Recent consumption of a caffeine-containing beverage and serum biomarkers of cardiometabolic function in the UK Biobank.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Cornelis MC
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8093320 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Similar Datasets
Project description:BackgroundMechanisms linking habitual consumption of coffee and tea to the development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases remain unclear.ObjectivesWe leveraged dietary, genetic, and biomarker data collected from the UK Biobank to investigate the role of different varieties of coffee and tea in cardiometabolic health.MethodsWe included data from ≤447,794 participants aged 37-73 y in 2006-2010 who provided a blood sample and completed questionnaires regarding sociodemographic factors, medical history, diet, and lifestyle. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine the association between coffee or tea consumption and blood concentrations of glycated hemoglobin, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, fasting triglycerides (TGs), apoA-1, apoB, lipoprotein-a, and C-reactive protein (CRP). Lifestyle and genetic factors affecting caffeine metabolism, responses, or intake were tested for interactions with beverage intake in relation to biomarker concentrations.ResultsCompared with coffee nonconsumers, each additional cup of coffee was significantly associated with higher total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol concentrations and lower TG and CRP concentrations in both men and women (P-trend < 0.002). Higher consumption of espresso coffee (≥2 compared with 0 cups/d) was associated with higher LDL cholesterol in men (β: 0.110 mmol/L; 95% CI: 0.058, 0.163 mmol/L) and women (β: 0.161 mmol/L; 95% CI: 0.088, 0.234 mmol/L), whereas no substantial association was observed for instant coffee. Compared with tea nonconsumers, higher tea consumption was associated with lower total and LDL cholesterol and apoB and higher HDL cholesterol (P-trend < 0.002); these associations were similar for black and green tea. Associations were not modified by genetics.ConclusionsIn the UK Biobank, consumption of certain coffee brews such as espresso had unfavorable associations with blood lipids, whereas consumption of tea had favorable associations. Findings were not modified by genetic variants affecting caffeine metabolism, suggesting a role of noncaffeine constituents of these beverages in cardiometabolic health.
| S-EPMC7549305 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveSugar-containing beverages (SCBs) including 100% fruit juice, fruit drinks and soda substantially contribute to total caloric intake in young children. The objective of this study was to examine whether consumption of SCB is associated with cardiometabolic risk (CMR) in preschool children, along with whether 100% fruit juice and sugar sweetened beverage (SSB) is associated with CMR.Study designWe used a repeated measures study design examining SCB consumption and CMR outcomes measured concurrently in children 3-6 years of age participating in TARGet Kids!, a primary-care, practice-based research network in Canada (2008-2017). To account for within-person variability, multivariable linear regression models using generalized estimating equation was used to examine the association between SCB consumption and CMR score and the individual CMR score components including systolic blood pressure, waist circumference, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), triglycerides, and glucose.ResultsAfter adjusting for sociodemographic, familial and child-related covariates, higher SCB consumption was associated with elevated CMR score [0.05 (95% CI -0.0001 to 0.09), p = 0.05], including lower HDL-c [-0.02 mmol/L (95% CI -0.03 to -0.01), p = 0.01] and higher triglycerides [0.02 mmol/L (95% CI 0.004 to 0.04), p = 0.02]. When examined separately, higher 100% fruit juice [-0.02 mmol/L (95% CI -0.03 to -0.003), p = 0.02] and SSB[-0.03 mmol/L (95% CI -0.06 to -0.001), p = 0.04] consumption were each associated with lower HDL-c.ConclusionHigher SCB consumption was associated with small elevations of CMR in preschool children. Our findings support recommendations to limit overall intake of SCBs in early childhood, in effort to reduce the potential long-term burden of CMR.
| S-EPMC6994294 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Clinical evidence points to the premise that caffeine may benefit cognition, but whether these findings extend to real life settings and amidst factors that impact caffeine metabolism is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of recent caffeine drinking on cognitive ability while additionally accounting for lifestyle and genetic factors that impact caffeine metabolism. We included up to 434,900 UK Biobank participants aged 37-73 years, recruited in 2006-2010, who provided biological samples and completed touchscreen questionnaires regarding sociodemographic factors, medical history, lifestyle, and diet. Recent caffeine drinking (yes/no in the last hour) was recorded during a physical assessment. Participants completed at least one of four self-administered cognitive function tests using the touchscreen system: prospective memory (PM), pairs matching (Pairs), fluid intelligence (FI), and reaction time (RT). Multivariable regressions were used to examine the association between recent caffeine drinking and cognition test scores. We also tested interactions between recent caffeine drinking and a genetic caffeine-metabolism score (CMS) on cognitive function. Among white participants, recent caffeine drinking was associated with higher performance on RT but lower performance on FI, Pairs, and PM (p ? 0.004). Similar directions of associations for FI (p = 0.09), Pairs (p = 0.03), and PM (p = 0.34) were observed among non-white participants. No significant and consistent effect modification by age, sex, smoking, test time, habitual caffeine intake, or CMS was observed. Caffeine consumed shortly before tasks requiring shorter reaction times may improve task performance. Potential impairments in memory and reasoning tasks with recent caffeine drinking warrant further study.
