Identification of psychiatric disorder subtypes from functional connectivity patterns in resting-state electroencephalography.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Zhang Y
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8053667 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Background: Biomarkers for psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents are urgently needed. This cross-sectional pilot study investigated quantitative electroencephalogram (qEEG), a promising intermediate biomarker, in pediatric patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) compared with healthy controls (HCs). We hypothesized that youth with MDD would have increased coherence (connectivity) and absolute alpha power in the frontal cortex compared with HC. Methods: qEEG was obtained in adolescents aged 14-17 years with MDD (n?=?25) and age- and gender-matched HCs (n?=?14). The primary outcome was overall coherence on qEEG in the four frequency bands (alpha, beta, theta, and delta). Other outcomes included frontal-only coherence, overall and frontal-only qEEG power, and clinician-rated measures of anhedonia and anxiety. Results: Average coherence in the theta band was significantly lower in MDD patients versus HCs, and also lower in frontal cortex among MDD patients. Seven node pairs were significantly different or trending toward significance between MDD and HC; all had lower coherence in MDD patients. Average frontal delta power was significantly higher in MDD versus HCs. Conclusions: Brain connectivity measured by qEEG differs significantly between adolescents with MDD and HCs. Compared with HCs, youth with MDD showed decreased connectivity, yet no differences in power in any frequency bands. In the frontal cortex, youth with MDD showed decreased resting connectivity in the alpha and theta frequency bands. Impaired development of a resting-state brain network (e.g., default mode network) in adolescents with MDD may represent an intermediate phenotype that can be assessed with qEEG.
| S-EPMC7227423 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesNumerous task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging studies indicate the presence of compensatory functional improvement in patients with congenital cataracts. However, there is neuroimaging evidence that shows decreased sensory perception or cognition information processing related to visual dysfunction, which favors a general loss hypothesis. This study explored the functional connectivity between visual and other networks in children with congenital cataracts using resting state electroencephalography.MethodsTwenty-one children with congenital cataracts (age: 8.02 ± 2.03 years) and thirty-five sex- and age-matched normal sighted controls were enrolled to investigate functional connectivity between the visual cortex and the default mode network, the salience network, and the cerebellum network during resting state electroencephalography (eyes closed) recordings.ResultThe congenital cataract group was less active, than the control group, in the occipital, temporal, frontal and limbic lobes in the theta, alpha, beta1 and beta2 frequency bands. Additionally, there was reduced alpha-band connectivity between the visual and somatosensory cortices and between regions of the frontal and parietal cortices associated with cognitive and attentive control.ConclusionThe results indicate abnormalities in sensory, cognition, motion and execution functional connectivity across the developing brains of children with congenital cataracts when compared with normal controls. Reduced frontal alpha activity and alpha-band connectivity between the visual cortex and salience network might reflect attenuated inhibitory information flow, leading to higher attentional states, which could contribute to adaptation of environmental change in this group of patients.
| S-EPMC8079630 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We aimed to develop a machine learning (ML) classifier to detect and compare major psychiatric disorders using electroencephalography (EEG). We retrospectively collected data from medical records, intelligence quotient (IQ) scores from psychological assessments, and quantitative EEG (QEEG) at resting-state assessments from 945 subjects [850 patients with major psychiatric disorders (six large-categorical and nine specific disorders) and 95 healthy controls (HCs)]. A combination of QEEG parameters including power spectrum density (PSD) and functional connectivity (FC) at frequency bands was used to establish models for the binary classification between patients with each disorder and HCs. The support vector machine, random forest, and elastic net ML methods were applied, and prediction performances were compared. The elastic net model with IQ adjustment showed the highest accuracy. The best feature combinations and classification accuracies for discrimination between patients and HCs with adjusted IQ were as follows: schizophrenia = alpha PSD, 93.83%; trauma and stress-related disorders = beta FC, 91.21%; anxiety disorders = whole band PSD, 91.03%; mood disorders = theta FC, 89.26%; addictive disorders = theta PSD, 85.66%; and obsessive-compulsive disorder = gamma FC, 74.52%. Our findings suggest that ML in EEG may predict major psychiatric disorders and provide an objective index of psychiatric disorders.
