Dorsoventral inversion of the air-filled organ (lungs, gas bladder) in vertebrates: RNAsequencing of laser capture microdissected embryonic tissue.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Funk E
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8094346 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:How modification of gene expression generates novel traits is key to understanding the evolutionary process. Here we investigated the genetic basis for the origin of the piscine gas bladder from lungs of ancestral bony vertebrates. Distinguishing these homologous organs is the direction of budding from the foregut during development; lungs bud ventrally and the gas bladder buds dorsally. We investigated whether this morphological inversion is associated with the molecular inversion of conserved genes regulating lung and gas bladder development. Using laser-capture microdissection and RNA-seq, we assayed transcript abundance and compared expression patterns between dorsal and ventral foregut tissues at three developmental stages spanning gasbladder development. Our focal taxon, bowfin (Amia calva), representing the sistergroup to teleosts, is an early diverging ray-finned fish with a gas bladder. We discovered a number of genes with unknown function during lung development that are differentially expressed during gas bladder development and annotated to functions relevant for organ budding. We also identified several known lung-regulatory genes that exhibit inverted dorsoventral expression during gasbladder development relative to lung development. In particular, we found Tbx5 is strongly expressed in the dorsal mesoderm surrounding the gas bladder during bowfin development, and several interacting genes are co-expressed dorsally with Tbx5. In contrast, in mouse and bichir (Polypterus senegalus), the only ray-finned fish that have lungs, Tbx5 is expressed in the ventral lung mesoderm during lung development. Our data demonstrating dorsoventral inversion of conserved genes suggest that these genes may have contributed to the evolutionary transition between ventral lungs and a dorsal gas bladder in ray-finned fishes.
2021-05-12 | GSE152992 | GEO
Project description:Dorsal-ventral inversion in the air-filled organ (lungs, gas bladder) of vertebrates: RNA-sequencing of laser capture microdissected embryonic tissue
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Project description:Laser capture microdissection (LCM) is a superior method for nondestructive collection of specific cell populations from tissue sections. Although DNA, RNA, and protein have been analyzed from LCM-procured samples, epigenetic analyses, particularly of fetal, highly hydrated tissue, have not been attempted. A standardized protocol with quality assurance measures was established to procure cells by LCM of the medial edge epithelia (MEE) of the fetal palatal processes for isolation of intact microRNA for expression analyses and genomic DNA (gDNA) for CpG methylation analyses. MicroRNA preparations, obtained using the RNAqueous Micro kit (Life Technologies), exhibited better yields and higher quality than those obtained using the Arcturus PicoPure RNA Isolation kit (Life Technologies). The approach was validated using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to determine expression of selected microRNAs (miR-99a and miR-200b) and pyrosequencing to determine CpG methylation status of selected genes (Aph1a and Dkk4) in the MEE. These studies describe an optimized approach for employing LCM of epithelial cells from fresh frozen fetal tissue that enables quantitative analyses of microRNA expression levels and CpG methylation.
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Project description:The purpose of this study was to identify differentially expressed genes in laser-capture microdissected (LCM) invasive mammary carcinomas (IMCs). Invasive mammary carcinoma of the breast surgical resection specimens were laser capture microdissected for RNA extraction and hybridization to Affymetrix microarrays.
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Project description:The combination of stable isotope labeling of amino acids in mammals (SILAM) and laser capture microdissection (LCM) for selective proteomic analysis of the targeted tissues holds tremendous potential for refined characterization of proteome changes within complex tissues such as the brain. The authors have applied this approach to measure changes in relative protein abundance in ventral tegmental area (VTA) of the rat brain that correlate to pharmacological perturbations. Enriched (13)C6(15)N2-lysine was introduced in vivo via diet. These animals were sacrificed during the middle of the 12-hour light period to extract isotopically "heavy" proteins, which were then used as a reference for extracts from dosed, unlabeled rats. Animals were administered an orexin peptide (Ox-B), an orexin receptor antagonist (ORA), or a mixture of both (Ox-B + ORA). All samples were obtained at same phase of the sleep cycle. Labeled-pair identification and differential quantitation provided protein identification and expression ratio data. Five proteins were found to exhibit decreased relative abundance after administration of an ORA, including ?-synuclein and rat myelin basic protein. Conversely, six proteins showed increased relative abundance upon antagonist treatment, including 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase.