| S-EPMC7399821 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeWe examined the association of habitual caffeine intake with intraocular pressure (IOP) and glaucoma and whether genetic predisposition to higher IOP modified these associations. We also assessed whether genetic predisposition to higher coffee consumption was related to IOP.DesignCross-sectional study in the UK Biobank.ParticipantsWe included 121 374 participants (baseline ages, 39-73 years) with data on coffee and tea intake (collected 2006-2010) and corneal-compensated IOP measurements in 2009. In a subset of 77 906 participants with up to 5 web-based 24-hour-recall food frequency questionnaires (2009-2012), we evaluated total caffeine intake. We also assessed the same relationships with glaucoma (9286 cases and 189 763 controls).MethodsWe evaluated multivariable-adjusted associations with IOP using linear regression and with glaucoma using logistic regression. For both outcomes, we examined gene-diet interactions using a polygenic risk score (PRS) that combined the effects of 111 genetic variants associated with IOP. We also performed Mendelian randomization using 8 genetic variants associated with coffee intake to assess potential causal effects of coffee consumption on IOP.Main outcome measuresIntraocular pressure and glaucoma.ResultsMendelian randomization analysis did not support a causal effect of coffee drinking on IOP (P > 0.1). Greater caffeine intake was associated weakly with lower IOP: the highest (≥232 mg/day) versus lowest (<87 mg/day) caffeine consumption was associated with a 0.10-mmHg lower IOP (Ptrend = 0.01). However, the IOP PRS modified this association: among those in the highest IOP PRS quartile, consuming > 480 mg/day versus < 80 mg/day was associated with a 0.35-mmHg higher IOP (Pinteraction = 0.01). The relationship between caffeine intake and glaucoma was null (P ≥ 0.1). However, the IOP PRS also modified this relationship: compared with those in the lowest IOP PRS quartile consuming no caffeine, those in the highest IOP PRS quartile consuming ≥ 321 mg/day showed a 3.90-fold higher glaucoma prevalence (Pinteraction = 0.0003).ConclusionsHabitual caffeine consumption was associated weakly with lower IOP, and the association between caffeine consumption and glaucoma was null. However, among participants with the strongest genetic predisposition to elevated IOP, greater caffeine consumption was associated with higher IOP and higher glaucoma prevalence.
| S-EPMC8154631 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Study questionIs caffeine and caffeinated beverage consumption associated with the risk of spontaneous abortion (SAB)?Summary answerWhile preconceptional caffeine consumption was not materially associated with an increased risk of SAB, consumption during early pregnancy was associated with a small increased risk of SAB, although the relation was not linear.What is known alreadyCaffeine has been hypothesized as a risk factor for SAB since the 1980s; however, results from previous studies have been conflicting.Study design, size, durationThis prospective cohort study included 5132 Danish women planning pregnancy and enrolled from 2007 to 2010.Participants/materials, setting, methodsParticipants were women who conceived after entry into the Snart-Gravid cohort and who were aged 18-40, in a stable relationship with a male partner, and did not use fertility treatments to conceive. Women reported their daily caffeine and caffeinated beverage consumption on questionnaires before conception and during early pregnancy. All exposure measurements were prospective with respect to outcome ascertainment. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) of SAB for categories of caffeine consumption in milligrams (mg) per day and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using Cox proportional hazards regression models with gestational weeks as the time scale.Main results and the role of chanceThere were 732 women (14.3%) who were identified as having a SAB. In the preconceptional period, caffeine consumption was not materially associated with SAB risk (HR comparing ≥300 with <100 mg/day: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.89, 1.33). In early pregnancy, the HRs for 100-199, 200-299 and ≥300 mg/day of caffeine consumption were 1.62 (95% CI: 1.19, 2.22), 1.48 (95% CI: 1.03, 2.13) and 1.23 (95% CI: 0.61, 2.46), respectively, compared with that for <100 mg/day.Limitations, reasons for cautionThe observed results may be affected by non-differential exposure misclassification, reverse causation and residual confounding.Wider implications of the findingsThis is the largest study to date of prospectively measured, preconception caffeine consumption and risk of SAB. We were able to reduce the likelihood of differential left truncation bias and recall bias present in other analyses.Study funding/competing interestsSnart-Gravid was funded by the NICHD (R21-050264). Dr. Hahn's work was funded in part by the BU Reproductive, Perinatal, and Pediatric Epidemiology Training Grant NIH #T32HD052458. There are no competing interests.
