Investigation of EDTA concentration on the size of carbonated flowerlike hydroxyapatite microspheres.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Yao S
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8074982 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Calcium phosphates (Ca-P) represent a significant class of biological minerals found in natural hard tissues. Crystallization through phase transformation of a metastable precursor is an effective strategy to guide the growth of crystalline Ca-P with exceptional functionality. Despite extensive research on Ca-P, the exact process during the crystallization of amorphous particles to hydroxyapatite (HA) remains elusive. Herein, pure HA microspheres with a core-shell structure are crystallized via dissolution and re-crystallization of smooth amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) microspheres. The transformation is initiated with the increase of the hydrothermal treatment time in the presence of sodium trimetaphosphate and l-glutamic. The underlying mechanisms along with the kinetics of such transformation are explored. Nanocrystalline areas are formed on the smooth ACP microspheres and crystallization advances via nanometre-sized clusters formed by directional arrangement of nanocrystalline whiskers. Our findings shed light on a crucial but unclear stage in the genesis of HA crystals, specifically under the conditions of hydrothermal synthesis.
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Project description:Rare-earth labeling in biological apatite could provide critical information for the pathologic transition (osteoclastic) and physiologic regeneration (osteogenesis) of bone and teeth because of their characteristic site-sensitive fluorescence in different coordinative conditions of various tissues in many biological processes. However, the rare-earth labeling method for biological apatites, i.e., carbonated-hydroxyapatite, has been rarely found in the literature. In this paper, we report a Pourbaix-diagram guided mineralizing strategy to controllable carbonation and doping of rare-earth ions in the hydroxyapatite (HA) lattice. The carbonation process of hydroxyapatite was achieved by controllable mineralization in hydrothermal condition with K2CO3 as the carbonate source, which results into the pure B-type carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA) with tunable carbonate substitution degree. All of the as-synthesized materials crystalized into P63/m (No. 176) space group with the lattice parameter of a decreases and c increases with the increasing of carbonate content in the reactants. Structural refinement results revealed that the substitution of planar CO32- is superimposed on one of the faces of PO43- tetrahedral sub-units with a rotation angle of 30° in reference to c-axis. All of the hydrothermally synthesized CHA nanocrystals show hexagonal rod-like morphology with the length of 70-110 nm and diameter of 21-35 nm, and the decreasing length/diameter ratio from 3.61 to 2.96 from low to high carbonated level of the samples. Five rare-earth cations, of Pr3+, Sm3+, Eu3+, Tb3+, and Ho3+, were used as possible probe ions that can be doped into either HA or CHA lattice. The site-preference of Tb3+ doping is the same in the crystallographic site of HA and CHA according to characteristic emission peaks of 5D4-7Fj (j = 3-6) transitions in their photoluminescent spectroscopy. Our work provides a controllable carbonation method for rare-earth labeling hydroxyapatite nanomaterials with potential biologically active implant powders for bone repair and tissue regeneration.
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Project description:Handling and properties of nanoparticles strongly depend on processes that take place on their surface. Specific surface area and adsorption capacity strongly increase as the nanoparticle size decreases. A crucial factor is adsorption of water from ambient atmosphere. Considering the ever-growing number of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles applications, we decided to investigate how the size of nanoparticles and the changes in relative air humidity affect adsorption of water on their surface. Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles of two sizes: 10 and 40 nm, were tested. It was found that the nanoparticle size has a strong effect on the kinetics and efficiency of water adsorption. For the same value of water activity, the quantity of water adsorbed on the surface of 10 nm nano-hydroxyapatite was five times greater than that adsorbed on the 40 nm. Based on the adsorption isotherm fitting method, it was found that a multilayer physical adsorption mechanism was active. The number of adsorbed water layers at constant humidity strongly depends on particles size and reaches even 23 layers for the 10 nm particles. The amount of water adsorbed on these particles was surprisingly high, comparable to the amount of water absorbed by the commonly used moisture-sorbent silica gel.
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