Dataset Information

Effects of TNF-α and IL-10-819 T>C single nucleotide polymorphisms on urogenital schistosomiasis in preschool children in Zimbabwe.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Knowledge gaps exist between host genetic factors and susceptibility to schistosomiasis.

Objective

This study determined cytokine levels and single nucleotide polymorphisms of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α (rs1800629) and interleukin (IL)-10 (rs1800871) and their possible impact on susceptibility to schistosomiasis in preschool-age children in the Madziva area of Shamva district, Mashonaland Central province, Zimbabwe.

Methods

Urogenital schistosomiasis was diagnosed using the urine filtration method, while a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used for cytokine level determination. The survey was done in August 2015 and reinfection levels post treatment were assessed at 3, 6 and 12 months. Amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction with visualisation on 2% agarose gel electrophoresis was used for genotyping.

Results

Schistosomiasis prevalence was found to be 10.5% (59/563). Reinfections were detected in only six children at 3 months and only one was reinfected at 12 months. There were no significant differences in TNF-α-308 G/A allele or genotype frequencies between the Schistosoma haematobium infected participants (p = 0.360) and uninfected participants (p = 0.279). However, no children with the IL-10-819 TT genotype had schistosomiasis. The TNF-α GG genotype corresponded with significantly lower TNF-α levels when compared with the GA or AA genotypes (p < 0.001), and TNF-α levels were significantly lower in infected children compared to uninfected children (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Higher TNF-α levels and lower IL-10 levels are potentially protective against schistosomiasis infection. The IL-10-819 TT genotype is potentially protective against infection through its association with lower IL-10 levels.

SUBMITTER: Marume A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8111665 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Similar Datasets

Project description:PurposeCytokines regulate the interaction between the immune system and malignant tumors. Among them, interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a multifunctional anti-inflammatory cytokine mainly produced by immune cells. The correlation between gastric cancer and T/C single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of interleukin-10 (IL-10) promoter-819(rs1800871)was opaque and remained to be determined. We aim to explore the pertinence of gastric cancer and SNP of interleukin 10-819 by meta-analysis via five statistical models.MethodsDatabases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, the Scopus, and Google Scholars were comprehensively retrieved for the eligible studies on the related topic from inception to March 2022. Odds ratios (ORs) were generated for dichotomous variants by meta-analysis in each model via STATA 17.0 MP. The statistical models comprised recessive model, over-dominant model, allele model, co-dominant model and dominant model. Subgroup analysis was performed to investigate the difference across races as well as the source of heterogeneity if necessary.ResultsEventually a total of 15 articles reporting 7779 patients were enrolled in our study. There were 2383 patients and 5396 controls, collectively. There was no correlation between gastric cancer and IL-10 819 in recessive model, co-dominant model or dominant model, and subgroup analysis showed that Asian, Latin American and Caucasian had no correlation with the risk of gastric cancer. In the allelic model, there was significant correlation between gastric cancer and IL-10 819 (OR = 3.96%, 95%CI: 3.28 to 3.78). In the over-dominant model, there is no correlation between gastric cancer and IL-10 819, but subgroup analysis uncovered significant vulnerability of Asian people with regard to gastric cancer.ConclusionsIn our study, both Asians, Latin Americans, and Europeans showed an increased risk of gastric cancer in the allelic model, whereas only Asians showed significant susceptibility in the super dominant model. Of course, more large cohort studies are needed to confirm our results.

