A Bone-Hamstring Autograft for Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Zhou R
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8085407 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Four-strand hamstring autograft is a common choice for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. A potential disadvantage of hamstring autograft for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is the inherent variability in graft diameter. Multiple studies have shown increased revision rates when using an undersized hamstring graft. Using an EndoButton (Smith & Nephew, Andover, MA) for femoral tunnel fixation, we convert a standard quadrupled hamstring graft into a 5-strand graft by creating 3 equal strands of the typically larger semitendinosus combined with a double-stranded gracilis. This technique may help alleviate some surgeon reluctance to use a hamstring graft by providing an intraoperative "bailout" option for an unexpectedly small tendon. On the basis of current data, increasing the diameter of the graft in these situations may decrease revision rates.
| S-EPMC4175544 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionThe use of implant in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction has been associated with several drawbacks including graft injury, implant osteolysis, implant migration and soft tissue irritation. Implant-free ACL reconstruction surgery offers additional benefits of cost-effective, improved graft incorporation and ease of revision surgery. Our study aimed to compare the functional outcome of ACL reconstruction by using bone-patellar tendon autograft with press-fit fixation technique and hamstring autografts with implant.MethodsA prospective cohort study design was used. Between March 2013 and March 2014, 12 patients underwent patella tendon-bone graft fixated by press-fit fixation technique (implant-free), while 24 patients underwent ACL reconstruction using implant-fixated hamstring tendon graft. Objective functional outcome was measured by using rolimeter, and subjective functional outcome was measured according to the functional score of IKDC, Tegner-Lysholm and KOOS.ResultsBoth techniques have shown no significant difference in terms of functional outcome, whether assessed by rolimeter measurement, IKDC score, Tegner-Lysholm, KOOS score between implant group and implant-free group, preoperatively and postoperatively.DiscussionOur study results are in line with several other studies with various follow-up time and systematic review. With the right technique, graft harvesting of patella tendon-tibial tuberosity bone block can be successfully performed, and associated donor site morbidity can be avoided.ConclusionPatients who underwent ACL reconstruction using implant-free technique by press-fit fixation had comparable outcome with ACL reconstruction with implant, objectively and subjectively. This technique should be further revisited and reevaluated.
| S-EPMC7937666 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Growing participation in youth athletics has resulted in increased numbers of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in skeletally immature patients. Use of autogenous graft material has been associated with improved graft survival. However, pediatric patients sometimes possess hamstring tendons that produce smaller-diameter grafts than those prepared with adult autogenous materials. Smaller-diameter grafts may predispose younger patients to graft failure. We describe a technique that increases the diameter of the ACL construct through the use of an 8-strand autologous hamstring tendon graft. The 8-strand ACL autograft is commonly used in all-inside ACL reconstruction surgery.
| S-EPMC5310149 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We present a technique for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using hamstring tendon autograft with preserved tibial insertions. The tendons, harvested with an open-ended tendon stripper while their tibial insertions are preserved, are looped around to prepare a quadrupled graft. The femoral tunnel is drilled independently through a transportal technique, whereas the tibial tunnel is drilled in a standard manner. The length of the quadrupled graft and loop of the RetroButton is adjusted so that it matches the calculated length of both tunnels and the intra-articular part of the proposed ACL graft. After the RetroButton is flipped, the graft is manually tensioned with maximal stretch on the free end, which is then sutured to the other end with preserved insertions. We propose that preserving the insertions is more biological and may provide better proprioception. The technique eliminates the need for a tibial-side fixation device, thus reducing the cost of surgery. Furthermore, tibial-side fixation of the free graft is the weakest link in the overall stiffness of the reconstructed ACL, and this technique circumvents this problem. Postoperative mechanical stability and functional outcome with this technique need to be explored and compared with those of ACL reconstruction using free hamstring autograft.
| S-EPMC4912599 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The bone-tendon-bone (BTB) autograft is widely used for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. However, the primary disadvantages of this technique include postoperative kneeling pain, the risk of perioperative patellar fracture, and graft-tunnel mismatch. Therefore, a single bone plug technique for ACL reconstructions was developed to mitigate the disadvantages of the BTB technique. To differentiate this graft, we have coined the term BTA, for bone-tendon-autograft. The middle third of the patellar tendon is used with a typical width of 10 to 11 mm. A standard tibial tubercle bone plug is harvested. The length of the patellar tendon and graft construct is then measured. If the tendon is >45 mm and the construct at least 70 mm, then we proceed with the BTA technique. At the inferior pole of the patella, electrocautery is used to harvest the tendon from the patella. The advantages of this technique include faster graft harvest and preparation. Obviating the patellar bone plug harvest should eliminate the risk of perioperative patellar fracture and theoretically will mitigate donor site morbidity and kneeling pain, 2 of the most commonly cited complications of the use of BTB autografts for ACL reconstruction. In conclusion, the BTA technique is a reliable technique for ACL reconstruction.
