Breast Cancer Statistics in Korea, 2018.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Kang SY
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8090800 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:This article provides an annual update of Korean breast cancer statistics, including the incidence, tumor stage, type of surgical treatment, and mortality. The data was collected from the Korean Breast Cancer Society registry system and Korean Central Cancer Registry. In 2019, 29,729 women were newly diagnosed with breast cancer. Breast cancer has continued to increase in incidence since 2002 and been the most common cancer in Korean women since 2019. Of the newly diagnosed cases in 2019, 24,820 (83.5%) were of invasive carcinomas, and 4,909 (16.5%) were of carcinoma in situ. The median age of women with breast cancer was 52.8 years, and breast cancer was most commonly diagnosed in the age group of 40-49 years. The number of patients who have undergone breast conserving surgery has continued to increase since 2016, with 68.6% of patients undergoing breast conserving surgery in 2019. The incidence of early-stage breast cancer continues to increase, with stage 0 or I breast cancer accounting for 61.6% of cases. The most common subtype of breast cancer is the hormone receptor-positive human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative subtype (63.1%). The 5-year relative survival rate of patients with breast cancer from 2015 to 2019 was 93.6%, with an increase of 14.3% compared to that from 1993 to 1995. This report improves our understanding of breast cancer characteristics in South Korea.
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Project description:PurposeThe current study provides national cancer statistics and their secular trends in Korea, including incidence, mortality, survival, and prevalence in 2018.Materials and methodsIncidence, survival, and prevalence rates of cancer were calculated using the Korea National Cancer Incidence Database, from 1999 to 2018, with survival follow-up until December 31, 2019. Deaths from cancer were assessed using causes-of-death data obtained from Statistics Korea. Crude and age-standardized rates (ASRs) for incidence, mortality, prevalence, and 5-year relative survival rates were calculated, and temporal trends for incidence and mortality rates were evaluated, with annual percentage changes.ResultsIn 2018, newly diagnosed cancer cases and deaths from cancer were reported as 243,837 (ASR, 270.4 per 100,000) and 79,153 (ASR, 73.3 per 100,000), respectively. The overall cancer incidence rates increased by 3.3% annually from 1999 to 2012, and decreased by 5.4% annually from 2012 to 2015, thereafter, followed by nonsignificant changes. Cancer mortality rates have been decreasing since 2002, with more rapid decline in recent years (annual decrease of 2.7% from 2007 to 2014; 3.7% from 2014 to 2018). The 5-year relative survival between 2014 and 2018 was 70.3%, which contributed to prevalent cases reaching over 2 million by the end of 2018.ConclusionCancer statistics have improved significantly during the past two decades. However, there remain important challenges to be solved, such as controlling cancers with low survival rates. Cancer statistics can be used to discover blind spots in cancer control, and as evidence for developing and implementing future cancer control strategies.
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Project description:This article describes the breast cancer statistics in Korea, including the incidence, type of surgical procedure, stage, and molecular subtype, using the Korean Breast Cancer Society (KBCS) and Korea Central Cancer Registry data. There were a total of 26,534 new breast cancer diagnoses in 2017 in Korea, of which 4,139 were carcinoma in situ cases and 22,395 were invasive cancer cases. The age standardized rate of breast cancer was 75.3 per 100,000 women in 2017 (63.0 of invasive carcinoma and 12.3 of carcinoma in situ), and it has been steadily increasing across all age groups. Breast cancer occurred most commonly in the 40-49 age group. Compared to 2016, breast conserving surgery (BCS) has increased, and 67.4% of patients were treated with BCS in 2017. The proportions of stage 0 and stage I have continued to increase, accounting for 60.7%. The most common subtype of breast cancer was hormone receptor (HR) positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) negative type comprising 65.9% of the cases, whereas HR negative and HER2 positive type was the rarest comprising 10.2% of the cases. The 5-year relative survival rate of breast cancer patients had increased by 14.0% from 79.2% in 1993-1995 to 93.2% in 2013-2017. It is essential to actively enter breast cancer data into the KBCS registry to improve our understanding.
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Project description:South Korea is the fastest aging country in the world, having become an aged society in 2017, with over 14% of its population aged 65 years or older. This Korean Geriatrics Fact Sheet 2018 aimed to overview and clarify the current geriatric burden and its trends in South Korea. Using nationwide surveys and public reports from government or related organizations, especially the 2017 Survey of the Living Conditions and Welfare Needs of Korean Older Persons from the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs, our committee has summarized the profile, socioeconomic status, health-related lifestyles, geriatric syndromes with major comorbidities, and use of healthcare services in the aging population. We hope that this review will publicize the social burden and seriousness of the aging problem in Korea.