Project description:BackgroundSeveral studies have been conducted quantifying the impact of schistosome infections on health and development in school-aged children. In contrast, relatively little is known about morbidity levels in preschool-aged children (≤ 5 years) who have been neglected in terms of schistosome research and control. The aim of this study was to compare the utility of available point-of-care (POC) morbidity diagnostic tools in preschool versus primary school-aged children (6-10 years) and determine markers which can be used in the field to identify and quantify Schistosoma haematobium-related morbidity.Methods/principal findingsA comparative cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the performance of currently available POC morbidity diagnostic tools on Zimbabwean children aged 1-5 years (n=104) and 6-10 years (n=194). Morbidity was determined using the POC diagnostics questionnaire-based reporting of haematuria and dysuria, clinical examination, urinalysis by dipsticks, and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR). Attributable fractions were used to quantify the proportion of morbidity attributable to S. haematobium infection. Based on results of attributable fractions, UACR was identified as the most reliable tool for detecting schistosome-related morbidity, followed by dipsticks, visual urine inspection, questionnaires, and lastly clinical examination. The results of urine dipstick attributes showed that proteinuria and microhaematuria accounted for most differences between schistosome egg-positive and negative children (T=-50.1; p<0.001). These observations were consistent in preschool vs. primary school-aged children.Conclusions/significancePreschool-aged children in endemic areas can be effectively screened for schistosome-related morbidity using the same currently available diagnostic tools applicable to older children. UACR for detecting albuminuria is recommended as the best choice for rapid assessment of morbidity attributed to S. haematobium infection in children in the field. The use of dipstick microhaematuria and proteinuria as additional indicators of schistosome-related morbidity would improve the estimation of disease burden in young children.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Bulinus species are freshwater snails that transmit the parasitic trematode Schistosoma haematobium. Despite their importance, the diversity of these intermediate host snails and their evolutionary history is still unclear in Zimbabwe. Bulinus globosus and B. truncatus collected from a urogenital schistosomiasis endemic region in the Madziwa area of Zimbabwe were characterized using molecular methods. METHODS:Malacological survey sites were mapped and snails were collected from water contact sites in four communities in the Madziwa area, Shamva district for a period of one year, at three-month intervals. Schistosoma haematobium infections in snails were determined by cercarial shedding and the partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene (cox1) was used to investigate the phylogeny and genetic variability of the Bulinus spp. collected. RESULTS:Among the 1570 Bulinus spp. snails collected, 30 (1.9%) B. globosus were shedding morphologically identified schistosomes. None of the B. truncatus snails were shedding. The mitochondrial cox1 data from 166 and 16 samples for B. globosus and B. truncatus, respectively, showed genetically diverse populations within the two species. Twelve cox1 haplotypes were found from the 166 B. globosus samples and three from the 16 B. truncatus samples with phylogenetic analysis showing that the haplotypes fall into well-supported clusters within their species groups. Both B. truncatus and B. globosus clustered into two distinct lineages. Overall, significant negative values for both Tajima's D statistic and the Fu's Fs statistic were observed for B. globosus and B. truncatus. CONCLUSIONS:The study provided new insights into the levels of genetic diversity within B. globosus and additional information on B. truncatus collected from a small geographical area in Zimbabwe. Low prevalence levels of infection observed in the snails may reflect the low transmission level of urogenital schistosomiasis in the area. Our results contribute towards the understanding of the distribution and population genetic structure of Bulinus spp. supporting the mapping of the transmission or risk of transmission of urogenital schistosomiasis, particularly in Zimbabwe.

Project description:The study explored the correlations of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) gene polymorphisms with susceptibility and the condition of primary nephrotic syndrome. A total of 200 patients with primary nephrotic syndrome in Qilu hospital were collected as disease group, and 200 healthy people were selected as control group. Genomic deoxyribonucleic acids (DNAs) of nucleated cells in the peripheral blood were extracted to detect the gene polymorphisms of TNF-α (rs1799724 and rs1800629) and IL-10 (rs1800872 and rs141219090). Allele distributions at rs1799724 (P=0.003) and rs1800629 (P=0.011) of TNF-α gene and at rs1800872 (P=0.033) of IL-10 gene in disease group were different from those in control group. In the disease group, allele C frequency at rs1799724 and allele A frequency at rs1800629 of TNF-α gene and allele T frequency at rs1800872 of IL-10 gene were higher. There were differences between rs1799724 (P=0.007) and rs1800629 (P=0.002) of TNF-α gene. In addition, there was a difference in the frequency of the dominant model of TNF-α gene rs1800629 between disease group and control group (P=0.035), and the frequency of dominant model GG+GA was remarkably lower in the disease group. Additionally, TT genotype at rs1799724 of TNF-α gene was obviously related to the plasma TNF-α level (P<0.05), and the plasma TNF-α level was significantly increased in disease group. AA genotype at rs141219090 of IL-10 gene had a notable correlation with the plasma IL-10 level (P<0.05), and the plasma IL-10 level in disease group was markedly raised. Additionally, CT genotype at rs1799724 of TNF-α gene was related to the 24-h urine protein level (P=0.035), GG genotype at rs1800872 of IL-10 gene was associated with the plasma albumin level (P=0.031), and GG genotype at rs141219090 was related to the serum creatinine level (P=0.047). TNF-α and IL-10 gene polymorphisms are predominantly correlated with the susceptibility and the condition of primary nephrotic syndrome.

