Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

19 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Effect of a struvite dissolution diet in cats with naturally occurring struvite urolithiasis.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

The aim of the study was to determine the efficacy of the low struvite relative supersaturation diet in dissolution of feline struvite cystoliths.

Methods

This was a prospective, open-label, two-center study. Twelve client-owned cats were enrolled based on the radiographic appearance of their uroliths and urinalysis parameters. Cats were fed the test diet exclusively for up to 56 days. Cats were radiographed every other week until radiographic evidence of dissolution occurred or the end of the study period was reached. Cats with radiographically apparent uroliths at the end of the study period underwent cystotomy for stone retrieval and analysis.

Results

Nine of the 12 cats completed the study. Eight experienced radiographic dissolution; seven of these had complete dissolution within the first month of treatment. One cat, whose owner declined cystotomy after partial dissolution at day 56, had complete radiographic resolution at 70 days of treatment. Two calcium oxalate urolith cores were removed from a cat that had partial radiographic dissolution.

Conclusions and relevance

The test diet was successful in dissolving suspected struvite cystoliths. As this diet is suitable for maintenance feeding of adult cats, it may be a suitable choice for long-term prevention of feline struvite urolithiasis.

SUBMITTER: Tefft KM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8008402 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Similar Datasets

Urine hemojuvelin in cats with naturally occurring kidney disease.

Project description:BackgroundSoluble-type hemojuvelin in serum and urine has been shown to be a biomarker in humans for chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injury (AKI). No similar research has been conducted on cats.ObjectiveUrine hemojuvelin (u-hemojuvelin) can be used as a clinical indicator for cats with various renal diseases.AnimalsEighteen healthy cats, 10 cats with AKI, 21 cats with acute-on-chronic kidney injury (ACKI), and 45 cats with CKD were enrolled.MethodsThe expression profile of u-hemojuvelin was assessed by Western blot analysis, whereas the u-hemojuvelin concentration was measured using an in-house sandwich ELISA. Each cat's u-hemojuvelin-to-creatinine ratio (UHCR) also was determined.ResultsSignificant differences were found in both u-hemojuvelin concentration and UHCR between the control cats and the other cats (AKI, CKD, ACKI). Both u-hemojuvelin and UHCR had high areas under the receiver operator curve (AUROC) for diagnoses of AKI (u-hemojuvelin, 0.885; UHCR, 0.982), CKD (hemojuvelin, 0.869; UHCR, 0.959), and ACKI (hemojuvelin, 0.910; UHCR, 1). Late stage (International Renal Interest Society, IRIS stages 3 and 4) CKD cats had significantly higher u-hemojuvelin concentration and UHCR than did early stage cats (IRIS stages 1 and 2). Both u-hemojuvelin and UHCR were significantly correlated with high blood urea nitrogen, plasma creatinine, and plasma phosphate concentrations and with low hematocrit (Hct), red blood cell (RBC) count, and plasma albumin concentration. The UHCR values were also significantly correlated with white blood cell count in blood.ConclusionBoth u-hemojuvelin and UHCR potentially can serve as diagnostic indicators for a range of renal diseases in cats.

| S-EPMC7255673 | biostudies-literature

Analgesic efficacy of tramadol in cats with naturally occurring osteoarthritis.

Project description:ObjectivesThis study aimed to (1) compare outcome assessments in normal and osteoarthritic cats and (2) evaluate the analgesic efficacy of tramadol in feline osteoarthritis (OA), in a prospective, randomised, blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover design.MethodsTwenty cats were included after clinical examination, blood work and full body radiographs were performed. In Phase 1, outcome assessments aimed to differentiate normal (n = 5; i.e. exempt of any radiographic and clinical sign of OA) from OA (n = 15) cats. In Phase 2, OA cats were treated twice daily with a placebo (PG: cornstarch 15 mg) or tramadol (TG: 3 mg/kg) orally for 19 days, with a 3-month washout period between treatments. Evaluations were performed in normal and OA cats at baseline and consisted of: 1) peak vertical force (PVF) after staircase exercise; 2) telemetered night-time motor activity (NMA); and 3) response to mechanical temporal summation (RMTS). After treatment, PVF, NMA and RMTS evaluations were repeated in OA cats. Data were analysed with mixed model methods with an alpha-threshold of 5%.ResultsPhase 1: 1) PVF (% of body weight; mean ± SD) was higher in normal (59 ± 10.5) than in OA cats (50.6 ± 5.7) (p = 0.005); 2) NMA (no unit) was not different between groups; 3) RMTS (number of stimuli; median (range)) was higher in normal [29.5 (23.5-30)] than in OA cats [14 (8.5-28)] (p < 0.0001). Phase 2: PVF, NMA and RMTS presented a treatment effect (p = 0.024, p = 0.008 and p = 0.018, respectively). No clinically important adverse-effects were observed.ConclusionOutcome assessments such as kinetics (PVF) and evaluation of central sensitisation (RMTS) are discriminant of OA status. Mobility measured by NMA was not discriminant of OA status, however it increased in OA cats with tramadol treatment. Nociceptive hypersensitivity quantified by RMTS was evident in OA cats and was responsive to tramadol treatment.

| S-EPMC5389833 | biostudies-literature

Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin in Cats with Naturally Occurring Chronic Kidney Disease.