| S-EPMC8416434 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundMotor functional neurological disorder (mFND) is a clinical diagnosis with reliable features; however, patients are reluctant to accept the diagnosis and physicians themselves bear doubts on potential misdiagnoses. The identification of a positive biomarker could help limiting unnecessary costs of multiple referrals and investigations, thus promoting early diagnosis and allowing early engagement in appropriate therapy.ObjectivesTo test whether resting-state (RS) functional magnetic resonance imaging could discriminate patients suffering from mFND from healthy controls.MethodsWe classified 23 mFND patients and 25 age- and gender-matched healthy controls based on whole-brain RS functional connectivity (FC) data, using a support vector machine classifier and the standard Automated Anatomic Labeling (AAL) atlas, as well as two additional atlases for validation.ResultsAccuracy, specificity and sensitivity were over 68% (p = 0.004) to discriminate between mFND patients and controls, with consistent findings between the three tested atlases. The most discriminative connections comprised the right caudate, amygdala, prefrontal and sensorimotor regions. Post-hoc seed connectivity analyses showed that these regions were hyperconnected in patients compared to controls.ConclusionsThe good accuracy to discriminate patients from controls suggests that RS FC could be used as a biomarker with high diagnostic value in future clinical practice to identify mFND patients at the individual level.
| S-EPMC5651543 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is twice as prevalent among females as compared to males following potentially traumatic events. While there is evidence for aberrant functional connectivity between hubs of the central executive network (CEN), salience network (SN), and the default mode network (DMN) in PTSD, little is known regarding sex-specificity of this connectivity. The current study aims to directly examine sex-specific resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) in trauma exposed males and females, with and without PTSD.MethodsOne hundred and seventy-eight individuals underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at rest, of them 85 females (45 with PTSD) and 93 males (57 with PTSD). We conducted whole-brain seed-based analysis using CEN (lateral prefrontal cortex [lPFC]), SN (anterior cingulate cortex [ACC], insula, amygdala [AMG]), and DMN (medial prefrontal cortex [mPFC], posterior parietal cortex [PCC], and hippocampus [HIP]) hubs as seed regions. Group-by-Sex ANOVA was conducted.ResultsThe amygdala-precuneus, ACC-precuneus, and hippocampus-precuneus pathways exhibited significant group-by-sex interaction effects, with females with PTSD consistently differing in connectivity patterns from males with PTSD and from trauma-exposed healthy females.ConclusionsSex-specific neural connectivity patterns were found within and between key nodes of the CEN, DMN, and the SN, suggesting opposite patterns of connectivity in PTSD and trauma-exposed controls as a function of sex as a biological variable (SABV). This may point to mechanistic sex differences in adaptation following trauma and may inform differential neural targets for treatment of females and males with PTSD.
| S-EPMC8433283 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundPrefrontal subregions, including the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (PFC), dorsomedial PFC, and dorsolateral PFC (DLPFC), are differentially implicated in the pathophysiology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), though few existing studies have examined subregional differences in resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC). We hypothesized that PTSD would involve weaker positive rsFC between ventromedial PFC, dorsomedial PFC, and other default mode network regions and increased negative rsFC between DLPFC and posterior default mode network regions. Additionally, we hypothesized that prefrontal regions exhibiting group differences in rsFC would be characterized by alterations in cortical thickness.MethodsParticipants included 36 healthy control subjects, 30 trauma-exposed control subjects, and 21 individuals with current DSM-IV PTSD resulting from community-acquired trauma. Participants completed the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale, questionnaires (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Adverse Childhood Events, Life Events Checklist, Beck Depression Inventory), structural neuroimaging, and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. rsFC of DLPFC, ventromedial PFC, and dorsomedial PFC seeds was evaluated in SPM12 and CONN. Cortical thickness for regions with significant rsFC findings was assessed using FreeSurfer.ResultsRelative to both healthy control and trauma-exposed control subjects, individuals with PTSD showed increased negative rsFC between the DLPFC and a region of precuneus. This finding was associated with increased overall symptom severity but not with trauma load or childhood trauma exposure. Greater negative DLPFC-precuneus connectivity was associated with greater bilateral precuneus thickness.ConclusionsGiven participation of precuneus subregions in the central executive network, increased anticorrelation between right DLPFC and precuneus in this sample may reflect increased opposition between anterior and posterior central executive network hubs in PTSD.