Project description:Malaria, blood-borne filarial worms and intestinal parasites are all endemic in Gabon. This geographical co-distribution leads to polyparasitism and, consequently, the possibility of immune-mediated interactions among different parasite species. Intestinal protozoa and helminths could modulate antimalarial immunity, for example, thereby potentially increasing or reducing susceptibility to malaria. The aim of the study was to compare the cytokine levels and cytokine ratios according to parasitic profiles of the population to determine the potential role of co-endemic parasites in the malaria susceptibility of populations. Blood and stool samples were collected during cross-sectional surveys in five provinces of Gabon. Parasitological diagnosis was performed to detect plasmodial parasites, Loa loa, Mansonella perstans, intestinal helminths (STHs) and protozoan parasites. Nested PCR was used to detect submicroscopic plasmodial infection in individuals with negative blood smears. A cytometric bead array was used to quantify interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α in the plasma of subjects with different parasitological profiles. Median IL-6 and IL-10 levels and the median IL-10/TNF-α ratio were all significantly higher among individuals with Plasmodium (P.) falciparum infection than among other participants (p<0.0001). The median TNF-α level and IL-10/IL-6 ratio were higher in subjects with STHs (p = 0.09) and P. falciparum-intestinal protozoa co-infection (p = 0.04), respectively. IL-6 (r = -0.37; P<0.01) and IL-10 (r = -0.37; P<0.01) levels and the IL-10/TNF-α ratio (r = -0.36; P<0.01) correlated negatively with age. Among children under five years old, the IL-10/TNF-α and IL-10/IL-6 ratios were higher in those with intestinal protozoan infections than in uninfected children. The IL-10/TNF-α ratio was also higher in children aged 5-15 years and in adults harbouring blood-borne filariae than in their control counterparts, whereas the IL-10/IL-6 ratio was lower in those aged 5-15 years with filariae and intestinal parasites but higher in adults with intestinal parasitic infections. Asymptomatic malaria is associated with a strong polarization towards a regulatory immune response, presenting high circulating levels of IL-10. P. falciparum/intestinal protozoa co-infections were associated with an enhanced IL-10 response. Immunity against malaria could differ according to age and carriage of other parasites. Helminths and intestinal protozoa can play a role in the high susceptibility to malaria currently observed in some areas of Gabon, but further investigations are necessary.

Project description:BackgroundIn light of the shift to aiming for schistosomiasis elimination, the following are needed: data on reinfection patterns, participation, and sample submission adherence of all high-risk age groups to intervention strategies. This study was conducted to assess prevalence, reinfections along with consecutive participation, sample submission adherence, and effect of treatment on schistosomiasis prevalence in children aged five years and below in an endemic district in Zimbabwe, over one year.MethodsThe study was conducted from February 2016-February 2017 in Madziwa area, Shamva district. Following community mobilisation, mothers brought their children aged 5 years and below for recruitment at baseline and also urine sample collection at baseline, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months follow up surveys. At each time point, urine was tested for urogenital schistosomiasis by urine filtration and children found positive received treatment. Schistosoma haematobium prevalence, reinfections as well as children participation, and urine sample submission at each visit were assessed at each time point for one year.ResultsOf the 535 children recruited from the five communities, 169 (31.6%) participated consecutively at all survey points. The highest mean number of samples submitted was 2.9 among communities and survey points. S. haematobium prevalence significantly reduced from 13.3% at baseline to 2.8% at 12 months for all participants and from 24.9% at baseline to 1.8% at 12 months (P < 0.001) for participants coming at all- time points. Among the communities, the highest baseline prevalence was found in Chihuri for both the participants coming consecutively (38.5%, 10/26) and all participants (20.4%, 21/103). Reinfections were significantly high at 9 months follow up survey (P = 0.021) and in Mupfure (P = 0.003). New infections significantly decreased over time (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of acquiring schistosomiasis was high in some communities (P < 0.05).ConclusionsS. haematobium infections and reinfections are seasonal and depend on micro-geographical settings. The risk of being infected with schistosomes in pre-school aged children increases with increasing age. Sustained treatment of infected individuals in a community reduces prevalence overtime. Participation compliance at consecutive visits and sample submission adherence are important for effective operational control interventions.