Fatty liver index is independently associated with deterioration of renal function during a 10-year period in healthy subjects.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Takahashi S
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8060251 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Fatty liver index (FLI), a predictor of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, has been reported to be associated with several metabolic disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between FLI and new onset of diabetes mellitus (DM). We investigated the association of FLI with new onset of DM during a 10-year period in subjects who received annual health examinations (n = 28,990). After exclusion of subjects with DM at baseline and those with missing data, a total of 12,290 subjects (male/female: 7925/4365) who received health examinations were recruited. FLI was significantly higher in males than in females. During the 10-year period, DM was developed in 533 males (6.7%) and 128 females (2.9%). Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models with a restricted cubic spline showed that the risk of new onset of DM increased with a higher FLI at baseline in both sexes after adjustment of age, fasting plasma glucose, habits of alcohol drinking and current smoking, family history of DM and diagnosis of hypertension and dyslipidemia at baseline. When the subjects were divided into subgroups according to tertiles of FLI level at baseline (T1-T3) in the absence and presence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG), hazard ratios after adjustment of the confounders gradually increased from T1 to T3 and from the absence to presence of IFG in both male and female subjects. In conclusion, a high level of FLI predicts new onset of DM in a general population of both male and female individuals.
| S-EPMC8213804 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background Fatty liver index (FLI), a predictor of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, has been reported to be associated with several metabolic disorders. Because of a sex difference in FLI level, we hypothesized that FLI is associated with development of hypertension to a greater extent in men or women. Methods and Results We investigated the relationship between FLI and development of hypertension during a 10-year period in a general population of subjects who received annual health examinations (n=28 990). After exclusion (44.9%) of subjects with missing data and those with hypertension at baseline, a total of 15 965 subjects (men/women: 9466/6499) were included. FLI level was significantly higher in men than in women. During the 10-year period, 2304 men (24.3%) and 745 women (11.5%) had new onset of hypertension. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models with a restricted cubic spline showed that the hazard ratios (HRs) for development of hypertension after adjustment of age, systolic blood pressure, estimated glomerular filtration rate, habits of smoking and alcohol drinking, family history of hypertension, and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia increased gradually with increase in FLI in men and increased rapidly and then slowly with increase in FLI in women. There was a significant interaction between FLI and sex for the risk of hypertension in all of the subjects (P=0.049). The addition of FLI to traditional risk factors significantly improved the discriminatory capability. Conclusions A high level of FLI predicts the development of hypertension in both men and women, although distribution patterns of HRs were different between sexes.
| S-EPMC8483452 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundLaboratory diagnosis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), an infectious disease caused by rodent-borne hantaviruses in Asia and Europe, depends primarily on serological methods. Since the advent of such serodiagnostic tests, few reports are available about the clinical and molecular epidemiological features of HFRS.ObjectivesTo investigate the epidemioclinical features of HFRS patients treated at a tertiary-care teaching hospital in Seoul over a 10-year period.Study designMedical records of HFRS patients, admitted to a tertiary-care teaching hospital during February 2002 to February 2012, were reviewed. Sera from patients were tested for Hantaan virus (HTNV) and Seoul virus (SEOV) RNA using RT-PCR.ResultsAmong 35 HFRS patients (mean age was 44.2±14.7 years), 29 were male (82.9%). Acute renal failure developed in 27 patients (77.1%), and 12 patients (34.3%) were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Conjunctival injection (OR 10.32, 95% CI 1.09-97.77, P=.04) and initial serum albumin less than 3g/dL (OR 22.83, 95% CI 1.45-359.93, P=.03) were risk factors for ICU admission. Of 35 acute-phase sera, 11 (31.4%) were positive for HTNV RNA. None were positive for SEOV RNA.ConclusionsHFRS was characterized by the clinical triad of fever, renal insufficiency and gastrointestinal symptoms. Conjunctival injection and serum albumin level were related to severity. A large-scale multi-center study is needed to enhance insights into epidemioclinical characteristics of HFRS in Korea.
| S-EPMC4153883 | biostudies-literature
Project description:AimsThe fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index, calculated using age, platelet count, and levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, is a non-invasive indicator for the detection of liver fibrosis. Advanced hepatic fibrosis is associated with morbidity and mortality in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. However, the relationship between liver fibrosis and the development of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) has not fully been addressed.Methods and resultsWe investigated the association between the FIB-4 index and the new onset of IHD during a 10-year period in a general population of subjects who received annual health examinations (n = 28 990). After exclusion of subjects with missing data and those with a history of IHD at baseline, a total of 13 448 subjects (men/women: 8774/4674, mean age: 48 years) were included. During the 10-year period, 378 men (4.3%) and 77 women (1.6%) had a new onset of IHD. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models with a restricted cubic spline showed that hazard risk for the development of IHD increased with a higher FIB-4 index at baseline after adjustment of age, sex, fatty liver (FL) determined by ultrasonography, estimated glomerular filtration rate, habits of current smoking and alcohol drinking, family history of IHD, and diagnosis of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidaemia. When divided by FL, the FIB-4 index becomes an independent predictor for the development of IHD in subjects with FL but not in those without FL. The addition of the FIB-4 index to traditional risk factors for IHD significantly improved the discriminatory capability.ConclusionA high level of the FIB-4 index predicts the new onset of IHD during a 10-year period.