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Project description:Development of novel mid-infrared (MIR) lasers could ultimately boost emerging detection technologies towards innovative spectroscopic and imaging solutions. Photoacoustic (PA) modality has been heralded for years as one of the most powerful detection tools enabling high signal-to-noise ratio analysis. Here, we demonstrate a novel, compact and sensitive MIR-PA system for carbon dioxide (CO2) monitoring at its strongest absorption band by combining a gas-filled fiber laser and PA technology. Specifically, the PA signals were excited by a custom-made hydrogen (H2) based MIR Raman fiber laser source with a pulse energy of ⁓ 18 μJ, quantum efficiency of ⁓ 80% and peak power of ⁓ 3.9 kW. A CO2 detection limit of 605 ppbv was attained from the Allan deviation. This work constitutes an alternative method for advanced high-sensitivity gas detection.
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Project description:Mass spectrometry (MS)-based label-free proteomics offers an unbiased approach to screen biomarkers related to disease progression and therapy-resistance of breast cancer on the global scale. However, multi-step sample preparation can introduce large variation in generated data, while inappropriate statistical methods will lead to false positive hits. All these issues have hampered the identification of reliable protein markers. A workflow, which integrates reproducible and robust sample preparation and data handling methods, is highly desirable in clinical proteomics investigations. Here we describe a label-free tissue proteomics pipeline, which encompasses laser capture microdissection (LCM) followed by nanoscale liquid chromatography and high resolution MS. This pipeline routinely identifies on average ?10,000 peptides corresponding to ?1,800 proteins from sub-microgram amounts of protein extracted from ?4,000 LCM breast cancer epithelial cells. Highly reproducible abundance data were generated from different technical and biological replicates. As a proof-of-principle, comparative proteome analysis was performed on estrogen receptor ? positive or negative (ER+/-) samples, and commonly known differentially expressed proteins related to ER expression in breast cancer were identified. Therefore, we show that our tissue proteomics pipeline is robust and applicable for the identification of breast cancer specific protein markers.
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Project description:The combination of laser capture microdissection and mass spectrometry represents a powerful technology for studying spatially resolved proteomes. Moreover, the compositions of integral membrane proteomes have rarely been studied in a spatially resolved manner. In this study, ocular lens tissue was carefully dissected by laser capture microdissection and conditions for membrane protein enrichment, trypsin digestion, and mass spectrometry analysis were optimized. Proteomic analysis allowed the identification of 170 proteins, 136 of which were identified with more than one peptide match. Spatial differences in protein expression were observed between cortical and nuclear samples. In addition, the spatial distribution of post-translational modifications to lens membrane proteins, such as the lens major intrinsic protein AQP0, were investigated and regional differences were measured for AQP0 C-terminal phosphorylation and truncation.
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Project description:Gaining insights into the molecular events that govern the progression from melanoma in situ to advanced melanoma and understanding how the local microenvironment at the melanoma site influences this progression are two clinically pivotal aspects that to date are largely unexplored. In an effort to identify key regulators of the crosstalk between melanoma cells and the melanoma-skin microenvironment, primary and metastatic human melanoma cells were seeded into skin organ cultures (SOCs) and grown for two weeks. Melanoma cells were recovered from SOCs by laser microdissection and whole-cell tryptic digests were analyzed by nanoflow liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The differential protein abundances were calculated by spectral counting, the results of which provides evidence that cell-matrix and cell-adhesion molecules that are upregulated in the presence of these melanoma cells recapitulate proteomic data obtained from comparative analysis of human biopsies of invasive melanoma and a tissue sample of adjacent, noninvolved skin. This concordance demonstrates the value of SOCs for conducting proteomic investigations of the melanoma microenvironment.
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Project description:We performed gene expression profiling of laser capture microdissected normal non-neoplastic prostate (cystoprostatectomies) epithelial tissue and compared it to non-transformed and neoplastic low and high grade prostate epithelial tissue from radical prostatectomies, each with its immediately surrounding stroma.
2017-09-12 | GSE97284 | GEO