Dataset Information

Sexism-Related Stigma Affects Pain Perception.

ABSTRACT: People with stigmatized characteristics tend to be devalued by others in a given society. The negative experiences related to stigma cause individuals to struggle as they would if they were in physical pain and bring various negative outcomes in the way that physical pain does. However, it is unclear whether stigma related to one's identity would affect their perception of physical pain. To address this issue, using sexism-related paradigms, we found that females had reduced pain threshold/tolerance in the Cold Pressor Test (Experiment 1) and an increased rating for nociceptive laser stimuli with fixed intensity (Experiment 2). Additionally, we observed that there was a larger laser-evoked N1, an early laser-evoked P2, and a larger magnitude of low-frequency component in laser-evoked potentials (LEPs) in the stigma condition than in the control condition (Experiment 3). Our study provides behavioral and electrophysiological evidence that sexism-related stigma affects the pain perception of females.

SUBMITTER: Zhang M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8019650 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Sexism-Related Stigma Affects Pain Perception.

Zhang Ming M Zhang Yuqi Y Li Zhihui Z Hu Li L Kong Yazhuo Y

Neural plasticity 20210327

People with stigmatized characteristics tend to be devalued by others in a given society. The negative experiences related to stigma cause individuals to struggle as they would if they were in physical pain and bring various negative outcomes in the way that physical pain does. However, it is unclear whether stigma related to one's identity would affect their perception of physical pain. To address this issue, using sexism-related paradigms, we found that females had reduced pain threshold/toler ...[more]

PMID: 33854543

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Project description:Understanding the factors that affect human thermal responses is necessary to properly design and operate low-energy buildings. It has been suggested that factors not related to the thermal environment can affect thermal responses of occupants, but these factors have not been integrated in thermal comfort models due to a lack of knowledge of indoor factor interactions. While some studies have investigated the effect of electric light on thermal responses, no study exists on the effect of daylight. This study presents the first controlled experimental investigation on the effect of daylight quantity on thermal responses, combining three levels of daylight illuminance (low ~130 lx, medium ~600 lx, and high ~1400 lx) with three temperature levels (19, 23, 27 °C). Subjective and objective thermal responses of 84 participants were collected through subjective ratings on thermal perception and physiological measurements, respectively. Results indicate that the quantity of daylight influences the thermal perception of people specifically resulting in a cross-modal effect, with a low daylight illuminance leading to a less comfortable and less acceptable thermal environment in cold conditions and to a more comfortable one in warm conditions. No effect on their physiological responses was observed. Moreover, it is hypothesised that a warm thermal environment could be tolerated more whenever daylight is present in the room, as compared to the same thermal condition in a room lit with electric lights. Findings further the understanding of factors affecting human thermal responses and thermal adaptation processes in indoor environments and are relevant for both research and practice. The findings suggest that daylight should be considered as a factor in thermal comfort models and in all thermal comfort investigations, as well as that thermal and daylight illuminance conditions should be tuned and changed through the operation and design strategy of the building to guarantee its occupants' thermal comfort in existing and future structures.

Project description:BackgroundLumbopelvic pain (LPP) is common during pregnancy and can have long-lasting negative consequences in terms of disability and reduced quality of life. Therefore, it is crucial to identify women at risk of having pregnancy-related LPP after childbirth. This study aimed to investigate the association between body perception, pain intensity, and disability in women with pregnancy-related LPP during late pregnancy and postpartum, and to study whether a disturbed body perception during late pregnancy predicted having postpartum LPP.MethodsA prospective cohort study in 130 primiparous women (median age = 30 years) was performed. Pain intensity, disability, and lumbopelvic body perception during the last month of pregnancy and 6 weeks postpartum were assessed with the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Oswestry Disability Index, and Fremantle Back Awareness Questionnaire, respectively. Having pregnancy-related LPP was defined as an NPRS score ≥ 1/10. At both timepoints, women were categorized into three groups; pain-free, LPP with low disability, and LPP with high disability (based on Oswestry Disability Index scores). At each timepoint, body perception was compared between groups, and correlations between body perception, pain intensity, and disability were evaluated in women with LPP by using non-parametric tests. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine whether body perception during the last month of pregnancy predicted the presence of LPP 6 weeks postpartum.ResultsWomen with LPP at the end of pregnancy, and 6 weeks postpartum reported a more disturbed body perception compared to pain-free women (p ≤ 0.005). Greater body perception disturbance correlated with higher pain intensity (σ = 0.266, p = 0.008) and disability (σ = 0.472, p < 0.001) during late pregnancy, and with pain intensity 6 weeks postpartum (σ = 0.403, p = 0.015). A disturbed body perception during late pregnancy nearly significantly predicted having postpartum LPP (Odds Ratio = 1.231, p = 0.052).ConclusionsBody perception disturbance was greater in women experiencing LPP during late pregnancy and postpartum compared to pain-free women, and correlated with pain intensity and disability. Though non-significant (p = 0.052), the results of the regression analysis suggest that greater body perception disturbance during late pregnancy might predict having LPP postpartum. However, future studies should follow up on this.

Dataset Information

Sexism-Related Stigma Affects Pain Perception.

Publications

Sexism-Related Stigma Affects Pain Perception.

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