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Comparative and quantitative analysis of COVID-19 epidemic interventions in Chinese provinces.

ABSTRACT: A mathematical model was developed to evaluate and compare the effects and intensity of the coronavirus disease 2019 prevention and control measures in Chinese provinces. The time course of the disease with government intervention was described using a dynamic model. The estimated government intervention parameters and area difference between with and without intervention were considered as the intervention intensity and effect, respectively. The model of the disease time course without government intervention predicted that by April 30, 2020, about 3.08% of the population would have been diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 in China. Guangdong Province averted the most cases. Comprehensive intervention measures, in which social distancing measures may have played a greater role than isolation measures, resulted in reduced infection cases. Shanghai had the highest intervention intensity. In the context of the global coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, the prevention and control experience of some key areas in China (such as Shanghai and Guangdong) can provide references for outbreak control in many countries.

SUBMITTER: Liu H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8117536 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:In light of the novel coronavirus's (COVID-19's) threat to public health worldwide, we sought to elucidate COVID-19's impacts on the mental health of children and adolescents in China. Through online self-report questionnaires, we aimed to discover the psychological effects of the pandemic and its associated risk factors for developing mental health symptoms in young people. We disseminated a mental health survey through online social media, WeChat, and QQ in the five Chinese provinces with the most confirmed cases of COVID-19 during the late stage of the country-wide lockdown. We used a self-made questionnaire that queried children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 on demographic information, psychological status, and other lifestyle and COVID-related variables. A total of 17,740 children and adolescents with valid survey data participated in the study. 10,022 (56.5%), 11,611 (65.5%), 10,697 (60.3%), 6868 (38.7%), and 6225 (35.1%) participants presented, respectively, more depressive, anxious, compulsive, inattentive, and sleep-related problems compared to before the outbreak of COVID-19. High school students reported a greater change in depression and anxiety than did middle school and primary school students. Despite the fact that very few children (0.1%) or their family members (0.1%) contracted the virus in this study, the psychological impact of the pandemic was clearly profound. Fathers' anxiety appeared to have the strongest influence on a children's psychological symptoms, explaining about 33% of variation in the child's overall symptoms. Other factors only explained less than 2% of the variance in symptoms once parents' anxiety was accounted for. The spread of COVID-19 significantly influenced the psychological state of children and adolescents in participants' view. It is clear that children and adolescents, particularly older adolescents, need mental health support during the pandemic. The risk factors we uncovered suggest that reducing fathers' anxiety is particularly critical to addressing young people's mental health disorders in this time.

Project description:Purpose: The goals of this study are to compare NGS-derived transcriptome profiling (RNA-seq) of COVID-19 kidney to normal controls Methods/Results: Kidney mRNA profile of human COVID-19 tissue was generated by deep sequencing using Illumina Novaseq6000 Paired-end 150. After filtering reads mapped to contamination database, the reads that were uniquely aligned to the exon and splicing-junction segments with a maximal 2 mismatches for each transcript were then counted as expression level for corresponding transcript. Next, RNA-seq reads count data were downloaded from public resource GTEx project (https://www.gtexportal.org/home/datasets) and 12 normal kidney tissue samples were extracted as controls. The differential analysis by fold change difference was carried out to identify dysregulated genes at 1.5 fold change. The differential expressed genes were then subjected to Gene Ontology function and Pathway (KEGG, Ingenuity IPA, BIOCARTA, NABA, Panther, PID, REACTOME, Wiki-pathway) enrichment analysis by Fisher-exact test. Conclusions: RNA sequencing data revealed that biological processes from upregulated genes were enriched for cell cycle, chromosome segregation, response to wounding, humoral immune response, and blood coagulation, suggesting that cell injury/regeneration, inflammatory response, and endothelial injury were the major disease processes involved. The biological processes from downregulated genes were enriched for ion transport, metabolic processes, and oxidation, likely secondary to severe tubular cell injury. Pathway analysis from both up- and downregulated genes showed enrichment of transmembrane transport, oxidation, and blood coagulation consistent with the GO terms analysis. Upregulated genes were enriched only for the FOXM1 pathway, which was recently reported to promote tubular cell proliferation during injury repair. Additionally, genes related to the renin-angiotensin system were downregulated, but ACE2 expression did not differ from normal controls.

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Comparative and quantitative analysis of COVID-19 epidemic interventions in Chinese provinces.

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