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Novel Pyrimidine Derivatives as Potential Anticancer Agents: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Molecular Docking Study.

ABSTRACT: In the present paper, new pyrimidine derivatives were designed, synthesized and analyzed in terms of their anticancer properties. The tested compounds were evaluated in vitro for their antitumor activity. The cytotoxic effect on normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) was also determined. According to the results, all the tested compounds exhibited inhibitory activity on the proliferation of all lines of cancer cells (colon adenocarcinoma (LoVo), resistant colon adenocarcinoma (LoVo/DX), breast cancer (MCF-7), lung cancer (A549), cervical cancer (HeLa), human leukemic lymphoblasts (CCRF-CEM) and human monocytic (THP-1)). In particular, their feature stronger influence on the activity of P-glycoprotein of cell cultures resistant to doxorubicin than doxorubicin. Tested compounds have more lipophilic character than doxorubicin, which determines their affinity for the molecular target and passive transport through biological membranes. Moreover, the inhibitory potential against topoisomerase II and DNA intercalating properties of synthesized compounds were analyzed via molecular docking.

SUBMITTER: Tylinska B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8067809 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Novel quinoxaline derivatives (2a-d, 3, 4a, 4b and 5-15) have been synthesized via the reaction of 4-methyl-3-oxo-3,4-dihydroquinoxaline-2-carbohydrazide (1) with different aldehydes, ketones, diketones, ketoesters, as well as hydrazine, phenyl isothiocyanate, carbon disulphide. The synthesized products have been screened for their in vitro anticancer and COX inhibitory activities. Most of the synthesized compounds exhibited good anticancer and COX-2 inhibitory activities. MTT assay revealed that compounds 11 and 13 were the most potent and exhibited very strong anticancer activity against the three cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 0.81 μM to 2.91 μM. Compounds 4a and 5 come next and displayed strong anticancer activity against the three cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 3.21 μM to 4.54 μM. Mechanistically, compounds 4a and 13 were the most active and potently inhibited EGFR with IC50 = 0.3 and 0.4 μM, respectively. Compounds 11 and 5 come next with IC50 = 0.6 and 0.9 μM, respectively. Moreover, compounds 11 and 13 were the most potent as COX-2 inhibitors and displayed higher potency against COX-2 (IC50 = 0.62 and 0.46 μM, respectively) more than COX-1 (IC50 = 37.96 and 30.41 μM, respectively) with selectivity indexes (SI) of 61.23 and 66.11, respectively. Compounds 4a and 5 comes next with IC50 = 1.17 and 0.83 μM and SI of 24.61 and 48.58, respectively. Molecular docking studies into the catalytic binding pocket of both protein receptors, EGFR and COX-2, showed good correlation with the obtained biological results. Parameters of Lipinski's rule of five and Veber's standard were calculated and revealed that compounds 4a, 5, 11 and 13 had a reasonable drug-likeness with acceptable physicochemical properties. Therefore, based on the obtained biological results accompanied with the docking study and physicochemical parameters, it could be concluded that compounds 4a, 5, 11 and 13 could be used as promising orally absorbed dual anti-inflammatory agents via inhibition of COX-2 enzyme and anticancer candidates via inhibition of EGFR enzyme and could be used as a future template for further investigations.

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Novel Pyrimidine Derivatives as Potential Anticancer Agents: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Molecular Docking Study.

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