A Case of Aneurysmal Coronary Artery Fistula to Left Ventricle.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Yamauchi S
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8099576 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:We present a case of 48-year-old male who presented with coronary artery fistula draining into left ventricle. Transthoracic echocardiography showed abnormal blood flow draining into left ventricle, with enlarged coronary arteries and multiple vascular structures around ventricular myocardium. Coronary computed tomography revealed dilatation of entire left coronary artery which was wrapping around left ventricle, and draining into the posterior side of left ventricle. He did not undergo any invasive treatment, because he was not symptomatic.
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Project description:RationaleCases of coronary artery fistula having a connection with the cardiac cavity are rare. Here, we report a case in which 2 coronary arteries empty into the left ventricular cavity together.Patient concernsA 63-year-old woman who was diagnosed as having hypertension 20 years prior presented with dyspnea.DiagnosesThe coronary angiography revealed coronary artery fistula.InterventionsChest X-ray showed pulmonary edema. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed moderately decreased left ventricular (LV) function and increased LV end-diastolic volume and mass index. Coronary angiography and cardiac computed tomography revealed that 2 coronary arteries joined together at the distal end and directly drained into the left ventricular cavity bypassing the myocardial capillary vessels. We started medical treatment for heart failure with an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, loop diuretic, and spironolactone.OutcomesThe pulmonary edema improved rapidly. The patient did not experience dyspnea after discharge, and follow-up echocardiography showed improved cardiac function.Main lessonCoronary artery fistula could be found incidentally on coronary angiography performed for varied reasons. Physicians must decide carefully whether the fistula needs to be treated in view of the clinical context.
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Project description:We report on a 2-week-old infant with huge left main coronary artery-to-right ventricular outflow tract fistula causing myocardial ischemia due to global coronary steal who was successfully submitted to percutaneous closure guided by a 3-dimensional–printed model using a duct-occluder vascular plug. (Level of Difficulty: Advanced.) Central Illustration
| S-EPMC10313481 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Coronary-cameral fistulas are rare congenital malformations, often incidentally found during cardiac catheterizations. The majority of these fistulas are congenital in nature but can be acquired secondary to trauma or invasive cardiac procedures. These fistulas most commonly originate in the right coronary artery and terminate into the right ventricle and least frequently drain into the left ventricle. Depending upon their size and location, coronary-cameral fistulas can lead to congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, and bacterial endocarditis. We describe a case of 49-year-old woman who presented with worsening exertional dyspnea and leg swelling. Transthoracic echocardiogram revealed an ejection fraction of 35%. Cardiac catheterization demonstrated a fistula connecting the left anterior descending artery and the first obtuse marginal artery to the left ventricle. In this report, the authors provide a concise review on coronary fistulas, complications, and management options.
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Project description:BackgroundCoronary artery fistula complicated with giant coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is a rare cardiac malformation, and its surgical indications and treatment strategies still need further discussion.Case summaryIn this case, a 41-year-old man had complained of occasional dizziness for 2 years, but he did not seek medical attention until he started to feel palpitations. A right coronary artery (RCA)-left ventricular (LV) fistula with giant RCA of diffuse ectasia was firstly revealed by transthoracic echocardiography. A widened left ventricle and significantly constricted right atrium and right ventricle were also detected by three-dimensional coronary artery computed tomography. Surgical treatment, including the repair of the RCA-LV fistula, the resection and reconstruction of the dilated RCA and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) under hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass, were performed to correct the malformation. The patient presented a favourable health condition without any discomfort at the 1-year follow-up.DiscussionCAE can be caused by various congenital or acquired factors. Surgical treatment, such as transcatheter embolization excision, surgical ligation or resection for symptomatic patients with CAE three times or larger than the reference diameter, has been reported to have satisfactory results. Additionally, CABG can be selected if myocardial perfusion is compromised and the distal branch is of reasonable size. In this case, the giant ectasia of the RCA may have been a consequence of the congenital RCA-LV fistula. Atherosclerosis, with calcified plaques in the RCA, and the patient's long-term history of smoking may have contributed to the development of giant ectasia of the RCA.
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Project description:Background:Ischaemic chest pain can be originated by different causes. Among all, coronary fistulas are rarely the reason. Such entities are usually asymptomatic and can be diagnosed by echocardiography or coronary angiography. In an even rarer scenario, coronary fistulas might dilate and form an aneurysm. Case summary:We report the case of a 62-year-old patient who was initially referred to the emergency department for stable angina. Coronary angiography and computed tomography scan showed a giant aneurysm relating to a coronary fistula with a course from the circumflex coronary artery to the superior vena cava. The aneurysm was critically compressing the left anterior descending coronary artery. It was confirmed and resolved by surgery. Discussion:Giant aneurysms of a coronary fistula are very uncommon entities. We describe a rare case of angina caused by extrinsic compression of the left anterior descending artery from a giant aneurysm of a coronary fistula.
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Project description:BackgroundCoexistence of coronary artery fistulas and atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD) is rare.Case summaryWe present a unique case of a patient initially presenting with an anterior ST-elevation myocardial infarction, subsequently found to have two-vessel CAD and an aneurysmal left coronary-to-right pulmonary artery fistula.DiscussionAfter discussion with the patient and a multidisciplinary discussion with the heart team, consisting of cardiovascular surgery, interventional cardiology, and vascular surgery, a percutaneous approach was chosen. He underwent successful multivessel percutaneous coronary intervention followed by fistula embolization.
| S-EPMC8189310 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Surgical ligation and transcatheter occlusion are the mainstream for the treatment of coronary artery fistulas (CAFs). However, these techniques applied to tortuous and aneurysmal CAF, especially those draining into left-heart, have their known drawbacks. We report, a successful percoronary device closure of such CAF, originating from left main coronary artery and draining into left atrium, through a left subaxillary minithoracotomy. Through a puncture on the distal straight course, we occluded CAF exclusively under transesophageal echocardiography guidance. Complete occlusion was achieved. It's a simple, safe, and effective alternative for tortuous, large, and aneurysmal CAFs draining into the left heart.
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