body adiposity estimator (CUN-BAE, OR = 17.47) in men and WHtR (OR = 25.61) and body roundness index (BRI, OR = 16.44) in women. The highest odds ratios for the modified definition of MetS (without waist circumference) were found for the following indices: WHtR (OR = 7.32), BRI (OR = 6.57), and CUN-BAE (OR = 6.12) in women and CUN-BAE (OR = 5.83), WHtR (OR = 5.70), and body mass index (BMI, OR = 5.65) in men (p < 0.001 for all). According to the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analyses conducted for the identification of MetS, defined in accordance with IDF, the largest areas under the curve (AUCs) in men were observed for WHtR and CUN-BAE indices, whereas in women, they were observed for WHtR and BRI. In the analysis carried out for the identification of MetS (according to modified definition, without waist circumference), the AUCs were larger for WHtR and BRI in women, while in men, they were larger for CUN-BAE, BMI, and WHtR. BMI was also characterized by a relatively strong discriminatory power in identifying individuals with MetS. An optimal cut-off point for MetS, in accordance with the conventional definition, for both sexes was the value of BMI = 27.2 kg/m2. The weakest predictor of the syndrome was the ABSI (a body shape index) indicator. The most useful anthropometric indicator for the identification of MetS, both in men and in women in the Polish population, was WHtR. The optimal cut-off points for WHtR equaled 0.56 in men and 0.54 in women.
| S-EPMC6893758 | biostudies-literature
Project description:There is a close relationship between lifestyle behaviors and excess adiposity. Although body mass index (BMI) is the most used approach to estimate excess weight, other anthropometric indices have been developed to measure total body and abdominal adiposity. However, little is known about the impact of physical activity and adherence to a Mediterranean diet on these indices. Here we report the results of a cross-sectional study with 6672 middle-aged subjects with low to moderate cardiovascular risk from the Ilerda Vascular (ILERVAS) project. The participants' adherence to physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form) and MedDiet (Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener) was evaluated. Measures of total adiposity (BMI, Clínica Universidad de Navarra-Body Adiposity Estimator (CUN-BAE), and Deurenberg's formula), central adiposity (waist and neck circumferences, conicity index, waist to height ratio, Bonora's equation, A body adiposity index, and body roundness index), and lean body mass (Hume formula) were assessed. Irrespective of sex, lower indices of physical activity were associated with higher values of total body fat and central adiposity. This result was constant regardless of the indices used to estimate adiposity. However, the association between MedDiet and obesity indices was much less marked and more dependent on sex than that observed for physical activity. Lean body mass was influenced by neither physical activity nor MedDiet adherence. No joint effect between physical activity and MedDiet to lower estimated total or central adiposity indices was shown. In conclusion, physical activity is related to lower obesity indices in a large cohort of middle-aged subjects. MedDiet showed a slight impact on estimated anthropometric indices, with no joint effect when considering both lifestyle variables. ClinTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03228459.
| S-EPMC6627626 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesThis study aims to assess the prevalence of hypertension (HTN), and determine the relationship between HTN and anthropometric indices including fat distribution, body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) in Shiraz Heart Study.SettingIn this cross-sectional study, subjects were enrolled in 25 clinics in Shiraz. I.R. Iran between 2019 and 2021.ParticipantsA total number of 7225 individuals were selected, aged between 40 and 70 years of whom 52.3% were female. Among the people living in Shiraz, individuals living far from clinics, cases of mental or physical disabilitiy and documented cardiovascular diseases were excluded.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrimary outcome: The association of body composition, WHR, WHtR and BMI with HTN.Secondary outcomeThe sensitivity and specificity of the WHtR for the prediction of HTN.ResultsHTN prevalence was 19.3%. Obesity prevalence was estimated to be 28.5%. WHR and lean body mass showed a significant association with HTN (p<0.05). Receiver operating characteristic for WHtR yielded an area under the curve of 0.62 (95% CI 0.61 to 0.64) and 0.63 (95% CI 0.62 to 0.65) for males and females, respectively. The optimal threshold value yielded 0.54 in men and 0.61 in women. The sensitivity was 72.3% and 73.9% in women and men, with specificity of 48.4% and 44.3%, respectively.ConclusionHTN had a meaningful association with all the noted anthropometric indices. WHtR performed well as a predictor of HTN.
