Dataset Information

Self-Reference Effect Induced by Self-Cues Presented During Retrieval.

ABSTRACT: The self-reference effect (SRE) refers to better memory for self-relevant than for other-relevant information. Generally, the SRE is found in conditions in which links between the stimuli and the self are forged in the encoding phase. To investigate the possibility that such conditions are not prerequisites for the SRE, this research developed two conditions by using two recognition tasks involving abstract geometric shapes (AGSs). One was the cue-in-encoding condition in which self- and other-cues were presented to construct links with AGSs during the encoding phase, and the other was the cue-in-retrieval condition in which self- and other-cues were presented to construct links with AGSs during the retrieval phase. The SRE was found in both conditions. The findings reveal that self-cues merely presented during the retrieval phase are sufficient to induce the SRE. Links between the stimuli and the self constructed during the encoding phase may not be necessary prerequisites for the SRE.

SUBMITTER: He L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8007774 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Self-Reference Effect Induced by Self-Cues Presented During Retrieval.

He Liguo L Han Wei W Shi Zhan Z

Frontiers in psychology 20210316

The self-reference effect (SRE) refers to better memory for self-relevant than for other-relevant information. Generally, the SRE is found in conditions in which links between the stimuli and the self are forged in the encoding phase. To investigate the possibility that such conditions are not prerequisites for the SRE, this research developed two conditions by using two recognition tasks involving abstract geometric shapes (AGSs). One was the cue-in-encoding condition in which self- and other-c ...[more]

PMID: 33796037

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Project description:ObjectiveTo study pain in women undergoing oocyte retrieval with a reduced needle (20/17 gauge) compared to a standard needle (16 gauge).DesignSingle-center randomized controlled trial.SettingFertility clinic.PatientsWomen undergoing their first oocyte retrieval for in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection.InterventionsOocyte retrieval with a reduced needle (20/17 gauge) or with a standard needle (16 gauge).Main outcome measuresThe primary outcome measure was intraoperative pain on an 11-point visual analogue scale (VAS). Secondary outcome measures included the following: dosage of fentanyl requested; pain at 5, 15 and 30 minutes after retrieval; and pain and analgesia until 4 days after retrieval.ResultsA total of 47 women were randomized for the reduced needle (RN) and 48 for the standard needle (SN). Pain scores were significantly lower during and after retrieval with the RN. During retrieval, mean VAS scores in the RN group were 4.3 versus 6.3 in the SN group. Pain remained significantly lower in the RN group after retrieval, with VAS-scores of 1.2 vs. 2.1 directly after retrieval, 0.0 versus 2.0 5 minutes after retrieval, and 0.0 versus 1.0 30 minutes after retrieval. In the RN group, three patients (6.4%) requested more fentanyl during the procedure, versus 16 (33.3%) in the SN group. A total of 79 patients submitted their follow-up questionnaire (response rate 83%). Pain on the first 2 days following retrieval was significantly less in the RN group, with VAS scores of 1.6 versus 2.4 in the SN group, and 1.2 versus 2.5. In line with this finding, fewer patients in the RN group took analgesia on the days after the procedure. This difference was statistically significant only on day 3.ConclusionUse of a thinner needle results in significantly and clinically relevant lower pain scores during oocyte retrieval, and patients in the reduced needle group requested significantly less analgesia during oocyte retrieval than patients in the standard needle group. Pain scores remained significantly lower up until 2 days after the procedure.Dutch trial registration numberNTR6064 (www.trialregister.nl).

Dataset Information

Self-Reference Effect Induced by Self-Cues Presented During Retrieval.

Publications

Self-Reference Effect Induced by Self-Cues Presented During Retrieval.

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