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Changes in Phenolic Metabolites and Biological Activities of Pumpkin Leaves (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne ex Poir.) During Blanching.

ABSTRACT: Pumpkin leaves (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne ex Poir.) are popularly consumed in Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. Blanching the leaves before drying is a method of preservation during off-season. In this study, different blanching treatments and media are used to test the changes in non-targeted phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity (FRAP and ABTS activity), in vitro α-glucosidase activity and cell cytotoxicity of pumpkin leaves. Steam blanching in plain water led to the highest retention of total phenolic content and reduced the loss of quercetin 3-glucoside 7-rhamnoside (Rutin), kaempferol 7-neohesperidoside, isoorientin 2″-O-rhamnoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin 3-galactoside, coumaroyl glucaric acid, isorhamnetin-3-galactoside-6″-rhamnoside, 2-caffeoylisocitric acid, quercetin 3-galactoside 7-rhamnoside by (3.04%), (7.37%), (10.65%), (10.97%), (14.88%), (16.1%), (16.73%), (18.88%), and (23.15%), respectively, and coumaroyl isocitrate increased by 14.92%. Candidate markers, 2-O-caffeoylglucaric acid, 2-(E)-O-feruloyl-D-galactaric acid, quercetin 3-galactoside 7-rhamnoside (rutin) and unidentified compounds ([(M-H) 677.28 and at RT 21.78] were responsible for the separation of the steam blanched samples in plain water from the other blanching treatments. Steam blanching in plain water increased the antioxidant capacity (FRAP and ABTS activity). There were no cytotoxic effect or inhibitory effect of α-glucosidase activity detected in the raw or blanched pumpkin leaves. Thus, this study recommends steam blanching in plain water for African cuisine, and confirms it is safe to consume pumpkin leaves frequently.

SUBMITTER: Mashitoa FM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8005549 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Influence of Different Types of Drying Methods on Color Properties, Phenolic Metabolites and Bioactivities of Pumpkin Leaves of var. Butternut squash (<i>Cucurbita moschata</i> Duchesne ex Poir).

Project description:Leaves of pumpkin species var. Butternut squash (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne ex Poir) is a popularly consumed leafy vegetable in the Southern African region. Traditional vegetables are commonly sun-dried as a method of postharvest preservation during the off-season. However, different drying methods affect the superior quality, functional properties, and bioactivities of the final product. Therefore, in this study, var. Butternut squash (C. moschata) underwent different drying methods, such as freeze-, oven, sun-, solar, and microwave drying to evaluate the color properties, pigments, phenolic metabolites, in vitro antioxidants, and antidiabetic activities. Results indicate that freeze-drying retained the total chlorophyll content with green color by reducing the color difference (ΔE), improved the concentration of different phenolic metabolites and the content of ascorbic acid, and enhanced the FRAP, ABTS activities and the inhibitory effects of α-glucosidase, and α-amylase. Freeze-dried leaves contained the highest concentrations of quercetin 3-glucoside 7-rhamnoside (rutin), quercetin 3-galactoside, isorhamnetin-3-galactoside-6″-rhamnoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside compared with the leaves that underwent four other drying treatments and raw leaves. The OPLS-DA and the UPLC-QTOF/MS and chemometric approach showed that the peak at m/z 609, 1441 (quercetin 3-galactoside 7-rhamnoside) separated the freeze-dried leaves of var. Butternut squash (C. moschata) from the other four drying treatments. Therefore, freeze-drying is highly recommended to obtain good quality leaf powders that are rich in functional compounds and bioactive properties for use as functional ingredients.

| S-EPMC8275642 | biostudies-literature

Transcriptome profiling of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch.) leaves infected with powdery mildew.