| S-EPMC9685002 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Prediabetes has recently been associated with subclinical atheromatous disease in the middle-aged population. Our aim was to characterize atheromatous plaque burden by the number of affected territories and the total plaque area in the prediabetes stage. METHODS:Atheromatous plaque burden (quantity of plaques and total plaque area) was assessed in 12 territories from the carotid and femoral regions using ultrasonography in 6688 non-diabetic middle-aged subjects without cardiovascular disease. Prediabetes was defined by glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) between 5.7 and 6.4% according to the American Diabetes Association guidelines. RESULTS:Prediabetes was diagnosed in 33.9% (n = 2269) of the ILERVAS participants. Subjects with prediabetes presented a higher prevalence of subclinical atheromatous disease than participants with HbA1c < 5.7% (70.4 vs. 67.5%, p = 0.017). In the population with prediabetes this was observed at the level of the carotid territory (p < 0.001), but not in the femoral arteries. Participants in the prediabetes stage also presented a significantly higher number of affected territories (2 [1;3] vs. 1 [0;3], p = 0.002), with a positive correlation between HbA1c levels and the number of affected territories (r = 0.068, p < 0.001). However, atheromatosis was only significantly (p = 0.016) magnified by prediabetes in those subjects with 3 or more cardiovascular risk factors. The multivariable logistic regression model showed that the well-established cardiovascular risk factors together with HbA1c were independently associated with the presence of atheromatous disease in participants with prediabetes. When males and females were analyzed separately, we found that only men with prediabetes presented both carotid and femoral atherosclerosis, as well as an increase of total plaque area in comparison with non-prediabetic subjects. CONCLUSIONS:The prediabetes stage is accompanied by an increased subclinical atheromatous disease only in the presence of other cardiovascular risk factors. Prediabetes modulates the atherogenic effect of cardiovascular risk factors in terms of distribution and total plaque area in a sex-dependent manner. Trial registration NCT03228459 (clinicaltrials.gov).
| S-EPMC6857207 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Recent decades have seen a dramatic rise in the prevalence of obesity. While genetic factors can influence obesity, environmental factors and lifestyle may play important roles as well. Sleep can be regarded as one of these factors. This study aimed to examine sleep duration, as a potential risk factor for obesity in an Iranian population. In this cross-sectional study, the Fasa PERSIAN cohort study data was used and 10,136 subjects aged 35-70 were entered. Anthropometrics indices have been measured and the total body fat percentage (BFP) was obtained by Bio-Impedance Analysis. Also, physical activity and dietary intake have been recorded. Sleep duration was obtained and individuals categorized into two groups of "< 8" and "≥ 8" h of sleep. The mean age and sleep duration of the participants were 48.63 ± 9.57 years and 6.92 ± 1.62 h in the total population, respectively. All of the anthropometric indices were significantly higher in the "< 8 h of sleep" group than in the "≥ 8 h of sleep" group. Regarding BFP and fat mass index (FMI) the same results was seen (p-value < 0.05). Body mass index (BMI), Waist and hip circumferences (WC, HC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were in a significant negative association with night time sleep (p-value < 0.001), while these associations with daytime napping were positive (p-value < 0.001). After multi-variable adjusting, BMI, WC, HC, WHtR, and wrist circumference showed significant negative associations with 24-h sleep duration (p-value < 0.05). This study established the association between nocturnal, daytime napping, 24-h sleep duration and obesity parameters. Daytime napping was positively associated with obesity parameters and short 24-h sleep duration was associated with higher risk of overweight/obesity. These results indicate that insufficient sleep can be a screening indicator for an unhealthy lifestyle and poor health outcomes.
| S-EPMC8355308 | biostudies-literature
Project description:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate intergenerational change in anthropometric indices of children and their predictors. DESIGN:Prospective cohort. PARTICIPANTS:New Delhi Birth Cohort participants (F1), born between 1969 and 1972, were followed-up for anthropometry at birth and 6-monthly intervals until 21 years. Their children (F2) below 10 years were evaluated anthropometrically. OUTCOME MEASURE:Intergenerational change (F2-F1) in height, weight and body mass index (BMI) of children in comparison to their parents at corresponding ages. RESULTS:432 F2-F1 pairs were analyzed in age-groups of 0-5 (26.9%) and 5-10 (73.1%) years. Children were considerably taller (0-5 years 0.99 SD; 5-10 years 1.17 SD) and heavier (0-5 years 0.77 SD; 5-10 years 1.52 SD) while only those aged 5-10 years were broader (had a higher BMI; 1.03 SD), than their parents. These increases for 0-5 and 5-10 years, respectively corresponded to 3.9 and 6.4 cm for height, 1.3 and 5.4 kg for weight and 0.2 and 1.9 kg/m2 for BMI. Lower parents' anthropometric indices and poor water supply and sanitation facilities; higher age of parents at child birth and of children when measured (for height and weight); and more parental education (for weight and BMI), were associated with greater intergenerational gains in children. CONCLUSION:Over one generation in an urban middle-class population, whose general living conditions had improved, under-five children have become considerably taller and heavier, and 5-10 year old children have additionally become broader, than their parents at corresponding ages. Child populations probably 'grow up' before 'growing out'.
