Tula Virus as Causative Agent of Hantavirus Disease in Immunocompetent Person, Germany.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Hofmann J
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8007307 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Hantavirus species Tula (TULV) is carried by European common voles (Microtus spp.). Its pathogenic potential for humans is unknown. In a rural region of northeast Germany, a 43-year-old man became ill with fever, renal syndrome, and pneumonia. Typing of late acute- and convalescent-phase sera by focus reduction neutralization assay revealed the presence of neutralizing antibodies against TULV. Moreover, we detected TULV genetic material in Microtus arvalis animals that were trapped at places only a few kilometers from the home village of the patient. Phylogenetic analysis of completely sequenced genomic S segments from three virus strains grouped them within a third genetic lineage of the TULV species. This is the first case of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and pulmonary involvement which can be associated with TULV infection.
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Project description:To examine the evolution of Tula hantavirus (TUL), carried by the European common vole (Microtus arvalis and M. rossiaemeridionalis), we have analyzed genetic variants from Slovakia, the country where the virus is endemic. Phylogenetic analysis (PHYLIP) based on either partial (nucleotides [nt] 441 to 898) or complete N-protein-encoding sequences divided Slovakian TUL variants into two main lineages: (i) strains from eastern Slovakia, which clustered with Russian strains, and (ii) strains from western Slovakia situated closer to those from the Czech Republic. We found genetic diversity of 19% between the two groups and 4% within the western Slovakian TUL strains. Phylogenetic analysis of the 3' noncoding region (3'-NCR), however, placed the eastern Slovakian strains closer to those from western Slovakia and the Czech Republic, with a greater distance to the Russian strains, suggesting a recombinant nature of the S segment in the eastern Slovakian TUL lineage. A bootscan search of the S-segment sequences of TUL strains revealed at least two recombination points in the S sequences of eastern Slovakian TUL strains (nt 400 to 415 and around 1200) which agreed well with the pattern of amino acid substitutions in the N protein and deletions/insertions in the 3'-NCR of the S segment. These data suggest that homologous recombination events occurred in the evolution of hantaviruses.
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Project description:Hantaviruses (family Bunyaviridae) are rodent-borne emerging viruses that cause a serious, worldwide threat to human health. Hantavirus diseases include hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome. Virions are enveloped and contain a tripartite single-stranded negative-sense RNA genome. Two types of glycoproteins, G(N) and G(C), are embedded in the viral membrane and form protrusions, or "spikes." The membrane encloses a ribonucleoprotein core, which consists of the RNA segments, the nucleocapsid protein, and the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Detailed information on hantavirus virion structure and glycoprotein spike composition is scarce. Here, we have studied the structures of Tula hantavirus virions using electron cryomicroscopy and tomography. Three-dimensional density maps show how the hantavirus surface glycoproteins, membrane, and ribonucleoprotein are organized. The structure of the G(N)-G(C) spike complex was solved to 3.6-nm resolution by averaging tomographic subvolumes. Each spike complex is a square-shaped assembly with 4-fold symmetry. Spike complexes formed ordered patches on the viral membrane by means of specific lateral interactions. These interactions may be sufficient for creating membrane curvature during virus budding. In conclusion, the structure and assembly principles of Tula hantavirus exemplify a unique assembly paradigm for enveloped viruses.
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Project description:Genomic sequences of Tula (TULV) hantavirus were recovered from tissue samples of European common voles Microtus arvalis (subspecies obscurus) captured in Kazakhstan, Central Asia. Phylogenetic analysis of the S genomic segment of Kazakh TULV strains showed that they form distinct, well supported genetic lineage and share a more ancient common ancestor with two Russian lineages of TULV. The deduced sequence of the nucleocapsid (N) protein of Kazakh TULV strains carried specific amino acid signature: T274Q276T281. The Microtus arvalis group includes several sibling species and/or subspecies in Eurasia, indicating recent and ongoing evolutionary radiation. Our data on TULV lineages in Central Asia, the region not studied for hantaviruses earlier, highlight the diversity of both Microtus host and the virus and also their co-evolution.
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Project description:We used an in vitro model to study the impact of hantavirus infection on the cellular gene expression profile. To do so, A549 cells were infected with pathogenic DOBV genotypes Dobrava, Kurkino, and Sochi and less-pathogenic TULV . A549 cells were chosen because of their high susceptibility towards hantavirus infection and because many fundamental studies on hantavirus biology and on host gene expression changes following infection have been performed with this cell line. Cells were infected at a high multiplicity of infection of 5 focus forming units (FFU) per cell to guarantee uniform infection of all cells. Total RNA from infected and mock-infected control cells was isolated at 12 h post infection. This point of time was chosen to allow enough time for establishment of infection and progression to early viral gene expression but to avoid the risk of missing gene expression changes associated with the onset of the cellular innate immune response towards infection. The distinct modulation of cellular transcription of A549 cells was analyzed by means of a whole genome cRNA microarray. All experiments were performed in duplicate using RNA samples from two independently infected cell cultures for each analysis. To compare the gene expression profiles, ratios were calculated by dividing the merged normalized signal intensities of infected samples by mock-control signal intensities. Genes that exhibited a ≥2-fold change (FC) in gene expression and signal intensities that were significantly above the background with p-values ≤ 0.01 were chosen for further analysis. The successful infection of A549 cells with all viruses and the uniform progression of infection were confirmed by immunofluorescence microscopy of cells infected in parallel. At 12 h post infection with each virus nearly all cells were infected without showing cytopathic effects. Since different clinical courses are caused by infection with distinct DOBV genotypes, genotype-specific regulation of cellular transcripts were investigated that may be crucial for pathogenesis in vitro. Selected infection regulated candidates were verified by qPCR at different time points after infection.
2015-11-01 | GSE73410 | GEO