Dataset Information

The Short-term Effects of Temperature on Infectious Diarrhea among Children under 5 Years Old in Jiangsu, China: A Time-series Study (2015-2019).

ABSTRACT: The association between meteorological factors and infectious diarrhea has been widely studied in many countries. However, investigation among children under 5 years old in Jiangsu, China remains quite limited. Data including infectious diarrhea cases among children under five years old and daily meteorological indexes in Jiangsu, China from 2015 to 2019 were collected. The lag-effects up to 21 days of daily maximum temperature (Tmax) on infectious diarrhea were explored using a quasi-Poisson regression with a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) approach. The cases number of infectious diarrhea was significantly associated with seasonal variation of meteorological factors, and the burden of disease mainly occurred among children aged 0-2 years old. Moreover, when the reference value was set at 16.7°C, Tmax had a significant lag-effect on cases of infectious diarrhea among children under 5 years old in Jiangsu Province, which was increased remarkably in cold weather with the highest risk at 8°C. The results of DLNM analysis implicated that the lag-effect of Tmax varied among the 13 cities in Jiangsu and had significant differences in 8 cities. The highest risk of Tmax was presented at 5 lag days in Huaian with a maximum RR of 1.18 (95% CI: 1.09, 1.29). Suzhou which had the highest number of diarrhea cases (15830 cases), had a maximum RR of 1.04 (95% CI:1.03, 1.05) on lag 15 days. Tmax is a considerable indicator to predict the epidemic of infectious diarrhea among 13 cities in Jiangsu, which reminds us that in cold seasons, more preventive strategies and measures should be done to prevent infectious diarrhea.

SUBMITTER: Huang NN

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8056199 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Similar Datasets

Project description:IntroductionDiarrhoea is a leading killer of children <5 years old, accounting for 480,000 deaths in 2017. Zimbabwe introduced Rotarix into its vaccination program in 2014. In this evaluation, we estimate direct medical, direct non-medical, and indirect costs attributable to a diarrhea hospitalization in Zimbabwe after rotavirus vaccine introduction.MethodsChildren <5 years old admitted to Harare Central Hospital from June 2018 to April 2019 with acute watery diarrhea were eligible for this evaluation. A 3-part structured questionnaire was used to collect data by interview from the child's family and by review of the medical record. A stool specimen was also collected and tested for rotavirus. Direct medical costs were the sum of medications, consumables, diagnostic tests, and service delivery costs. Direct non-medical costs were the sum of transportation, meals and lodging for caregivers. Indirect costs are the lost income for household members.ResultsA total of 202 children were enrolled with a median age of 12 months (IQR: 7-21) and 48 (24%) had malnutrition. Children were sick for a median of 2 days and most had received outpatient medical care prior to admission. The median monthly household income was higher for well-nourished children compared to malnourished children (p < 0.001). The median total cost of a diarrhea illness resulting in hospitalization was $293.74 (IQR: 188.42, 427.89). Direct medical costs, with a median of $251.74 (IQR: 155.42, 390.96), comprised the majority of the total cost. Among children who tested positive for rotavirus, the median total illness cost was $243.78 (IQR: 160.92, 323.84). The median direct medical costs were higher for malnourished than well-nourished children (p < 0.001).ConclusionDirect medical costs are the primary determinant of diarrhea illness costs in Zimbabwe. The descriptive findings from this evaluation are an important first step in calculating the cost effectiveness of rotavirus vaccine.

Project description:BackgroundThe short-term and long-term severe complications of preterm infants have brought serious psychological and economic burdens to the society and family. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the risk factors for the mortality and serious complications in very premature infants less than 32 weeks of gestational age (GA), so as to guide the antenatal and postnatal care of very premature.MethodsThe very premature infants from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2021 from 15 member hospitals of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) Multi-center Clinical Research Collaboration Group in Jiangsu Province were recruited. In accordance with the plan of the intensive care unit for unified management, recruitment of premature infants is carried out on the day of admission, and discharge or death is the outcome indicator in 1-2 months by telephone follow-up. The research content mainly includes three aspects: clinical information of mother and infant, outcomes and complications. According to the final outcomes, very premature infants were divided into two categories: survival without severe complications, survival with severe complications and death. Then, univariate and multivariate logistic regression model and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were used to analyze the independent risk factors.ResultsA total of 3,200 very premature infants with GA less than 32 weeks were recruited. The median GA is 30.00 (28.57, 31.14) weeks, the average birth weight is 1,350 (1,110, 1,590) g, among whom 375 premature infants survived with severe complications, and 2,391 premature infants survived without severe complications. Then, it was found that GA at birth was a protective factor for death and severe complications, whereas severe neonatal asphyxia and persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) were independent risk factors for death and severe complications in very premature infants born at less than 32 weeks of gestation.ConclusionsThe prognosis of very premature infants in NICU treatment depends not only on GA, but also on various perinatal factors and their clinical management, such as preterm asphyxia and PPHN occurrence, so the next step is necessary for multicenter continuous quality improvement to improve outcomes in very preterm infants.

Project description:Gut microbiota is closely related to acute infectious diarrhea, one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in children worldwide. Understanding the dynamics of the recovery from this disease is of clinical interest. This work aims to correlate the dynamics of gut microbiota with the evolution of children who were suffering from acute infectious diarrhea caused by a rotavirus, and their recovery after the administration of a probiotic, Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745. The experiment involved 10 children with acute infectious diarrhea caused by a rotavirus, and six healthy children, all aged between 3 and 4 years. The children who suffered the rotavirus infection received S. boulardii CNCM I-745 twice daily for the first 5 days of the experiment. Fecal samples were collected from each participant at 0, 3, 5, 10, and 30 days after probiotic administration. Microbial composition was characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Alpha and beta diversity were calculated, along with dynamical analysis based on Taylor's law to assess the temporal stability of the microbiota. All children infected with the rotavirus stopped having diarrhea at day 3 after the intervention. We observed low alpha diversities in the first 5 days (p-value < 0.05, Wilcoxon test), larger at 10 and 30 days after probiotic treatment. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed differences in the gut microbiota of healthy children and of those who suffered from acute diarrhea in the first days (p-value < 0.05, ADONIS test), but not in the last days of the experiment. Temporal variability was larger in children infected with the rotavirus than in healthy ones. In particular, Gammaproteobacteria class was found to be abundant in children with acute diarrhea. We identified the microbiota transition from a diseased state to a healthy one with time, whose characterization may lead to relevant clinical data. This work highlights the importance of using time series for the study of dysbiosis related to diarrhea.

Dataset Information

The Short-term Effects of Temperature on Infectious Diarrhea among Children under 5 Years Old in Jiangsu, China: A Time-series Study (2015-2019).

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets