Endovascular treatment of giant serpentine aneurysms.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: van Rooij WJ
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8119165 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Background and purposeThe purpose of this study was to report our experience with endovascular treatment of 14 patients with symptomatic intradural vertebral dissecting aneurysms.Materials and methodsBetween January 2000 and January 2006, 14 patients with symptomatic intradural dissecting vertebral aneurysms were treated. A total of 756 (568 ruptured, 188 unruptured) endovascular treated aneurysms (incidence, 1.9%) were treated during this period. There were 7 female and 7 male patients with a mean age of 48 years (age range, 10-64 years). Thirteen patients (93%) presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and 1 (7%) presented with acute symptoms of mass effect on the brain stem.ResultsTreatment consisted of coil occlusion of the dissected arterial segment including the aneurysm (internal coil trapping) in 13 of 14 patients and stent placement over the aneurysm as the only therapy in 1 patient. All aneurysms and occluded arterial segments remained occluded on follow-up imaging at 6 to 13 months, and none of the patients had infarctions in the medulla or territory of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery. Clinical outcome was excellent in 11 patients; 3 had cognitive impairment after SAH but were independent in daily activities. There were no episodes of recurrent hemorrhage.ConclusionIntradural vertebral dissecting aneurysms presenting with SAH should be treated promptly because of the high risk of recurrent hemorrhage. In our experience, trapping of the dissected segment with coils was straightforward, could be done in most patients, and was effective in preventing rebleeding. In our opinion, only in exceptional circumstances are more sophisticated techniques aimed at preservation of the parent artery necessary.
| S-EPMC8119076 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background: Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is the most common primary systemic vasculitis predominantly affecting large and medium sized vessels. In rare cases, the vasculitis can affect the vessels of the brain. Results: We describe four cases of GCA with involvement of the cerebral vessels causing stroke. These cases were unresponsive to aggressive immunosuppression and we opted to treat with endovascular balloon dilatation of the stenotic areas. The procedure was safe. The four patients were treated in nine sessions and a total of 16 vessels were treated. We observed two dissections with no clinical influence on the patients. Discussion: In patients with stroke due to progressive GCA that is non-responsive to immunosuppression, endovascular therapy is feasible.
| S-EPMC7177021 | biostudies-literature
Project description:INTRODUCTION: Because of its high complication rate, the endovascular treatment (EVT) of anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysms less than 3 mm in maximum diameter remains controversial. We evaluated EVT of tiny ruptured ACoA aneurysms with Guglielmi detachable coils (GDCs). METHODS: We treated 19 ruptured ACoA aneurysms with a maximum diameter of <or=3 mm with GDCs. The pretreatment Hunt and Hess score was grade 1 in four patients, grade 2 in six, grade 3 in six, and grade 4 in three. The patients were clinically assessed before and after treatment and with multiple angiographic follow-up studies. RESULTS: All EVTs were successful; there were no aneurysm perforations or any other treatment-related complications. In five patients older than 80 years the transfemoral approach was difficult, and the direct carotid approach was used. Complete and near-complete occlusion was achieved in 16 patients (84.2%) and 3 patients (15.8%), respectively. Of the 19 patients, 16 (84.2%) were followed angiographically for a median of 38.5 months (range 16-72 months). None demonstrated recanalization of the aneurysm requiring additional treatment. In 15 patients (78.9%) the final outcome was good (modified Rankin scale, mRS, score 0-2), and 3 patients (15.8%) died or suffered severe disability (mRS score 4-6). None of 18 patients who were followed clinically for a median of 39.5 months (range 17-84 months) experienced rebleeding. CONCLUSION: Even tiny ruptured ACoA aneurysms can be safely treated by EVT by expert neurointerventionalists using advanced techniques.
| S-EPMC2440929 | biostudies-other
Project description:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Serpentine aneurysms are partially thrombosed aneurysms with an eccentrically located tortuous intra-aneurysmal vascular channel. The large size, distinctive neck anatomy, and supply of the brain parenchyma by the outflow tract pose technical challenges in treatment. The aim of this study was to discuss the endovascular treatment results and illustrate the dynamic nature of serpentine aneurysms. Spontaneous transformation of saccular and fusiform aneurysms into serpentine morphology, along with a case of serpentine-into-fusiform aneurysm transformation during follow-up, is presented. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A retrospective analysis from 3 institutions revealed 15 patients with serpentine aneurysms who underwent diagnostic evaluation and endovascular treatment. Nine of the 15 patients underwent endovascular occlusion of the parent vessel with detachable balloon or coils. Six of the 15 patients underwent aneurysm and parent artery occlusion with coiling. RESULTS:In 11 patients, improvement or resolution of symptoms was achieved by an endovascular approach without any treatment-related morbidity. Morbidity related to treatment in the immediate postoperative period was seen in 3 patients, with resolution of the deficits at long-term follow-up in 2 patients and persistence of a mild deficit in 1 patient. Endovascular treatment failed to achieve resolution of symptoms in a case with a basilar tip aneurysm treated by aneurysm coiling. CONCLUSIONS:Serpentine aneurysms are dynamic structures with spontaneous transformation possible from a saccular or fusiform shape into a serpentine configuration. An endovascular approach by parent vessel occlusion or intra-aneurysmal occlusion is a successful treatment technique for serpentine aneurysms.