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Project description:In 2018, there will be approximately 22,240 new cases of ovarian cancer diagnosed and 14,070 ovarian cancer deaths in the United States. Herein, the American Cancer Society provides an overview of ovarian cancer occurrence based on incidence data from nationwide population-based cancer registries and mortality data from the National Center for Health Statistics. The status of early detection strategies is also reviewed. In the United States, the overall ovarian cancer incidence rate declined from 1985 (16.6 per 100,000) to 2014 (11.8 per 100,000) by 29% and the mortality rate declined between 1976 (10.0 per 100,000) and 2015 (6.7 per 100,000) by 33%. Ovarian cancer encompasses a heterogenous group of malignancies that vary in etiology, molecular biology, and numerous other characteristics. Ninety percent of ovarian cancers are epithelial, the most common being serous carcinoma, for which incidence is highest in non-Hispanic whites (NHWs) (5.2 per 100,000) and lowest in non-Hispanic blacks (NHBs) and Asians/Pacific Islanders (APIs) (3.4 per 100,000). Notably, however, APIs have the highest incidence of endometrioid and clear cell carcinomas, which occur at younger ages and help explain comparable epithelial cancer incidence for APIs and NHWs younger than 55 years. Most serous carcinomas are diagnosed at stage III (51%) or IV (29%), for which the 5-year cause-specific survival for patients diagnosed during 2007 through 2013 was 42% and 26%, respectively. For all stages of epithelial cancer combined, 5-year survival is highest in APIs (57%) and lowest in NHBs (35%), who have the lowest survival for almost every stage of diagnosis across cancer subtypes. Moreover, survival has plateaued in NHBs for decades despite increasing in NHWs, from 40% for cases diagnosed during 1992 through 1994 to 47% during 2007 through 2013. Progress in reducing ovarian cancer incidence and mortality can be accelerated by reducing racial disparities and furthering knowledge of etiology and tumorigenesis to facilitate strategies for prevention and early detection. CA Cancer J Clin 2018;68:284-296. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
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Project description:PurposeThis study aimed to identify maternal, infant, and perinatal mortality using the nationalpopulation data of South Korea between 2018 and 2020, and to analyze mortality rates according tocharacteristics such as age, date of death, and cause of death in each group. This study updates themost recent study using 2009 to 2017 data.MethodsAnalyses of maternal, infant, and perinatal mortality were done with data identifiedthrough the supplementary investigation system for cases of death from the Census of PopulationDynamics data provided by Statistics Korea from 2018 to 2020.ResultsBetween 2018 and 2020, a total of 99 maternal deaths, 2,427 infant deaths, and 2,408 perinatal deaths were identified from 901,835 live births. The maternal mortality ratio was 11.3 deathsper 100,000 live births in 2018; it decreased to 9.9 in 2019 but increased again to 11.8 in 2020. Thematernal mortality ratio increased steeply in women over the age of 40 years. An increasing trend inthe maternal mortality ratio was found for complications related to the puerperium and hypertensive disorders. Both infant and perinatal mortality continued to decrease, from 2.8 deaths per 1,000live births in 2018 to 2.5 in 2020 and from 2.8 in 2018 to 2.5 in 2020, respectively.ConclusionOverall, the maternal, infant, and perinatal mortality statistics showed improvements.However, more attention should be paid to women over 40 years of age and specific causes of maternal deaths, which should be taken into account in Korea's maternal and child health policies.
| S-EPMC9830121 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeThe current study provides national cancer statistics and their secular trends in Korea, including incidence, mortality, survival, and prevalence in 2019.Materials and methodsIncidence, survival, and prevalence rates of cancer were calculated using the Korea National Cancer Incidence Database, from 1999 to 2019, with survival follow-up until December 31, 2020. Deaths from cancer were assessed using causes-of-death data obtained from Statistics Korea.ResultsIn 2019, newly diagnosed cancer cases and deaths from cancer were reported as 254,718 (ASR, 275.4 per 100,000) and 81,203 (ASR, 72.2 per 100,000), respectively. For the first time, lung cancer (n=29,960) became the most frequent cancer in Korea, excluding thyroid cancer. The overall cancer incidence rates increased by 3.3% annually from 1999 to 2012, and decreased by 5.3% annually from 2012 to 2015, thereafter, followed by nonsignificant changes. The incidence of thyroid cancer increased again from 2016 (annual percentage change, 6.2%). Cancer mortality rates have been decreasing since 2002, with more rapid decline in recent years (annual decrease of 2.7% from 2002 to 2013; 3.3% from 2013 to 2019). The 5-year relative survival between 2015 and 2019 was 70.7%, which contributed to prevalent cases reaching over 2 million in 2019.ConclusionCancer survival rates have improved over the past decades, but the number of newly diagnosed cancers is still increasing, with some cancers showing only marginal improvement in survival outcomes. As the number of cancer survivors increases, a comprehensive cancer control strategy should be implemented in line with the changing aspects of cancer statistics.
