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CD82 is a marker to isolate β cell precursors from human iPS cells and plays a role for the maturation of β cells.

ABSTRACT: Generation of pancreatic β cells from pluripotent stem cells is a key technology to develop cell therapy for insulin-dependent diabetes and considerable efforts have been made to produce β cells. However, due to multiple and lengthy differentiation steps, production of β cells is often unstable. It is also desirable to eliminate undifferentiated cells to avoid potential risks of tumorigenesis. To isolate β cell precursors from late stage pancreatic endocrine progenitor (EP) cells derived from iPS cells, we have identified CD82, a member of the tetraspanin family. CD82⁺ cells at the EP stage differentiated into endocrine cells more efficiently than CD82^- EP stage cells. We also show that CD82⁺ cells in human islets secreted insulin more efficiently than CD82^- cells. Furthermore, knockdown of CD82 expression by siRNA or inhibition of CD82 by monoclonal antibodies in NGN3⁺ cells suppressed the function of β cells with glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, suggesting that CD82 plays a role in maturation of EP cells to β cells.

SUBMITTER: Watanabe A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8100138 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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CD82 is a useful marker to isolate b cell precursors from human iPS-derived cells and plays a role for the maturation of b cells

Project description:Gene expression analysis of the differentiation process of iPS cells to pancreatic islet cells has revealed that expression of CD82 defines a subset of iPS cell-derived pancreatic endocrine progenitors (EP). While some cell surface proteins such as CD142, CD200 and SUSD2 have been reported as markers of pancreatic progenitor (PP) and EP, CD82+ EP cells are distinct from those PP and EP characterized by the previously identified markers. CD82+ cells isolated from EP cells efficiently differentiated into pancreatic endocrine cells, particularly β cells. Also, CD82+ cells isolated from human cadaver pancreases secreted insulin in response to a high glucose concentration. Furthermore, blocking of CD82 expression by siRNA or inhibition of CD82 in EP by monoclonal antibodies suppressed maturation of β cells, indicating that CD82 plays a role for maturation of EP to β cells. In conclusion, this study identified CD82 not only as a useful marker to isolate β cell precursors but also as an important molecule for functional maturation of β cells.

2022-03-01 | GSE142367 | GEO

CD82 is a useful marker to isolate b cell precursors from human iPS-derived cells and plays a role for the maturation of b cells

Project description:CD82 is a useful marker to isolate b cell precursors from human iPS-derived cells and plays a role for the maturation of b cells

| PRJNA596768 | ENA

CPM Is a Useful Cell Surface Marker to Isolate Expandable Bi-Potential Liver Progenitor Cells Derived from Human iPS Cells.

Project description:To develop a culture system for large-scale production of mature hepatocytes, liver progenitor cells (LPCs) with a high proliferation potential would be advantageous. We have found that carboxypeptidase M (CPM) is highly expressed in embryonic LPCs, hepatoblasts, while its expression is decreased along with hepatic maturation. Consistently, CPM expression was transiently induced during hepatic specification from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). CPM(+) cells isolated from differentiated hiPSCs at the immature hepatocyte stage proliferated extensively in vitro and expressed a set of genes that were typical of hepatoblasts. Moreover, the CPM(+) cells exhibited a mature hepatocyte phenotype after induction of hepatic maturation and also underwent cholangiocytic differentiation in a three-dimensional culture system. These results indicated that hiPSC-derived CPM(+) cells share the characteristics of LPCs, with the potential to proliferate and differentiate bi-directionally. Thus, CPM is a useful marker for isolating hiPSC-derived LPCs, which allows development of a large-scale culture system for producing hepatocytes and cholangiocytes.

| S-EPMC4624956 | biostudies-literature

Myogenic Precursors from iPS Cells for Skeletal Muscle Cell Replacement Therapy.

Project description:The use of adult myogenic stem cells as a cell therapy for skeletal muscle regeneration has been attempted for decades, with only moderate success. Myogenic progenitors (MP) made from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are promising candidates for stem cell therapy to regenerate skeletal muscle since they allow allogenic transplantation, can be produced in large quantities, and, as compared to adult myoblasts, present more embryonic-like features and more proliferative capacity in vitro, which indicates a potential for more self-renewal and regenerative capacity in vivo. Different approaches have been described to make myogenic progenitors either by gene overexpression or by directed differentiation through culture conditions, and several myopathies have already been modeled using iPSC-MP. However, even though results in animal models have shown improvement from previous work with isolated adult myoblasts, major challenges regarding host response have to be addressed and clinically relevant transplantation protocols are lacking. Despite these challenges we are closer than we think to bringing iPSC-MP towards clinical use for treating human muscle disease and sporting injuries.

| S-EPMC4470123 | biostudies-literature

An HDAC2-TET1 switch at distinct chromatin regions significantly promotes the maturation of pre-iPS to iPS cells.

Project description:The maturation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) is one of the limiting steps of somatic cell reprogramming, but the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. Here, we reported that knockdown of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) specifically promoted the maturation of iPS cells. Further studies showed that HDAC2 knockdown significantly increased histone acetylation, facilitated TET1 binding and DNA demethylation at the promoters of iPS cell maturation-related genes during the transition of pre-iPS cells to a fully reprogrammed state. We also found that HDAC2 competed with TET1 in the binding of the RbAp46 protein at the promoters of maturation genes and knockdown of TET1 markedly prevented the activation of these genes. Collectively, our data not only demonstrated a novel intrinsic mechanism that the HDAC2-TET1 switch critically regulates iPS cell maturation, but also revealed an underlying mechanism of the interplay between histone acetylation and DNA demethylation in gene regulation.

| S-EPMC4477660 | biostudies-literature

TIMP-1 and CD82, a promising combined evaluation marker for PDAC.

