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Influence of physical activity before and during pregnancy on infant's sleep and neurodevelopment at 1-year-old.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between maternal physical activity (PA) before and during pregnancy and sleep and developmental problems in 1-year-old infants. We used data from a nationwide cohort study in Japan that registered 103,062 pregnancies between 2011 and 2014. Participants were asked about their PA before and during pregnancy, and the sleep and development of their children at the age of 1 year. Maternal PA was estimated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and was expressed in METs per week. We defined scores below the cut-off points of the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) as abnormal for infant development. Based on the levels of PA before or during pregnancy, the participants were divided into five groups. In mothers with higher PA levels, the risk ratio for bedtime after 22:00 or abnormal ASQ scores in their 1-years-old infants were lower. These associations were observed for PA before and during pregnancy. Higher levels of maternal PA, both before and during pregnancy, may reduce sleep and developmental problems in infants.

SUBMITTER: Nakahara K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8046980 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Influence of physical activity before and during pregnancy on infant's sleep and neurodevelopment at 1-year-old.

Nakahara Kazushige K Michikawa Takehiro T Morokuma Seiichi S Ogawa Masanobu M Kato Kiyoko K Sanefuji Masafumi M Shibata Eiji E Tsuji Mayumi M Shimono Masayuki M Kawamoto Toshihiro T Ohga Shouichi S Kusuhara Koichi K

Scientific reports 20210414 1

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between maternal physical activity (PA) before and during pregnancy and sleep and developmental problems in 1-year-old infants. We used data from a nationwide cohort study in Japan that registered 103,062 pregnancies between 2011 and 2014. Participants were asked about their PA before and during pregnancy, and the sleep and development of their children at the age of 1 year. Maternal PA was estimated using the International Physical Activi ...[more]

PMID: 33854123

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Project description:Objectives: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication in pregnancy, affecting around 14% of all pregnancies each year. It will likely further increase, as obesity becomes more prevalent. The impact of GDM on cardiovascular changes in pregnant women and her child is still unclear. The aim of the study was to measure the effects of physical activity before pregnancy on the cardiovascular system in patients with GDM in pregnancy. Methods: Two hundred and six pregnant women were included in this observational study. All participants were recruited at the tertiary level teaching University Hospital "Klinikum rechts der Isar" between 28 and 32 weeks gestation. Questionnaires dealing with pre-pregnancy daily and physical activity (PA) were evaluated. The cardiovascular status of the mothers included measurements of the intima-media thickness (IMT) of the carotid arteries. PA level was performed with a standardized 6-min-walking-test. Results: Ninety-nine women with GDM with a mean age of 33.84 (± 4.7) years were examined. One hundred seven healthy pregnant women aged 32.6 (± 4.2) years served as controls. The mean weight in the study group was 73.0 (± 20.3) kg and 61.7 (± 9.5) kg in the control group. Based on the higher weight in the study group, the Body Mass Index (BMI) was also significantly higher than in the control group (26.3 ± 7.1 vs. 21.6 ± 3; p < 0.001). The frequency of PA was significantly higher in the control group (p < 0.001). The objective fitness level was worse in pregnant women with GDM compared to healthy controls (472 vs. 523 m, p < 0.001). PA before and during pregnancy was less performed in the study group (86 vs. 64.5%, p = 0.002; 69 vs. 45.7%, p = 0.003). Women who were physically inactive before pregnancy had a 3-times higher risk to develop GDM compared to active women (OR = 2.67). The IMT was significantly thicker in the study group (0.48 ± 0.042 mm vs. 0.45 ± 0.042) mm; p = 0.006). Conclusion: Physical activity before pregnancy and a lower initial weight reduces the risk of developing GDM and cardiovascular risk factors in pregnancy. The development of prevention programs is certainly necessary.

Project description:BackgroundPhysical activity is recommended during pregnancy, and high sedentary behavior and poor sleep may increase the risk of pregnancy complications. Activity patterns and sleep were negatively impacted by the COVID pandemic in many segments of the population, but the impact of the pandemic on pregnant people is understudied. We aimed to compare patterns of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep during pregnancy between a pre-COVID and a COVID-era cohort.MethodsPhysical activity, sedentary time, and sleep in each trimester of pregnancy were compared between two parallel prospective observational cohorts using identical collection methods. Pre-COVID participants (n=111) were recruited in 2017-2019 and COVID-era participants (n=117) from 2021-2023. Physical activity and sedentary time were measured using the activPAL3 micro accelerometer, and sleep duration was self-reported. Between-cohort comparisons were conducted using linear regression for each behavior in each trimester. Within-COVID-era cohort linear regression analyses assessed whether activity patterns differed as pandemic-era restrictions were eased.ResultsParticipant demographics were similar between cohorts except for self-reported income. Adjusted mean moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was 57-77 min/week higher in each trimester in pre-COVID compared to COVID-era participants (p<0.001); adjusted mean sedentary time was 0.77-1.13 hours/day lower in each trimester (p<0.01) and sleep duration was 0.8 hours/day lower in the third trimester in the pre-COVID compared to COVID-era cohort (p<0.05). Within the COVID-era cohort, no significant within-trimester differences were detected across the pandemic years.ConclusionsPregnant participants during the COVID pandemic were less active and more sedentary than their pre-pandemic counterparts, and this trend was still detected years after the pandemic began. A more sedentary lifestyle during pregnancy may have health implications, and prenatal care providers should help pregnant people identify strategies to adopt an active lifestyle in the context of pandemic-era barriers.

Project description:BackgroundPrevious studies of preterm-born children (<37 weeks' gestation) have demonstrated decrements in lung function, exercise capacity, and increased respiratory symptoms compared to their term-born peers. However, it is unclear if these children have decreased levels of physical activity (PA) and increased sedentary behavior as a consequence of this increased respiratory morbidity. We therefore compared objectively measured PA in 7-year old preterm-born children with those born at term.MethodsChildren in the Millennium Cohort Study underwent assessment of PA at 7 years of age using accelerometry. 6422/12781 (50%) provided valid accelerometry and had gestational age data. A series of general linear models adjusted for confounders investigated the association between gestational age and levels of Total PA (average accelerometer counts per minute over the period of the recording), Moderate-to-Vigorous PA (MVPA) and sedentary behavior. Mediation analysis was performed to specifically investigate whether the observed association of gestational age on PA was mediated by respiratory symptoms.ResultsPA data were available for 79, 119, 275 and 5949 children born at 25-32, 33-34, 35-36 and 37-43 weeks' gestation respectively. Boys born at ≤32 weeks' gestation had modest but statistically significant reductions in MVPA when compared to term controls. This equated to a reduction of 9 minutes per day. No differences were found for Total PA or sedentary behavior. The association between gestational age and MVPA was not mediated by respiratory symptoms. In females, there was no association between gestational age and any measure of PA or sedentary behavior.ConclusionsBoys born at ≤32 weeks' gestation took part in less MVPA than their term-born peers at 7 years of age. The differences were modest, but equated to a reduction of over 1 hour per week. Since PA levels have been shown to decline during childhood and adolescence, this vulnerable group deserves further surveillance.

Dataset Information

Influence of physical activity before and during pregnancy on infant's sleep and neurodevelopment at 1-year-old.

Publications

Influence of physical activity before and during pregnancy on infant's sleep and neurodevelopment at 1-year-old.

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