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Project description:PurposeThe current study provides national cancer statistics and their secular trends in Korea, including incidence, mortality, survival, and prevalence in 2021.Materials and methodsIncidence, survival, and prevalence rates of cancer were calculated using the Korea National Cancer Incidence Database, from 1999 to 2021, with survival follow-up until December 31, 2022. Deaths from cancer were assessed using causes-of-death data obtained from Statistics Korea.ResultsThe number of new cancer diagnoses in 2021 increased by 27,002 cases (10.8%) compared to 2020. In 2021, newly diagnosed cancer cases and deaths from cancer were reported as 277,523 (age-standardized rate [ASR], 289.3 per 100,000) and 82,688 (ASR, 67.6 per 100,000), respectively. The overall cancer incidence rates increased by 3.3% annually from 1999 to 2012, and decreased by 5.3% from 2012 to 2015, thereafter, followed by non-significant changes. Cancer mortality rates have been decreasing since 2002, with more rapid decline in recent years (annual decrease of 2.8% from 2002 to 2013; 3.2% from 2013 to 2021). The 5-year relative survival between 2017 and 2021 was 72.1%, which contributed to prevalent cases reaching over 2.4 million in 2021.ConclusionIn 2021, the number of newly diagnosed cancer patients increased as healthcare utilization recovered from the coronavirus disease 2019-related declines of 2020. Revised cancer registration guidelines expanded the registration scope, particularly for stomach and colorectal cancer. Survival rates have improved over the years, leading to a growing population of cancer survivors, necessitating a comprehensive cancer control strategy. The long-term impact of the pandemic on cancer statistics requires future investigation.
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Project description:This article reviews the clinically most relevant presentations at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) annual meeting 2018 on the topic of metastatic breast cancer. In the randomized placebo-controlled phase 3 trial MONALEESA-3, testing ribociclib vs. placebo in combination with fulvestrant in postmenopausal women or men with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) and HER2-negative (HER2-) advanced breast cancer (ABC), an increase of median progression-free survival (PFS) from 12.8 months to 20.5 months by the addition of the CDK4/6 inhibitor was reported (HR 0.59; P > 0.01). Taselisib, an alpha specific PI3K inhibitor, was tested in combination with fulvestrant in pretreated HR+/HER2- ABC patients with PIK3CA mutations in the placebo-controlled phase 3 trial SANDPIPER. PFS was significantly longer (7.4 months vs 5.4 months; HR 0.70, P < 0.01) but severe adverse events were more frequent (32% and 9%) in the taselisib group. In triple-negative breast cancer, the AKT inhibitor capivasertib (AZD5363) was combined with paclitaxel as first-line treatment in the placebo-controlled phase 2 trial PAKT. In patients with altered PIK3CA, AKT1 or PTEN, median PFS increased from 3.7 months to 9.3 months (HR 0.30; two-sided P = 0.01). No treatment effect was shown in the non-altered group. The most common adverse events attributed to capivasertib were diarrhea, fatigue and stomatitis. Results of two phase I trials of trastuzumab antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) indicated HER2 as a non-oncogenic surface target in breast cancer patients expressing HER2.
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Project description:BackgroundThe Korea Hypertension Fact Sheet 2018 aims to overview the magnitude and management status of hypertension, and their trends in Korea.MethodsThe Hypertension Epidemiology Research Group analyzed the 1998-2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data and the 2002-2016 Korea National Health Insurance Big Data.ResultsThe population average of systolic/diastolic blood pressure was 118/77 mmHg among Korean adults (age 30+) in 2016, showing little change in recent 10 years. However, the number of people with hypertension increased steadily, exceeding 11 million. The number of people diagnosed with hypertension increased from 3 million in 2002 to 8.9 million in 2016. The number of people using antihypertensive medication increased from 2.5 million in 2002 to 8.2 million in 2016. However, only 5.7 million people are being treated constantly. Hypertension awareness, treatment, and control rates increased fast until 2007, but showed a plateau thereafter. More than half of the young hypertensive patients (30-49 years) did not know about and treat for their hypertension. Among patients prescribed antihypertensive medications, 45% was elderly people over the age of 65 years, 57% used anti-diabetic or cholesterol-lowering medications, and 60% were prescribed two or more class of antihypertensive medications simultaneously.ConclusionsIn Korea, the level of hypertension management has considerably improved over the last 20 years. In order to achieve further improvement in hypertension management status, we need to find the vulnerable subgroups and develop subgroup-specific intervention strategies. It is also becoming more important to manage hypertensive patients at older age and those with concurrent chronic diseases.
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