| S-EPMC6447465 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Schizophrenia is associated with aberrations in the Default Mode Network (DMN), but the clinical implications remain unclear. We applied data-driven, unsupervised machine learning based on resting-state electroencephalography (rsEEG) functional connectivity within the DMN to cluster antipsychotic-naïve patients with first-episode schizophrenia. The identified clusters were investigated with respect to psychopathological profile and cognitive deficits. Thirty-seven antipsychotic-naïve, first-episode patients with schizophrenia (mean age 24.4 (5.4); 59.5% males) and 97 matched healthy controls (mean age 24.0 (5.1); 52.6% males) underwent assessments of rsEEG, psychopathology, and cognition. Source-localized, frequency-dependent functional connectivity was estimated using Phase Lag Index (PLI). The DMN-PLI was factorized for each frequency band using principal component analysis. Clusters of patients were identified using a Gaussian mixture model and neurocognitive and psychopathological profiles of identified clusters were explored. We identified two clusters of patients based on the theta band (4-8 Hz), and two clusters based on the beta band (12-30 Hz). Baseline psychopathology could predict theta clusters with an accuracy of 69.4% (p = 0.003), primarily driven by negative symptoms. Five a priori selected cognitive functions conjointly predicted the beta clusters with an accuracy of 63.6% (p = 0.034). The two beta clusters displayed higher and lower DMN connectivity, respectively, compared to healthy controls. In conclusion, the functional connectivity within the DMN provides a novel, data-driven means to stratify patients into clinically relevant clusters. The results support the notion of biological subgroups in schizophrenia and endorse the application of data-driven methods to recognize pathophysiological patterns at earliest stage of this syndrome.
| S-EPMC10713774 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Symptoms of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) are hypothesized to arise from dysfunction in brain networks linking the limbic system and cortical regions. Alterations in brain functional cortical connectivity in resting-state networks have been detected with functional imaging techniques, but neurophysiologic connectivity measures have not been systematically examined. We used weighted network analysis to examine resting state functional connectivity as measured by quantitative electroencephalographic (qEEG) coherence in 121 unmedicated subjects with MDD and 37 healthy controls. Subjects with MDD had significantly higher overall coherence as compared to controls in the delta (0.5-4 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz), alpha (8-12 Hz), and beta (12-20 Hz) frequency bands. The frontopolar region contained the greatest number of "hub nodes" (surface recording locations) with high connectivity. MDD subjects expressed higher theta and alpha coherence primarily in longer distance connections between frontopolar and temporal or parietooccipital regions, and higher beta coherence primarily in connections within and between electrodes overlying the dorsolateral prefrontal cortical (DLPFC) or temporal regions. Nearest centroid analysis indicated that MDD subjects were best characterized by six alpha band connections primarily involving the prefrontal region. The present findings indicate a loss of selectivity in resting functional connectivity in MDD. The overall greater coherence observed in depressed subjects establishes a new context for the interpretation of previous studies showing differences in frontal alpha power and synchrony between subjects with MDD and normal controls. These results can inform the development of qEEG state and trait biomarkers for MDD.
| S-EPMC3286480 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Emerging research suggests that hoarding disorder (HD) is associated with abnormal hemodynamic activity in frontal brain regions. Prior studies have not examined intrinsic network connectivity in HD during unstructured "resting state" fMRI. Furthermore, it remains unclear whether previously observed HD abnormalities might be better explained by the presence of other disorders frequently comorbid with HD, such as major depressive disorder (MDD). The current study compared resting state functional connectivity in HD-only patients (n = 17), MDD-only patients (n = 8), patients with co-occurring HD and MDD (n = 10), and healthy control participants (n = 18). Using independent component analysis, we found that HD-only patients exhibited lower functional connectivity in a "task positive" cognitive control network, compared to the other three groups. The HD group also had greater connectivity in regions of the "task negative" default mode network than did the other groups. Findings suggest that HD is associated with a unique neurobiological profile, and are discussed in terms of recent neurological and neuropsychological findings and models in HD and related disorders.
| S-EPMC6486431 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The recent upsurge in interest about pediatric bipolar disorder (BD) has spurred the need for greater understanding of its neurobiology. Structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging studies have implicated fronto-temporal dysfunction in pediatric BD. However, recent data suggest that task-dependent neural changes account for a small fraction of the brain's energy consumption. We now report the first use of task-independent spontaneous resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) to study the neural underpinnings of pediatric BD.We acquired task-independent RSFC blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging scans while participants were at rest and also a high-resolution anatomical image (both at three Tesla) in BD and control youths (n = 15 of each). We focused, on the basis of prior research, on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), amygdala, and accumbens. Image processing and group-level analyses followed that of prior work.Our primary analysis showed that pediatric BD participants had significantly greater negative RSFC between the left DLPFC and the right superior temporal gyrus versus control subjects. Secondary analyses using partial correlation showed that BD and control youths had opposite phase relationships between spontaneous RSFC fluctuations in the left DLPFC and right superior temporal gyrus.Our data indicate that pediatric BD is characterized by altered task-independent functional connectivity in a fronto-temporal circuit that is also implicated in working memory and learning. Further study is warranted to determine the effects of age, gender, development, and treatment on this circuit in pediatric BD.
| S-EPMC2955843 | biostudies-literature