| S-EPMC9242084 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ImportanceUnreported clinical trial results represent a violation of human rights. Oncology trials account for nearly 30% of interventional biopharmaceutical clinical studies registered on ClinicalTrials.gov and are the most numerous among all disciplines.ObjectiveTo analyze the reporting of results among all interventional oncology trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov from 2007 through 2017.Design, setting, and participantsThis cohort study analyzed all clinical studies registered between June 1, 2007, and May 8, 2017, on ClinicalTrials.gov, the largest public clinical trial registry in the world. Trials with a recruitment status of completed or terminated and a primary completion date of on or before September 30, 2017, were selected. Data were analyzed between February 20, 2021, and February 26, 2021.Main outcomes and measuresThe main outcome was the percentage of trials that reported results either on ClinicalTrials.gov or in journal publications within 24 months of the primary completion date. Journal publication was ascertained by searching ClinicalTrials.gov for a link to the publication, PubMed using national clinical trial number, and Embase using national clinical trial number and filters.ResultsOf the 12 240 clinical trials registered in ClinicalTrials.gov, 7425 trials (60.7%; 95% CI, 60.0%-61.5%) reported results, with a 34.0% (95% CI, 30.3%-37.7%) increase in 24-month reporting rate from 2007 to 2017. Multivariable analyses confirmed that more recent trials (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.11 per year increase; 95% CI, 1.10-1.13) and trials with larger sample sizes (51-100 patients: adjusted HR, 1.17 [95% CI, 1.09-1.24]; >100 patients: adjusted HR, 1.43 [95% CI, 1.33-1.54]) were more likely to report results. Terminated trials were less likely to report results compared with completed trials (adjusted HR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.83-0.93). Compared with trials funded by industry, those funded by the National Institutes of Health were more likely to report results (adjusted HR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.29-1.49), whereas those funded by other academic or nonprofit organizations were less likely to report results (adjusted HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.62-0.70). Among all 7425 trials, the results of 2807 trials (37.8%; 95% CI, 36.7%-38.9%) were posted only on ClinicalTrials.gov. These trials tended to be terminated early and to have small sample sizes (≤50 patients) compared with trials that published results in journals.Conclusions and relevanceThis study found a gradual improvement in results reporting among oncology trials over a 10-year period. Trial registries could serve as a results reporting platform for unpublished trials and as a data source of trial outcomes for future studies.
| S-EPMC8144925 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Although non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered to be associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD), long-term follow up data is lacking. We investigated whether NAFLD, as determined by the fatty liver index (FLI), could predict incident CKD in 10-year prospective cohort study. We also assessed the clinical utility of FLI to predict the development of CKD.6,238 adults aged 40 to 69 years without baseline CKD from the Ansan-Ansung cohort were examined. Patients were classified according to FLI as follows: FLI<30, no NAFLD; FLI≥60, NAFLD; and 30≤ FLI<60, intermediate. Incident CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2. The clinical utility of FLI in predicting incident CKD was estimated via area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC), net reclassification improvement (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) analyses.During an average of 10 years of follow-up, 724 subjects (15.21%) developed CKD. The adjusted hazard ratio [95% confidence interval (CI)] for incident CKD increased in a graded manner with FLI increased (<30 vs. 30-59 vs. ≥60 = 1 vs. 1.17 [0.997-1.375] vs. 1.459 [1.189-1.791], respectively, P for trend = 0.0012). Incorporation of FLI into traditional risk factors of CKD significantly increased prediction of incident CKD based on NRI (17%; 95% CI, 8.9-25%; P-value <0.001) and IDI (0.002; 95% CI, 0.0046-0.0143; P-value = 0.046).FLI, a surrogate marker of NAFLD, was an independent risk factor for incident CKD. FLI provides meaningful incremental risk reclassification beyond that of conventional risk factors of CKD.
