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Origin of ammoniated phyllosilicates on dwarf planet Ceres and asteroids.

ABSTRACT: The surface mineralogy of dwarf planet Ceres is rich in ammonium (NH₄⁺) bearing phyllosilicates. However, the origin and formation mechanisms of ammoniated phyllosilicates on Ceres's surface are still elusive. Here we report on laboratory simulation experiments under astrophysical conditions mimicking Ceres' physical and chemical environments with the goal to better understand the source of ammoniated minerals on Ceres' surface. We observe that thermally driven proton exchange reactions between phyllosilicates and ammonia (NH₃) could trigger at low temperature leading to the genesis of ammoniated-minerals. Our study revealed the thermal (300 K) and radiation stability of ammoniated-phyllosilicates over a timescale of at least some 500 million years. The present experimental investigations corroborate the possibility that Ceres formed at a location where ammonia ices on the surface would have been stable. However, the possibility of Ceres' origin near to its current location by accreting ammonia-rich material cannot be excluded.

SUBMITTER: Singh SK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8113531 | biostudies-literature | 2021 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Origin of ammoniated phyllosilicates on dwarf planet Ceres and asteroids.

Singh Santosh K SK Bergantini Alexandre A Zhu Cheng C Ferrari Marco M De Sanctis Maria Cristina MC De Angelis Simone S Kaiser Ralf I RI

Nature communications 20210511 1

The surface mineralogy of dwarf planet Ceres is rich in ammonium (NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>) bearing phyllosilicates. However, the origin and formation mechanisms of ammoniated phyllosilicates on Ceres's surface are still elusive. Here we report on laboratory simulation experiments under astrophysical conditions mimicking Ceres' physical and chemical environments with the goal to better understand the source of ammoniated minerals on Ceres' surface. We observe that thermally driven proton excha ...[more]

PMID: 33976207

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Project description:BackgroundFamily Cetotheriidae sensu stricto and several closely related taxa comprise the Cetotherioidea and represent a lineage of Neogene baleen whales that includes the smallest edentulous baleen whales in Earth history. Most of known cetotheriids came from the Late Miocene to Quaternary, and the earliest records from the latest Middle Miocene. The Paratethys region shows a great diversity of Middle to Late Miocene cetotheriids. That includes nominative taxon of the family, Cetotherium rathkii, and this suggests that the earliest cetotheriids may have lived in that region.Materials and methodsHere, Ciuciulea davidi, a new genus and species from the Middle Miocene of southeastern Europe, is described as the chronologically earliest and earliest diverging member of Cetotheriidae. Also, a new specimen of Otradnocetus, a basal Cetotherioidea sensu Gol'din & Steeman, 2015 is identified from the Late Miocene deposits of Caucasus and compared with Otradnocetus virodovi from the Middle Miocene of the same region.Results and discussionCiuciulea davidi is a dwarf whale displaying primitive traits: posterior ends of facial bones forming a single transverse line, a narrow occipital shield, and a relatively long interparietal region. Meanwhile, it shares some cetotheriid apomorphies: posteriorly telescoped wedge-shaped facial bones and an ovoid tympanic bulla with shallow lateral and medial furrows, a short anterior lobe and a short sigmoid process. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that Parietobalaena and Otradnocetus are branches diverging before the clade Cetotheriidae + Neobalaenidae. This is confirmed by the stepwise evolution of the anatomy of the squamosal, mandible, and ear bones across these groups. The re-described juvenile specimen of Otradnocetus differs from O. virodovi in the more primitive anatomy of the mandible and the autapomorphic anatomy of the humerus. Records of the earliest cetotheriids and related taxa in the Paratethys support the idea that this could be the region where Cetotheriidae evolved before their worldwide dispersal and radiation.

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Origin of ammoniated phyllosilicates on dwarf planet Ceres and asteroids.

Publications

Origin of ammoniated phyllosilicates on dwarf planet Ceres and asteroids.

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