| S-EPMC5460749 | biostudies-literature
Project description:There is controversial information about the accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in obesity. We assessed the impact of total and abdominal adiposity on AGE levels via a cross-sectional investigation with 4254 middle-aged subjects from the ILERVAS project. Skin autofluorescence (SAF), a non-invasive assessment of subcutaneous AGEs, was measured. Total adiposity indices (BMI and Clínica Universidad de Navarra-Body Adiposity Estimator (CUN-BAE)) and abdominal adiposity (waist circumference and body roundness index (BRI)) were assessed. Lean mass was estimated using the Hume index. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was evaluated for each index. Different cardiovascular risk factors (smoking, prediabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia) were evaluated. In the study population, 26.2% showed elevated SAF values. No differences in total body fat, visceral adiposity and lean body mass were detected between patients with normal and high SAF values. SAF levels showed a very slight but positive correlation with total body fat percentage (estimated by the CUN-BAE formula) and abdominal adiposity (estimated by the BRI). However, none of them had sufficient power to identify patients with high SAF levels (area under the ROC curve <0.52 in all cases). Finally, a progressive increase in SAF levels was observed in parallel with cardiovascular risk factors in the entire population and when patients with normal weight, overweight and obesity were evaluated separately. In conclusion, total obesity and visceral adiposity are not associated with a greater deposit of AGE. The elevation of AGE in obesity is related to the presence of cardiometabolic risk.
| S-EPMC9824455 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Objectives:Dietary phenylalanine restriction is the main treatment of phenylketonuria (PKU, OMIM 261600). There are a number of studies which have demonstrated growth retardation in these patients, and some are in contrast. This study was performed to assess the growth parameters of treated PKU patients. Materials & Methods:This cross-sectional study was performed between 2015 and 2017 to compare growth indices in PKU patients in our clinics with normal age and sex matched controls. Weight, height, head circumference (HC), weight for height and BMI (weight/height2) were measured and converted into Z-scores. We assessed differences between patients and controls' anthropometric indexes in all patients and separately in patients who were diagnosed by newborn screening program and patients who were diagnosed after presentation of clinical manifestations in comparison with age and sex-matched controls. Also, this difference was assessed separately in patients aged two years and less. Correlations between pretreatment plasma phenylalanine concentrations mean plasma phenylalanine concentrations and anthropometric parameters were analyzed in the patients. Results:Overall, 209 under-treatment PKU patients (103 males, 106 females; mean age 9.29 ± 8.7 years) and 216 controls (109 males and 107 females; mean age 8.98 ± 8.62 years) matched in terms of age, sex and birth weight were enrolled in this study. In general, 130 patients were diagnosed by newborn screening and 79 were diagnosed when they became symptomatic before the screening program. A significant difference (p=0.000) was found only in HC z-score and weight for height z-score in comparison with the control group, when we assessed all patients. We did not find any significant differences in any of the anthropometric indexes between cases and controls who were aged 2 years old and less. Head circumference SDS and weight for height SDS were significantly different when patients and controls who were more than 2 years old were compared. Mean HC was significantly lower in patients, while BMI SDS, weight SDS, and weight for height SDS were significantly higher in PKU patients in comparison with the control group when patients who were diagnosed in newborn screening were assessed. Head circumference SDS, BMI, height SDS and difference between patients' height SDS and mid parental height SDS had significantly lower mean scores in comparison with those of the control group, while mean weight SDS was significantly higher compared to controls when patients who were diagnosed after clinical presentation were assessed. Mean phenylalanine was not correlated with anthropometric indices, while there was a correlation between pretreatment phenylalanine and HC. Conclusion:Disparities in anthropometric indexes changes observed in different studies may be due to diverse diet protocols, availability of various specific products and micronutrient substitutes.
| S-EPMC7085128 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC11345168 | biostudies-literature