| S-EPMC4400202 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ImportanceWomen are recommended to limit caffeine consumption to less than 200 mg per day based on risks to fetal health. Impacts of caffeine on maternal health remain unclear.ObjectiveTo determine whether caffeinated-beverage intake and plasma caffeine and paraxanthine are associated with cardiometabolic complications in pregnancy (ie, gestational diabetes [GDM], preeclampsia, and gestational hypertension [GH]).Design, setting, and participantsThis cohort study used data from a longitudinal pregnancy cohort study from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Fetal Growth Studies-Singletons (2009-2013). This post hoc secondary analysis of 2802 pregnant women without major chronic conditions enrolled at 12 US clinical sites was completed in 2021. The final sample for caffeinated beverage analyses included 2583 women. After excluding women who did not consent to have their biospecimens stored for future research (n = 54), plasma caffeine analyses included 2529 women. Analyses of caffeine consumption and fasting cardiometabolic profiles included 319 women.ExposuresDaily total caffeine intake was estimated at 10 to 13 gestational weeks and 16 to 22 gestational weeks based on self-reported past week intake of caffeinated coffee, tea, soda, and energy drinks. Plasma caffeine and paraxanthine were measured in specimens collected at 10 to 13 weeks.Main outcomes and measuresClinical diagnoses of GDM, preeclampsia, GH, glucose concentrations from GDM screening, and blood pressure were extracted from medical records.ResultsParticipants had a mean (SD) age of 28.1 (5.5) years and 422 participants (16.3%) were Asian/Pacific Islander women, 741 (28.9%) were Hispanic women, 717 (27.8%) were non-Hispanic Black women, and 703 (27.2%) were non-Hispanic White women. At 10 to 13 weeks, 1073 women (41.5%) reported consuming no caffeinated beverages, 1317 (51.0%) reported consuming 1 mg/d to 100 mg/d, 173 (6.7%) reported consuming 101 mg/d to 200 mg/d, and 20 (0.8%) reported consuming more than 200 mg/d. At 16 to 22 weeks, 599 women (23.6%) reported consuming no caffeinated beverages, 1734 (68.3%) reported consuming 1 mg/d to 100 mg/d, 186 (7.3%) reported consuming 101 mg/d to 200 mg/d, and 20 (0.8%) reported consuming more than 200 mg/d caffeinated beverages. Intake at 16 to 22 weeks was associated with lower GDM risk and lower glucose concentrations (1 mg/d to 100 mg/d vs none: relative risk, 0.53 [95% CI, 0.35 to 0.80]; β, -2.7 mg/dL [95% CI, -5.4 mg/dL to 0 mg/dL]) and lower C-reactive protein and C-peptide concentrations and favorable lipid profiles. Total plasma caffeine and paraxanthine at 10 to 13 weeks was inversely associated with glucose (quartile 4 vs quartile 1: β = -3.8 mg/dL [95% CI, -7.0 mg/dL to -0.5 mg/dL]; trend of P = .01). No associations were observed with preeclampsia or GH.Conclusions and relevanceIn this cohort study, second trimester caffeinated beverage intake within current recommendations was associated with lower GDM risk, but not preeclampsia or GH. These findings may be reassuring for women with moderate caffeine intake.