| S-EPMC5524328 | biostudies-other
Project description:BackgroundProcedural competency is expected of all emergency medicine (EM) residents upon graduation. The ACGME requires a minimum number of essential procedures to successfully complete training. However, data are limited on the actual number of procedures residents perform and prior studies are limited to single institutions over short time periods. This study sought to assess the number of Key Index Procedures completed during EM residency training and evaluate trends over time.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of graduating EM resident procedure logs across eight ACGME accredited residency programs over the last 10 years (2013-2022). Sites were selected to ensure diversity of program length, program type, and geography. All data from EM residents graduating in 2013-2022 were eligible for inclusion. Data from residents from combined training programs, those who did not complete their full training at that institution (i.e., transferred in/out), or those who did not have data available were excluded. We determined the list of procedures based upon the ACGME Key Index Procedures list. Sites obtained totals for each of the identified procedures for each resident upon graduation. We calculated the mean and 95% CI for each procedure.ResultsWe collected data from a total of 914 residents, with 881 (96.4%) meeting inclusion criteria. The most common procedures were point-of-care ultrasound, adult medical resuscitation, adult trauma resuscitation, and intubation. The least frequent procedures included pericardiocentesis, cricothyroidotomy, cardiac pacing, vaginal delivery, and chest tubes. Most procedures were stable over time with the exception of lumbar punctures (decreased) and point-of-care ultrasound (increased).ConclusionsIn a national sample of EM programs, procedural numbers remained stable except for lumbar puncture and ultrasound. This information can inform residency training curricula and accreditation requirements.
| S-EPMC9899625 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of startle, an operational measure of sensorimotor gating, is used to study normal and pathological brain function. From 2001 to 2016, we screened healthy subjects (HS) to establish their suitability for tests of drug effects on PPI. Because of the size and systematic characterization of this sample across variables of relevance to PPI, we now report these screening results.Acoustic startle and PPI were assessed in HS to identify those eligible for studies of drug effects on PPI from 2001 to 2016, yielding 457 "eligible" subjects.Data confirmed the consistency of PPI across this 15-year period, and supported the role of several variables previously reported to moderate either startle or PPI.Startle and PPI are robust physiological measures that are predictably moderated by specific physiological variables in healthy adults. As such, these measures serve as robust markers of neurobiological processes in healthy and patient populations.
| S-EPMC5297597 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The first goal of this study was to measure the oxidative stress (OS) and relate it to lipoprotein variables in 35 renal patients before dialysis (CKD), 37 on hemodialysis (HD) and 63 healthy subjects. The method for OS was based on the ratio of cholesteryl esters (CE) containing C18/C16 fatty acids (R2) measured by gas chromatography (GC) which is a simple, direct, rapid and reliable procedure. The second goal was to investigate and identify a triacylglycerol peak on GC, referred to as TG48 (48 represents the sum of the three fatty acids carbon chain lengths) which was markedly increased in renal patients compared to healthy controls. We measured TG48 in patients and controls. Mass spectrometry (MS) and MS twice in tandem were used to analyze the fatty acid composition of TG48. MS showed that TG48 was abundant in saturated fatty acids (SFAs) that were known for their pro-inflammatory property. TG48 was significantly and inversely correlated with OS. Renal patients were characterized by higher OS and inflammation than healthy subjects. Inflammation correlated strongly with TG, VLDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein (apo) C-III and apoC-III bound to apoB-containing lipoproteins, but not with either total cholesterol or LDL-cholesterol.In conclusion, we have discovered a new inflammatory factor, TG48. It is characterized with TG rich in saturated fatty acids. Renal patients have increased TG48 than healthy controls.
| S-EPMC3145638 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Obesity is a growing health problem associated with metabolic derangements and cardiovascular disease. Accumulating evidence links the accumulation of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) to these obesity related health risks in adults. Childhood obesity is associated with a lifetime risk of cardiovascular disease and poses a serious challenge to future health care. In children, there is much less data on the prevalence and gender differences of visceral obesity than in adults. This study aims to provide reference values for VAT in children 10-11 years of age.In a cross-sectional study performed in the north western part of theNetherlands, healthy children of 10-11 years of age, were recruited from primary schools. Anthropometric data consisting of height, weight, waist circumference (WC) and BMI were measured. Body composition was measured using DXA, providing measures for bone mineral content, total fat mass (TFM), lean body mass (LBM) and VAT.217 children were eligible for this study. Girls appeared to have a greater TFM (31.4% vs 27.5% of total body weight (TBW); P < .01) but lower VAT (0.3% vs 0.5% of TBW;P < .01) than boys, whereas boys had higher LBM (65.4% vs 69.3% TBW;P < .01). Median VAT area (cm2) was 41.1 for boys and 22.4 for girls (P < .01). Moderate to strong correlations were found for WC and BMI with VAT (boys: r = .664 and r = .630; Girls r = .699 and r = .546 respectively all P < .001).This study shows gender specific differences in VAT percentiles in healthy non-obese 10-11 year old children as measured by DXA that may serve as reference values in children. Independent of BMI and WC, girls tend to have more TFM but less VAT and LBM than boys.
| S-EPMC5082851 | biostudies-literature