Project description:BackgroundNeutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a biomarker for the early prediction of renal damage and the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in humans and dogs.HypothesisNeutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin also may play a role in the progression of CKD in cats.AnimalsEighty CKD and 18 control cats.MethodsCats were categorized into different stages according to the International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) staging system. Urine and plasma samples were collected and tested for NGAL concentrations using an in-house sandwich ELISA system and urinary NGAL (uNGAL)-to-creatinine ratio (UNCR) was determined. Cats in which serum creatinine concentration increased by >0.5 mg/dL from baseline within 30 days were defined as exhibiting progression.ResultsThe urinary NGAL and UNCR of CKD cats were significantly higher than those of healthy cats (P < .05) and were highly correlated with serum creatinine concentration. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) for uNGAL, when predicting the progression of CKD, was 0.71 and the best cutoff value was 2.06 ng/mL with a sensitivity of 76.9% and a specificity of 75%. The AUROC for UNCR when predicting the progression of CKD was 0.79 and the best cutoff value was 4.08 × 10-6 with a sensitivity of 76.9% and specificity of 79.2%. Cats with UNCR values higher than their cutoffs experienced significantly faster deterioration with a median of 19 days.ConclusionsBoth urinary NGAL and UNCR are useful markers for the prediction of CKD progression in cats.

| S-EPMC5259624 | biostudies-literature

Evaluation of a dry therapeutic urinary diet and concurrent administration of antimicrobials for struvite cystolith dissolution in dogs.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Struvite urolithiasis with bacterial urinary tract infection (UTI) is commonly reported in dogs; few data exist to describe successful dissolution protocols in dogs with naturally occurring disease. We hypothesized that a dry therapeutic urinary diet combined with targeted antimicrobial therapy can effectively dissolve presumptive struvite cystolithiasis in dogs with naturally occurring urease-producing bacterial UTI. RESULTS:Ten dogs with presumed infection-induced struvite cystolithiasis based on lower urinary tract signs (LUTS), radiodense cystoliths, and urease-producing bacterial UTI were enrolled. At enrollment, antimicrobials and dry therapeutic urinary diet were dispensed. In addition to lack of radiographic resolution of urolithiasis, dogs with persistent clinical signs were considered non-responders. There was no significant difference in pH between responders and non-responders; USG was significantly higher in the responder group. Recheck visits continued until radiographic dissolution or failure was documented. Five of the 10 dogs achieved radiographic dissolution of cystolithiasis within a median of 31?days (range 19-103). In the other 5 dogs, surgical urolith removal was necessary due to persistent LUTS (3 dogs within 2?weeks) or lack of continued dissolution noted radiographically (1 dog with numerous cystoliths failed at day 91; 1 dog failed by day 57 with questionable owner compliance). CONCLUSIONS:Dissolution of urinary tract infection induced struvite cystoliths can be accomplished in some dogs fed this dry therapeutic urinary diet in conjunction with antimicrobial therapy. Case selection could increase the likelihood of successful dissolution; however, if calcium phosphate is present, this could also prevent stone dissolution. If clinical signs persist despite diet and antimicrobials, stone removal is advised.

| S-EPMC6676539 | biostudies-literature

Characterization of the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system in cats with naturally occurring chronic kidney disease.

Project description:BackgroundThe role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is incompletely understood.ObjectiveTo characterize components of the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in cats with CKD.AnimalsEleven cats with naturally occurring CKD (CKD group) and 8 healthy control cats.MethodsRenal tissue samples were evaluated by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction for renin, angiotensinogen, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), and angiotensin II type 1 receptor transcript levels, and by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for quantification of angiotensin I, II, III, and IV concentrations. Linear mixed models were used to compare gene transcript levels and concentrations of angiotensin peptides between groups.ResultsCats of the CKD group were significantly older (P < .001) and more likely to be neutered (P = .007) than healthy control cats. Kidneys from cats with CKD had significantly higher transcript levels of angiotensinogen (P < .001) and lower transcript levels of ACE (P < .001) than those from control cats. Renal angiotensin I concentrations were increased in CKD compared with control kidneys (P = .001). No other significant differences in renal transcript levels or angiotensin peptide concentrations were noted between groups.Conclusion and clinical importanceThe intrarenal RAS might be activated in cats with CKD. Small sample size and differences in age, neuter status, and dietary sodium intake between groups might have limited the ability to identify a significant difference in concentration of renal angiotensin II.

| S-EPMC8965263 | biostudies-literature

Untargeted metabolomic analysis in cats with naturally occurring inflammatory bowel disease and alimentary small cell lymphoma.

