Dataset Information

Surgical site infection at chest tube drainage site following pulmonary resection for malignant lesions.

ABSTRACT:

Background

We sometimes experience postoperative surgical site infection (SSI) at the chest tube drainage site (CDS) after thoracotomy. The incidence of and risk factors for SSI at the CDS have remained unclear.

Methods

We conducted a prospective study to determine the incidence and risk factors for SSI at the CDS. We analyzed 99 patients who underwent lobectomy or segmentectomy for pulmonary malignant lesions.

Results

There were 56 males and 43 females with an average age of 71 years. The postoperative drainage period was 2-15 days. Bacterial species were detected in secretions in 18 of 99 cases (18.2%). Older age was a risk factor for the detection of bacteria at the timing of chest tube removal. Eighteen cases (18.2%) were diagnosed with presence of SSI at the CDS at the timing of staple or suture removal. A pathological diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma was regarded as a candidate risk factor for SSI. Eleven of 18 SSI patients showed delayed wound healing. A higher level of HbA1c was found in patients with delayed wound healing. Enterococcus faecalis infection may influence the development of complex SSI.

Conclusions

We identified the bacterial profiles, incidence of and risk factors for SSI at the CDS. More intense preoperative glycemic control and an understanding of the bacterial profile and may be useful for reducing the incidence of SSI chest tube drainage sites (CDS).

SUBMITTER: Akiyama T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8024859 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Surgical site infection at chest tube drainage site following pulmonary resection for malignant lesions.

Akiyama Takashi T Yano Motoki M Numanami Hiroki H Yamaji Masayuki M Taguchi Rumiko R Furuta Chihiro C Kitagawa Yuka Y Imazu Rintaro R Haniuda Masayuki M

Journal of thoracic disease 20210301 3

<h4>Background</h4>We sometimes experience postoperative surgical site infection (SSI) at the chest tube drainage site (CDS) after thoracotomy. The incidence of and risk factors for SSI at the CDS have remained unclear.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a prospective study to determine the incidence and risk factors for SSI at the CDS. We analyzed 99 patients who underwent lobectomy or segmentectomy for pulmonary malignant lesions.<h4>Results</h4>There were 56 males and 43 females with an average age ...[more]

PMID: 33841937

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Project description:BackgroundThere is controversy over the drainage threshold for removal of chest tubes in the absence of significant air leakage after selective pulmonary resection.MethodsA comprehensive search of online databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Ovid, Elsevier, Ebsco, and Wiley) and clinical trial registries (WHO-ICTRP and ClinicalTrials.gov) was performed to investigate the efficacy and safety of early chest tube removal with high-output drainage. Primary outcome (postoperative hospital day) and secondary outcomes (30-day complications, rate of thoracentesis, and chest tube placement) were extracted and synthesized. Subgroup analysis, meta-regression, and sensitivity analysis were used to explore the potential heterogeneity. Study quality was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and evidence was graded using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) assessment by the online GRADEpro Guideline Development Tool.ResultsSix cohort studies with a total of 1262 patients were included in the final analysis. The postoperative hospital stay in the high-output group was significantly shorter than in the conventional treatment group (weighted mean difference: -1.34 [-2.34 to -0.34] day, P = .009). While there was no significant difference between 2 groups in 30-day complications (relative ratio [RR]: 0.92 [0.77-1.11], P = .38), the rate of thoracentesis (RR: 1.93 [0.63-5.88], P = .25) and the rate of chest tube placement (RR: 1.00 [0.37-2.70], P = .99). According to the sensitivity analysis, the relative impacts of the 2 groups had already stabilized. Subgroup analysis revealed that postoperative hospital stay was modified by Newcastle-Ottawa Scale score. The online GRADEpro Guideline Development Tool presented very low quality of evidence for the available data.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis revealed that it is feasible and safe to remove a chest tube with high-output drainage after pulmonary resection for selected patients.