| S-EPMC8576579 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Caffeine has beneficial effects on firefighter job performance reducing fatigue and improving psychomotor vigilance. However, excessive caffeine intake may raise blood pressure (BP) following a bout of acute exercise among adults with elevated BP. The influence of caffeine intake on the ambulatory BP (ABP) response to vigorous physical exertion among firefighters has not been studied. In this sub-study we conducted secondary statistical analyses from a larger clinical trial (NCT04514354) that included examining the influence of habitual caffeine intake, and cardiometabolic biomarkers shown to influence BP, on the ABP response following a bout of sudden vigorous exertion over 19 h among firefighters. Previously, we found high amounts of calcium and sodium intake raised BP following a bout of acute exercise among adults with elevated BP. Thus, other secondary aims were to examine the influence of habitual calcium and sodium intake, and cardiometabolic biomarkers have shown to influence BP, on the ABP response following sudden vigorous exertion over 19 h among firefighters. Firefighters (n = 15) completed a Food-Frequency Questionnaire assessing habitual dietary intake over the past year. They randomly completed a maximal graded exercise stress test (GEST) and non-exercise CONTROL on separate non-workdays leaving the laboratory wearing an ABP monitor for 19 h. Prior to and immediately after the GEST, fasting venous blood was collected to measure lipid-lipoproteins, c-reactive protein, and blood glucose. Height and weight were taken to calculate body mass index. Repeated measures ANCOVA tested if the ABP response differed after GEST vs. CONTROL. Linear mixed models examined the relationships among caffeine, calcium, sodium, cardiometabolic biomarkers, and the ABP response following GEST vs. CONTROL. Firefighters were middle-aged (40.2 ± 9.5 year), overweight (29.0 ± 3.9 kg/m2) men with elevated BP (124.1 ± 10.3/79.6 ± 11.5 mmHg) who consumed 542.0 ± 348.9 mg of caffeine/day, about ~50% more than the dietary reference intake. Unexpectedly, systolic ABP was higher by 18.0 ± 6.7 mmHg and diastolic ABP by 9.1 ± 5.4 mmHg (ps < 0.01) over 19 h following GEST vs. CONTROL. We found 24% of the variance in the adverse ABP response to maximal physical exertion was explained by caffeine intake, and when combined with c-reactive protein, non-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, body mass index, blood glucose, and resting heart rate, up to 74% of the variability in the ABP response was explained. Additionally, we found calcium (ps < 0.001) and sodium (p < 0.0001) intake each explained up to 24% of the ABP response. Further investigation is needed in a larger, more diverse sample of firefighters to better establish how caffeine contributes to the adverse BP response to strenuous physical exertion.
| S-EPMC9572770 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundAlthough the association between beverages and a single cardiometabolic disease has been well studied, their role in disease progression from the single cardiometabolic disease state to cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) state remains unclear. This study examined the associations between three types of beverages: sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs), and pure fruit/vegetable juices, and the incidence of CMM in patients with a single cardiometabolic disease.MethodsOur analysis included 37,994 participants from the UK Biobank who completed at least one dietary questionnaire and were diagnosed with only one cardiometabolic disease at the time of recruitment. Competing risk models were used to examine the association between the three types of beverages and incidence of CMM. We conducted analysis both in patients with any single cardiometabolic disease and in patients with specific cardiometabolic disease.ResultsDuring a median follow-up of 9.1 years (interquartile range [IQR] 9.0-9.8), a total of 6399 participants developed CMM. The consumption of SSBs and ASBs (>1 serving per day) was associated with a higher risk of CMM (SSBs: hazard ratio [HR] 1.19, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.08-1.31; ASBs: HR 1.15, 95% CI 1.04-1.27). Intake of pure fruit/vegetable juices was inversely associated with the incidence of CMM (0-1 serving per day: HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.85-0.94; >1 serving per day: HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.81-0.99). However, the association of the high-level consumption of pure fruit/vegetable juices (>1 serving per day) was not statistically significant after correcting for multiple testing. In the analysis of patients with specific cardiometabolic diseases, positive associations were observed in patients with hypertension for SSBs consumption, while inverse associations persisted in patients with cardiovascular disease (coronary heart disease or stroke) and in hypertensive patients for pure fruit/vegetable juice consumption.ConclusionsConsuming >1 serving of SSBs and ASBs per day was associated with a higher risk of CMM in patients with a single cardiometabolic disease. In contrast, intake of pure fruit/vegetable juices was inversely associated with the risk of CMM. Our findings highlight the need to limit the use of SSBs and ASBs in patients with a single cardiometabolic disease.