Project description:Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) is a widely secreted protein that regulates cell motility, proliferation, and apoptosis. Although it is recognized that TIMP-1-tetraspanin CD63 regulates epithelial cell apoptosis and proliferation, how TIMP-1 controls cell motility is not well understood. In this study, we identify tetraspanin CD82 (also called KAI1) as a component of the promiscuous TIMP-1 interacting protein complex on cell surface of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells. CD82 directly binds to TIMP-1 N-terminal region through its large extracellular loop and co-localizes with TIMP-1 in both cancer cell lines and clinical samples. Moreover, CD82 facilitates membrane-bound TIMP-1 endocytosis, which significantly contributes to the anti-migration effect of TIMP-1. CD82 silencing partially eliminates these functions. TIMP-1 and CD82 expression status in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) might demonstrate future usefulness as a differentiation marker and give us new insight into tumorigenic metastatic potential.

| S-EPMC5351648 | biostudies-literature

DELAY OF GERMINATION 1 plays a role in Arabidopsis seed maturation

Project description:We analysed the transcriptome of dry seeds (the end product of seed maturation) of three genotypes with different DOG1 expression levels. These included the WT Ler (low DOG1 expression), the near isogenic line NILDOG1-Cvi (strong DOG1 expression) and the non-dormant dog1-1 mutant (absence of DOG1 expression). NILDOG1-Cvi is the Ler WT containing an introgression of the Cvi accession on chromosome 5, which includes the DOG1 gene (Bentsink et al., 2006). The dog1-1 mutant is in the NILDOG1-Cvi genetic background. The aim was to obtain a global overview of the effect of different levels of DOG1 expression during seed maturation on the dry seed transcriptome. Gene expression in dry seeds of three genotypes was compared: Ler, NILDOG1 and the dog1-1 mutant. For each genotype, three replicates were used.

2016-01-14 | E-GEOD-65471 | biostudies-arrayexpress

[FeFe]-hydrogenase maturation: insights into the role HydE plays in dithiomethylamine biosynthesis.

Project description:HydE and HydG are radical S-adenosyl-l-methionine enzymes required for the maturation of [FeFe]-hydrogenase (HydA) and produce the nonprotein organic ligands characteristic of its unique catalytic cluster. The catalytic cluster of HydA (the H-cluster) is a typical [4Fe-4S] cubane bridged to a 2Fe-subcluster that contains two carbon monoxides, three cyanides, and a bridging dithiomethylamine as ligands. While recent studies have shed light on the nature of diatomic ligand biosynthesis by HydG, little information exists on the function of HydE. Herein, we present biochemical, spectroscopic, bioinformatic, and molecular modeling data that together map the active site and provide significant insight into the role of HydE in H-cluster biosynthesis. Electron paramagnetic resonance and UV-visible spectroscopic studies demonstrate that reconstituted HydE binds two [4Fe-4S] clusters and copurifies with S-adenosyl-l-methionine. Incorporation of deuterium from D2O into 5'-deoxyadenosine, the cleavage product of S-adenosyl-l-methionine, coupled with molecular docking experiments suggests that the HydE substrate contains a thiol functional group. This information, along with HydE sequence similarity and genome context networks, has allowed us to redefine the presumed mechanism for HydE away from BioB-like sulfur insertion chemistry; these data collectively suggest that the source of the sulfur atoms in the dithiomethylamine bridge of the H-cluster is likely derived from HydE's thiol containing substrate.

| S-EPMC4839199 | biostudies-literature

CD82 Is a Marker for Prospective Isolation of Human Muscle Satellite Cells and Is Linked to Muscular Dystrophies.

Project description:Cell-surface markers for prospective isolation of stem cells from human skeletal muscle have been difficult to identify. Such markers would be powerful tools for studying satellite cell function during homeostasis and in pathogenesis of diseases such as muscular dystrophies. In this study, we show that the tetraspanin KAI/CD82 is an excellent marker for prospectively isolating stem cells from human fetal and adult skeletal muscle. Human CD82+ muscle cells robustly engraft into a mouse model of muscular dystrophy. shRNA knockdown of CD82 in myogenic cells reduces myoblast proliferation, suggesting it is functionally involved in muscle homeostasis. CD82 physically interacts with alpha7beta1 integrin (?7?1-ITG) and with ?-sarcoglycan, a member of the Dystrophin-Associated Glycoprotein Complex (DAPC), both of which have been linked to muscular dystrophies. Consistently, CD82 expression is decreased in Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients. Together, these findings suggest that CD82 function may be important for muscle stem cell function in muscular disorders.

| S-EPMC5135584 | biostudies-literature

The transcription factor MEF2A plays a key role in the differentiation/maturation of rat neural stem cells into neurons.

Project description:Neural stem cells (NSCs) are self-renewing multipotent stem cells that can be proliferated in vitro and differentiated into neuronal and/or glial lineages, making them an ideal model to study the processes involved in neuronal differentiation. Here we have used NSCs to investigate the role of the transcription factor MEF2A in neuronal differentiation and development in vitro. We show that although MEF2A is present in undifferentiated NSCs, following differentiation it is expressed at significantly higher levels in a subset of neuronal compared to non-neuronal cells. Furthermore, shRNA-mediated knockdown of MEF2A reduces the number of NSC-derived neurons compared to non-neuronal cells after differentiation. Together, these data indicate that MEF2A participates in neuronal differentiation/maturation from NSCs.

| S-EPMC5956278 | biostudies-literature

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