Project description:BackgroundIn recent years, an increasing number of thoracic surgeons have attempted to apply no routine chest tube drainage (NT) strategy after thoracoscopic lung resection. However, the safety and feasibility of not routinely placing a chest tube after lung resection remain controversial. This study aimed to investigate the effect of NT strategy after thoracoscopic pulmonary resection on perioperative outcomes.MethodsA comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases until 3 January 2022 was performed to identify the studies that implemented NT strategy after thoracoscopic pulmonary resection. Perioperative outcomes were extracted by 2 reviewers independently and then synthesized using a random-effects model. Risk ratio (RR) and standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) served as the summary statistics for meta-analysis. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were subsequently performed.ResultsA total of 12 studies with 1,381 patients were included. The meta-analysis indicated that patients in the NT group had a significantly reduced postoperative length of stay (LOS) (SMD = -0.91; 95% CI: -1.20 to -0.61; P < 0.001) and pain score on postoperative day (POD) 1 (SMD = -0.95; 95% CI: -1.54 to -0.36; P = 0.002), POD 2 (SMD = -0.37; 95% CI: -0.63 to -0.11; P = 0.005), and POD 3 (SMD = -0.39; 95% CI: -0.71 to -0.06; P = 0.02). Further subgroup analysis showed that the difference of postoperative LOS became statistically insignificant in the lobectomy or segmentectomy subgroup (SMD = -0.30; 95% CI: -0.91 to 0.32; P = 0.34). Although the risk of pneumothorax was significantly higher in the NT group (RR = 1.75; 95% CI: 1.14-2.68; P = 0.01), the reintervention rates were comparable between groups (RR = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.48-2.25; P = 0.92). No significant difference was found in pleural effusion, subcutaneous emphysema, operation time, pain score on POD 7, and wound healing satisfactory (all P > 0.05). The sensitivity analysis suggested that the results of the meta-analysis were stabilized.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis suggested that NT strategy is safe and feasible for selected patients scheduled for video-assisted thoracoscopic pulmonary resection.Systematic review registrationhttps://inplasy.com/inplasy-2022-4-0026, identifier INPLASY202240026.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Prolonged air leak and high-volume pleural drainage are the most common causes for delays in chest tube removal following lung resection. While digital pleural drainage systems have been successfully used in the management of post-operative air leak, their effect on pleural drainage and inflammation has not been studied before. We hypothesized that digital drainage systems (as compared to traditional analog continuous suction), using intermittent balanced suction, are associated with decreased pleural inflammation and postoperative drainage volumes, thus leading to earlier chest tube removal. METHODS:One hundred and three [103] patients were enrolled and randomized to either analog (n=50) or digital (n=53) drainage systems following oncologic lung resection. Chest tubes were removed according to standardized, pre-defined protocol. Inflammatory mediators [interleukin-1B (IL-1B), 6, 8, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-?)] in pleural fluid and serum were measured and analysed. The primary outcome of interest was the difference in total volume of postoperative fluid drainage. Secondary outcome measures included duration of chest tube in-situ, prolonged air-leak incidence, length of hospital stay and the correlation between pleural effusion formation, degree of inflammation and type of drainage system used. RESULTS:There was no significant difference in total amount of fluid drained or length of hospital stay between the two groups. A trend for shorter chest tube duration was found with the digital system when compared to the analog (P=0.055). Comparison of inflammatory mediator levels revealed no significant differences between digital and analog drainage systems. The incidence of prolonged post-operative air leak was significantly higher when using the analog system (9 versus 2 patients; P=0.025). Lobectomy was associated with longer chest tube duration (P=0.001) and increased fluid drainage when compared to sub-lobar resection (P<0.001), regardless of drainage system. CONCLUSIONS:Use of post-lung resection digital drainage does not appear to decrease pleural fluid formation, but is associated with decreased prolonged air leaks. Total pleural effusion volumes did not differ with the type of drainage system used. These findings support previously established benefits of the digital system in decreasing prolonged air leaks, but the advantages do not appear to extend to decreased pleural fluid formation.

Dataset Information

Surgical site infection at chest tube drainage site following pulmonary resection for malignant lesions.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Surgical site infection at chest tube drainage site following pulmonary resection for malignant lesions.

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