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2D vanadium carbide MXenzyme to alleviate ROS-mediated inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases.

ABSTRACT: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated and consumed in living organism for normal metabolism. Paradoxically, the overproduction and/or mismanagement of ROS have been involved in pathogenesis and progression of various human diseases. Here, we reported a two-dimensional (2D) vanadium carbide (V₂C) MXene nanoenzyme (MXenzyme) that can mimic up to six naturally-occurring enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), thiol peroxidase (TPx) and haloperoxidase (HPO). Based on these enzyme-mimicking properties, the constructed 2D V₂C MXenzyme not only possesses high biocompatibility but also exhibits robust in vitro cytoprotection against oxidative stress. Importantly, 2D V₂C MXenzyme rebuilds the redox homeostasis without perturbing the endogenous antioxidant status and relieves ROS-induced damage with benign in vivo therapeutic effects, as demonstrated in both inflammation and neurodegeneration animal models. These findings open an avenue to enable the use of MXenzyme as a remedial nanoplatform to treat ROS-mediated inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases.

SUBMITTER: Feng W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8044242 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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2D vanadium carbide MXenzyme to alleviate ROS-mediated inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases.

Feng Wei W Han Xiuguo X Hu Hui H Chang Meiqi M Ding Li L Xiang Huijing H Chen Yu Y Li Yuehua Y

Nature communications 20210413 1

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated and consumed in living organism for normal metabolism. Paradoxically, the overproduction and/or mismanagement of ROS have been involved in pathogenesis and progression of various human diseases. Here, we reported a two-dimensional (2D) vanadium carbide (V<sub>2</sub>C) MXene nanoenzyme (MXenzyme) that can mimic up to six naturally-occurring enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), th ...[more]

PMID: 33850133

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Project description:Neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous system are characterised by pathogenetic cellular and molecular changes in specific areas of the brain that lead to the dysfunction and/or loss of explicit neuronal populations. Despite exhibiting different clinical profiles and selective neuronal loss, common features such as abnormal protein deposition, dysfunctional cellular transport, mitochondrial deficits, glutamate excitotoxicity and inflammation are observed in most, if not all, neurodegenerative disorders, suggesting converging pathways of neurodegeneration. We have generated comparative genome-wide gene expression data for Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington’s disease, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease and schizophrenia using an extensive cohort of well characterised post-mortem CNS tissues. The analysis of whole genome expression patterns across these major disorders offers an outstanding opportunity not only to look into exclusive disease specific changes, but more importantly to uncover potential common molecular pathogenic mechanisms that could be targeted for therapeutic gain. Surprisingly, no dysregulated gene that passed our selection criteria was found in common across all 6 diseases using our primary method of analysis. However, 61 dysregulated genes were shared when comparing five and four diseases. Our analysis indicates firstly the involvement of common neuronal homeostatic, survival and synaptic plasticity pathways. Secondly, we report changes to immunoregulatory and immunomodulatory pathways in all diseases. Our secondary method of analysis confirmed significant up-regulation of a number of genes in diseases presenting degeneration and showed that somatostatin was downregulated in all 6 diseases. The latter is supportive of a general role for neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis and/or response to neurodegeneration. Unravelling the detailed nature of the molecular changes regulating inflammation in the CNS is key to the development of novel therapeutic approaches for these chronic conditions. A total of 113 cases were selected retrospectively on the basis of a confirmed clinical and neuropathological diagnosis and snap-frozen brain blocks were provided by various tissue banks within the BrainNet Europe network. Total RNA was extracted from dissected snap-frozen tissue (< 100 mg) by the individual laboratories according to a BNE optimised common protocol using the RNeasy(r) tissue lipid mini kit (Qiagen Ltd, Crawley, UK) according to the manufacturer's instructions, and was stored at -80C until further use. Gene expression analysis was performed on the RNA samples using the Illumina whole genome HumanRef8 v2 BeadChip (Illumina, London, UK). All the labelling and hybridisation of the samples was carried out in a single experiment by the Imperial College group to reduce the technical variability. RNA samples were prepared for array analysis using the Illumina TotalPrep(tm)-96 RNA Amplification Kit (Ambion/Applied Biosystems, Warrington, UK). Finally, the BeadChips we re scanned using the Illumina BeadArray Reader. The data was extracted using BeadStudio 3.2 (Illumina). Data normalisation and gene differential expression analyses were conducted using the Rosetta error models available in the Rosetta Resolver(r) system (Rosetta Biosoftware, Seattle, Wa, USA). Two samples presented very low signal expression most likely due to hybridization problems and did not pass the quality control test. They are not represented here. One of the 2 samples was a replicate, therefore there was loss of only 1 case bringing the grand total of cases used to 112 (total of samples of 118 including 6 replicates).

Dataset Information

2D vanadium carbide MXenzyme to alleviate ROS-mediated inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases.

Publications

2D vanadium carbide MXenzyme to alleviate ROS-mediated inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases.

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