Project description:Feline chronic enteropathy (CE) is a common gastrointestinal disorder in cats and mainly comprises inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and small cell lymphoma (SCL). Differentiation between IBD and SCL can be diagnostically challenging. We characterized the fecal metabolome of 14 healthy cats and 22 cats with naturally occurring CE (11 cats with IBD and 11 cats with SCL). Principal component analysis and heat map analysis showed distinct clustering between cats with CE and healthy controls. Random forest classification revealed good group prediction for healthy cats and cats with CE, with an overall out-of-bag error rate of 16.7%. Univariate analysis indicated that levels of 84 compounds in cats with CE differed from those in healthy cats. Polyunsaturated fatty acids held discriminatory power in differentiating IBD from SCL. Metabolomic profiles of cats with CE resembled those in people with CE with significant alterations of metabolites related to tryptophan, arachidonic acid, and glutathione pathways.

| S-EPMC8080598 | biostudies-literature

Unbiased serum metabolomic analysis in cats with naturally occurring chronic enteropathies before and after medical intervention

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC10960826 | biostudies-literature

Evaluation of profibrotic gene transcription in renal tissues from cats with naturally occurring chronic kidney disease.

Project description:BackgroundIncreased gene transcription of hypoxia-induced mediators of fibrosis in renal tissue has been identified in experimentally induced, ischemic chronic kidney disease (CKD).ObjectiveTo characterize hypoxia-induced profibrotic pathways in naturally occurring CKD in cats.AnimalsTwelve client-owned cats with CKD and 8 healthy control cats.MethodsIn this prospective, cross-sectional study, bilateral renal tissue samples were assessed histologically for inflammation, tubular atrophy, and fibrosis, and by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR for characterization of transcript levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1A), matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP2), -7 (MMP7), and -9 (MMP9), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP1), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFB1), and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGFA). Linear mixed models were used to compare gene transcription between diseased and healthy kidneys, and to examine the association between transcript levels and serum creatinine concentration for all cats, and between transcript levels and histologic scores of diseased kidneys.ResultsKidneys from cats with CKD had significantly higher transcript levels of HIF1A, MMP2, MMP7, MMP9, TIMP1, and TGFB1 (all P < .001), and lower levels of VEGFA (P = .006) than those from control cats. Transcript levels of MMP7 (P = .05) and TIMP1 (P = .005) were positively associated with serum creatinine in cats with CKD, but not in control cats. In diseased kidneys, transcript levels of MMP2 (P = .002), MMP7 (P = .02), and TIMP1 (P = .02) were positively, whereas those of VEGFA (P = .003) were negatively, associated with histologic score severity.Conclusion and clinical significanceEvaluation of the expression of the corresponding proteins in larger populations could identify therapeutic targets and/or biomarkers of tubulointerstitial fibrosis in cats.

| S-EPMC7379026 | biostudies-literature

Enzymatic dissolution of calcium and struvite crystals: in vitro evaluation of biochemical requirements.

Project description:ObjectiveTo evaluate the factors that affect the enzymatic dissolution rate of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM), calcium phosphate (brushite), and magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite) crystals as enzymatic digestion of kidney stones could enhance lithotripsy or provide alternatives to surgical removal.MethodsAt pH 4.2, pelleted COM crystals were combined with oxalate decarboxylase (ODC from Bacillus subtilis), oxalate oxidase (from Hordeum vulgare), or control. Crystal dissolution was followed by measuring increases in solution calcium ion concentration. For phosphate-based crystals, the rates of phosphorolysis by the enzyme purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP, assay form) were compared to the control solution using spectrophotometry.ResultsThe addition of ODC to COM crystals resulted in production of highly soluble calcium formate and a 15-fold increase in COM solubility. By adding a formate-catabolizing enzyme (formate dehydrogenase), dissolution increased 47-fold compared with controls with nearly one half of the mineral dissolved. Oxalate oxidase showed much lower activity than ODC in COM dissolution. Using inorganic phosphate as a substrate, PNP was able to dissolve both brushite and struvite minerals in water at concentrations near saturation. Measuring dissolution by adding more PNP was not possible because of equilibrium and assay detection restraints.ConclusionStone dissolution using enzymes appears to be viable, particularly for oxalate-based minerals. In a closed system, product inhibition by calcium formate appeared to limit the extent of COM crystal dissolution using ODC. Although phosphate-containing minerals appear to be suitable phosphate sources for PNP, the reversibility of the reaction limits the use of this enzyme.

| S-EPMC3166441 | biostudies-literature

Naturally Occurring PCSK9 Inhibitors.

Project description:Genetic, epidemiological and pharmacological data have led to the conclusion that antagonizing or inhibiting Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) reduces cardiovascular events. This clinical outcome is mainly related to the pivotal role of PCSK9 in controlling low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels. The absence of oral and affordable anti-PCSK9 medications has limited the beneficial effects of this new therapeutic option. A possible breakthrough in this field may come from the discovery of new naturally occurring PCSK9 inhibitors as a starting point for the development of oral, small molecules, to be used in combination with statins in order to increase the percentage of patients reaching their LDL-cholesterol target levels. In the present review, we have summarized the current knowledge on natural compounds or extracts that have shown an inhibitory effect on PCSK9, either in experimental or clinical settings. When available, the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profiles of the listed compounds are described.

| S-EPMC7284437 | biostudies-literature

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

Tweets

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data