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Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) HSP20 Gene Family Identification and Expression Under Heat Stress

Project description:Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) is an important cucurbit vegetable crop that has strong resistance to abiotic stress. While heat shock protein 20 (HSP20) has been implicated in vegetable response to heat stress, little is known regarding activity of HSP20 family proteins in C. moschata. Here, we performed a comprehensive genome-wide analysis to identify and characterize the functional dynamics of the Cucurbita moschata HSP20 (CmoHSP20) gene family. A total of 33 HSP20 genes distributed across 13 chromosomes were identified from the pumpkin genome. Our phylogenetic analysis determined that the CmoHSP20 proteins fell into nine distinct subfamilies, a division supported by the conserved motif composition and gene structure analyses. Segmental duplication events were shown to play a key role in expansion of the CmoHSP20 gene family. Synteny analysis revealed that 19 and 18 CmoHSP20 genes were collinear with those in the cucumber and melon genomes, respectively. Furthermore, the expression levels of pumpkin HSP20 genes were differentially induced by heat stress. The transcript level of CmoHSP20-16, 24 and 25 were down-regulated by heat stress, while CmoHSP20-7, 13, 18, 22, 26 and 32 were up-regulated by heat stress, which could be used as heat tolerance candidate genes. Overall, these findings contribute to our understanding of vegetable HSP20 family genes and provide valuable information that can be used to breed heat stress resistance in cucurbit vegetable crops.

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| S-EPMC5630576 | biostudies-literature

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| S-EPMC7557022 | biostudies-literature

Pro-Osteogenic Properties of Violina pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) Leaf Extracts: Data from In Vitro Human Primary Cell Cultures.

Project description:Traditional medicines rely mainly on use of plant extracts to mitigate or treat a wide range of disorders, including those that affect skeletal homeostasis. In this study, we investigated for the first time the potential pro-osteogenic effects of hexane, acetone and methanol extracts of the leaves of Cucurbita moschata, a very popular pumpkin cultivar in Western countries. We found that in Cucurbita moschata leaves, there are acetone-extractable substances-in particular, fatty acids such as 13-OH-9Z,11E,15E-octadecatrienoic acid (PU-13OH-FA), which is capable of both stimulating the function of human primary osteoblasts, which are responsible for bone formation, and inhibiting the differentiation of human osteoclasts, which are responsible for bone resorption. This dual effect was monitored by analyzing Runx2 expression, deposition of mineralized matrix, ALP activity, TRAP and actin ring staining respectively. This study suggests that bioactive chemicals from Cucurbita moschata leaves are potentially suitable as therapeutics for managing metabolic bone disorders such as osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis, and promoting tissue healing and functional recovery after bone fractures. The data we obtained increase knowledge on the biological activities of Cucurbita moschata, and in particular underline the potential benefits of consuming leaves which are a part of the plant currently little considered in the Western world.

| S-EPMC8399764 | biostudies-literature

New 8-C-p-Hydroxylbenzylflavonol Glycosides from Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch.) Tendril and Their Osteoclast Differentiation Inhibitory Activities.

Project description:Six new 8-C-p-hydroxybenzylflavonol glycosides were isolated from a hot water extract of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch.) tendril and elucidated as 8-C-p-hydroxybenzylquercetin 3-O-rutinoside, 8-C-p-hydroxybenzoylquercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, 8-C-p-hydroxybenzylkaempferol 3-O-(α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-galactopyranoside, 8-C-p-hydroxybenzoylkaempferol 3-O-rutinoside, 8-C-p-hydroxybenzylisorhamnetin 3-O-rutinoside, and 8-C-p-hydroxybenzylisorhamnetin 3-O-(α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-galactopyranoside. Their chemical structures were determined using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electrospray ionization-mass spectrometer (ESIMS) analyses. The 8-C-p-hydroxybenzylflavonol glycosides were found to inhibit the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation of bone marrow derived macrophage (BMDM), an osteoclast progenitor. Additionally, 8-C-p-hydroxybenzylflavonol glycosides effectively reduced the expression of osteoclast-related genes, such as tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, cathepsin K, nuclear factor activated T-cell cytoplasmic 1, and dendritic cell specific transmembrane protein in RANKL-treated BMDMs. These results indicate that the 8-C-p-hydroxybenzylflavonol glycosides may be the main components responsible for the osteoclast differentiation inhibitory effect of pumpkin tendril.

| S-EPMC7248980 | biostudies-literature

GWAS Reveals a Novel Candidate Gene CmoAP2/ERF in Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) Involved in Resistance to Powdery Mildew

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| S-EPMC9223685 | biostudies-literature

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