| S-EPMC9386995 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ImportanceAn increasing body of evidence indicates an association between consuming sugar or its alternatives and cardiometabolic diseases. However, the effects of the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages, and natural juices on kidney health remain unclear.ObjectiveTo investigate the association of the intake of sugar-sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages, and natural juices with the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and the effect of substituting these beverage types for one another on this association.Design, setting, and participantsThis prospective, population-based cohort study analyzed data from the UK Biobank. Participants without a history of CKD who completed at least 1 dietary questionnaire were included. The follow-up period was from the date of the last dietary questionnaire until October 31, 2022, in England; July 31, 2021, in Scotland; and February 28, 2018, in Wales. Data were analyzed from May 1 to August 1, 2023.ExposuresConsumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages, and natural juices.Main outcomes and measuresThe primary outcome was incident CKD. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the associations between the 3 beverage types and incident CKD. A substitution analysis was used to evaluate the effect on the associations of substituting one beverage type for another.ResultsA total of 127 830 participants (mean [SD] age, 55.2 [8.0] years; 66 180 female [51.8%]) were included in the primary analysis. During a median (IQR) follow-up of 10.5 (10.4-11.2) years, 4459 (3.5%) cases of incident CKD occurred. The consumption of more than 1 serving per day of sugar-sweetened beverages was associated with higher risk of incident CKD (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 1.19 [95% CI, 1.05-1.34]) compared with not consuming sugar-sweetened beverages. The AHR for participants consuming more than 0 to 1 serving per day of artificially sweetened beverages was 1.10 (95% CI, 1.01-1.20) and for consuming more than 1 serving per day was 1.26 (95% CI, 1.12-1.43) compared with consuming no artificially sweetened beverages. By contrast, there was no significant association between natural juice intake and incident CKD (eg, for >1 serving per day: HR, 0.99 [95% CI, 0.87-1.11]; P = .10). Substituting sugar-sweetened beverages with artificially sweetened beverages did not show any significant difference in the risk of CKD (HR, 1.03 [95% CI, 0.96-1.10]). Conversely, replacing 1 serving per day of sugar-sweetened beverage with natural juice (HR, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.87-0.97]) or water (HR, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.88-0.99]) or replacing 1 serving per day of artificially sweetened beverage with natural juice (HR, 0.90 [95% CI, 0.84-0.96]) or water (HR, 0.91 [95% CI, 0.86-0.96]) was associated with a reduced risk of incident CKD.Conclusions and relevanceFindings from this cohort study suggest that lower consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages or artificially sweetened beverages may reduce the risk of developing CKD.
| S-EPMC10902724 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Abstract Objectives A meta-analysis of 11 CHARGE cohorts (N = 63,599) suggested that genetic variants within or near the CHREBP locus may modify the associations between sugar sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) concentrations. The study objective was to replicate these findings in a large independent cohort. Methods Blood lipids and 24-hour recalls were available for 57,794 adults of European ancestry in the UK Biobank (2006-‘10). SSBs included “squash” and “fizzy” drinks derived from a single 24-hr recall. A total of 875 SNPs within or near the CHREBP locus were identified and included in this analysis. Associations between these SNPs and HDL-C and TG concentrations were quantified among participants who did not report SSB consumption (non-consumers, n = 45,866), reported ≥0.5 servings/day of SSB (consumers, n = 11,928), and a subset of consumers who reported ≥2 servings/day of SSB (high consumers, n = 3742). Interaction between SSB and selected SNPs on HDL-C and TG concentrations was evaluated by examining the difference in beta coefficients between strata. Results were considered statistically significant at a Bonferroni-corrected pinteract < 0.0001 (0.05/499 effective tests). Results A significant interaction between SSB consumption and TBL2-rs71556729 on HDL-C concentration previously observed in the meta-analysis was replicated in UK Biobank. However, we observed a stronger interaction for a SNP in high linkage disequilibrium (R2 = 0.93) FZD9-rs34821369 (MAF = 0.03, pinteract = 8.2E-05) with TBL2-rs71556729 (MAF = 0.03, pinteract = 0.0004). Among only SSB consumers, each additional minor G allele at FZD9-rs34821369 was associated with mean HDL-C concentrations 1.63 mg/dL (SE = 0.53, P = 0.002) higher than those with the major T allele. Conclusions Our results suggest that adults with the minor allele at FZD9-rs34821369 may be protected against SSB-induced low HDL-C concentrations. These results are consistent the findings from a prior meta-analysis of 11 cohorts. Funding Sources NIH, AHA, USDA-ARS. This research has been conducted using the UK Biobank Resource (Application Number 35,835).
| S-EPMC7258097 | biostudies-literature