| S-EPMC7587499 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeTo assess the clinical outcomes comparing rectangular bone-tendon-bone (BTB) grafts and double-bundle hamstring tendon (HM) grafts used for anatomic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in young female athletes.MethodsFrom January 2014 to November 2017, young female athletes 20 years or younger who underwent primary ACL reconstructions by a single surgeon were identified. Patients with concomitant injuries, not being a regular sports participant, the existence of contralateral ACL reconstruction, and who did not have a minimum of 1-year follow-up were excluded. We searched the rate and time for return-to-play, clinical outcomes including chronological instrumental side-to-side tibial translation difference, and muscle strength. Second ACL injury rates between the 2 groups during follow-up period were evaluated.ResultsTwenty-seven BTB ACL reconstructions and 29 HM ACL reconstructions were performed. The mean follow-up periods were 35.2 months in the BTB group and 33.8 months in the HM group. The BTB group showed better knee stability in mean side-to-side translational difference via arthrometric testing of 0.6 mm in the BTB versus 1.7 mm in the HM group at 5 months (P = .01) and 1.1 mm and 2.0 mm at 12 months, respectively (P = .02). There was no significant side-by-side difference in quadriceps muscle strength ratio, but the hamstring muscle strength was significantly better in the BTB group. The graft reinjury rate in the BTB group and the HM group was 0% (0/27) and 10.3% (3/29) (P = .09), respectively. In contrast, contralateral ACL injuries occurred in 17.3% (4/27) of the BTB group and 3.5% (1/29) of the HM group (P = .12).ConclusionsFor young female athletes aged 20 years or younger, the BTB group had better knee instrumental stability than the HM group without range of motion loss or knee extensor muscle strength deficit. Although there was no statistical significance in terms of second ACL injury, we observed fewer graft rerupture and an increasing rate of contralateral ACL injuries in the BTB group.Level of evidenceLevel III, retrospective comparative study.
| S-EPMC7879188 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The optimal treatment of a ruptured anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) restores the patient's native anatomy and biomechanics as close to normal as possible. The purpose of this technical note is to describe an ACL reconstruction technique in which a double-bundle concept is used, wherein one bundle contains repaired ACL tissue and the second bundle contains a hamstring autograft, and each bundle is tensioned independently. Even in chronic cases, this technique allows for incorporation of the native ACL because, more often than not, there is sufficient tissue of good quality available for repair of one bundle. By augmenting the ACL repair with an autograft sized to the fit the individual anatomy, the patient's ACL tibial footprint can be closely restored to normal, and the potential benefits of tissue preservation are combined with the biomechanical strengths of an autograft double-bundle ACL reconstruction.
| S-EPMC10265486 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft has long been considered the graft preference for young, active patients with anterior cruciate ligament injuries. The central-third of the native patellar tendon is a reliable graft and is the preferred option for competitive athletes given its excellent track record with high return-to-play rates and low failure rates. Disadvantages to using this graft include donor site morbidity and associated postoperative anterior knee pain, the risk of patellar fracture or patellar tendon tear, and the potential for graft-construct mismatch. In this Technical Note, we describe our preferred technique for bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft harvest and preparation for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
| S-EPMC5621981 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Purpose To compare failure rates and clinical outcomes after hamstring autograft anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with and without allograft augmentation by a single surgeon otherwise using the same surgical technique. Methods This was a retrospective analysis with prospectively collected patient-reported outcomes of primary hamstring autograft ACL reconstruction with and without allograft augmentation performed in a military population by a single surgeon. The primary outcome measure was graft failure, defined as graft rupture confirmed by use of magnetic resonance imaging scans and/or revision ACL reconstruction. The secondary outcome measure was the postoperative Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score. Results This study included 112 patients with a mean follow-up period of 65.3 months. In patients with a graft diameter of 8 mm or greater, there was no difference in failure rates (9.4% for autograft only vs 6.3% for hybrid, P = .59). There was a higher failure rate in patients in the autograft-only group with a graft diameter of less than 8 mm (29.4%) when compared with the hybrid graft group (6.3%, P = .008). There were no hybrid grafts less than 8 mm in diameter. There were no differences in the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score between groups as long as the graft diameter was 8 mm or greater. Conclusions In patients undergoing hamstring ACL reconstruction, there was no significant difference in graft failure rates or outcome scores between autograft only and autograft with allograft augmentation as long as grafts were 8 mm or greater. High failure rates were seen when the graft diameter was less than 8 mm. Level of Evidence Level III, retrospective cohort study.
| S-EPMC10300597 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Despite the popularity of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction procedures, the ideal graft for reconstruction remains a matter of controversy. The ideal graft for ACL reconstruction should have histologic and biomechanical characteristics similar to those of the native ACL; should be quickly and fully incorporated within the bony tunnels; should maintain its viscoelastic properties for a long time; should have minimal donor-site morbidity; should be of sufficient length and diameter; should have minimal adverse effects on the extensor mechanism; should have no risk of rejection or disease transmission; and should be cost-effective and readily available. Synthetic grafts are not widely accepted because of their dangerous complications. The main sources of grafts for ACL reconstruction are allografts and autografts. Each type of graft has its own relative advantages and disadvantages. Allografts are not available in every country, besides being expensive, and there are many concerns regarding disease transmission. Autografts, particularly bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB), and hamstring tendon grafts have been the standard for ACL reconstruction. The main advantage of autogenous BPTB grafts is the direct bone-to-bone healing in the tunnel, whereas the main disadvantages of such grafts are related to donor-site morbidity, anterior knee pain, and extensor mechanism dysfunction. The popularity of autogenous hamstring tendon grafts for ACL reconstruction is increasing, but there are still concerns regarding the slow soft tissue-to-bone healing, with delayed healing and incorporation of the graft. We describe a technique for ACL reconstruction with autogenous hamstring-bone graft, aiming to produce a type of graft that combines the main advantages of BPTB and hamstring grafts, with avoidance of the main disadvantages of these 2 most commonly used graft types in ACL reconstruction.
| S-EPMC5622011 | biostudies-literature