| S-EPMC7655298 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background and purposeIntraprocedural thrombus formation during endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms is often treated with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors and, in some instances, fibrinolytic therapy. We performed a meta-analysis evaluating the safety and efficacy of GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors compared with fibrinolysis. We also evaluated the safety and efficacy of abciximab, an irreversible inhibitor, compared with tirofiban and eptifibatide, reversible inhibitors of platelet function.Materials and methodsWe performed a comprehensive literature search for studies on rescue therapy for intraprocedural thromboembolic complications with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors or fibrinolysis during endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms. We studied rates of periprocedural stroke/hemorrhage, procedure-related morbidity and mortality, immediate arterial recanalization, and long-term good clinical outcome. Event rates were pooled across studies by using random-effects meta-analysis.ResultsTwenty-three studies with 516 patients were included. Patients receiving GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors had significantly lower perioperative morbidity from stroke/hemorrhage compared with those treated with fibrinolytics (11.0%; 95% CI, 7.0%-16.0% versus 29.0%; 95% CI, 13.0%-55.0%; P = .04) and were significantly less likely to have long-term morbidity (16.0%; 95% CI, 11.0%-21.0% versus 35.0%; 95% CI, 17.0%-58.0%; P = .04). There was a trend toward higher recanalization rates among patients treated with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors compared with those treated with fibrinolytics (72.0%; 95% CI, 64.0%-78.0% versus 50.0%; 95% CI, 28.0%-73.0%; P = .08). Patients receiving tirofiban or eptifibatide had significantly higher recanalization rates compared with those treated with abciximab (83.0%; 95% CI, 68.0%-91.0% versus 66.0%; 95% CI, 58.0%-74.0%; P = .05). No difference in recanalization was seen in patients receiving intra-arterial (77.0%; 95% CI, 66.0%-85.0%) or intravenous GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors (70.0%; 95% CI, 57.0%-80.0%, P = .36).ConclusionsRescue therapy with thrombolytic agents resulted in significantly more morbidity than rescue therapy with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors. Tirofiban/eptifibatide resulted in significantly higher recanalization rates compared with abciximab.
| S-EPMC7965919 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are rare congenital vascular anomalies where rupture can be fatal. This report describes a case of a 69-year-old woman who presented with sudden severe lower back pain radiating to her left buttock and thigh and an inability to move her left leg. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) showed an extensive ruptured retroperitoneal AVM on the left paravertebral side with active bleeding and a large hematoma. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation with considerable blood transfusion was required. The AVM was effectively treated with coil embolization of the feeding lumbar arteries. Shortly after the intervention, the patient developed abdominal compartment syndrome. Urgent laparotomy with evacuation of the retroperitoneal hematoma was required. The patient was discharged 16 days after admission in a good physical condition and has been free of symptoms for more than a year after intervention. However, follow-up CTA showed residual contrast enhancement in the AVM and further surveillance is required.
| S-EPMC7119147 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Visceral artery aneurysms are very rare and aneurysms of the celiac trunk are the rarest ones: they are in most cases asymptomatic and their detection is frequently incidental. In this article we report the case of a man affected by severe abdominal pain with a huge aneurysm of the celiac trunk, first successfully treated with coil embolization, but, after 10 months, another endovascular embolization was required for deployment of the metallic coils previously released, ahead into the fund of the sac with recanalization of the aneurysm. A second endovascular treatment was performed with other coils and Amplatzer-Plug. The high risk of rupture makes treatment of such aneurysms mandatory and surgery is still considered the gold standard therapy of VAA, but, due to its high morbidity and mortality risks, in the last years, it has been widely replaced by endovascular embolization. An effective endovascular embolization requires not only the complete filling of the aneurysmal sac, but also the complete vascular exclusion of its in-flow and out-flow tracts, to reduce the risk of its anterograde or retrograde reperfusion.
| S-EPMC6447743 | biostudies-literature
Project description:SummaryRoutine intensive care unit monitoring is common after elective embolization of unruptured intracranial aneurysms. In this series of 200 consecutive endovascular procedures for unruptured intracranial aneurysms, 65% of patients were triaged to routine (non-intensive care unit) floor care based on intraoperative findings, aneurysm morphology, and absence of major co-morbidities. Only 1 patient (0.5%) required subsequent transfer to the intensive care unit for management of a perioperative complication. The authors conclude that patients without major co-morbidities, intraoperative complications, or complex aneurysm morphology can be safely observed in a regular ward rather than being admitted to the intensive care unit.
| S-EPMC7964848 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundPreventing errors and complications in neurointervention is crucial, particularly in the treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs), where the natural history is generally benign, and the margin of treatment benefit small. We aimed to investigate how neurointerventionalists perceive the importance and frequency of errors and the resulting complications in endovascular UIA treatment, and which steps could be taken to prevent them.MethodsAn international multidisciplinary survey was conducted among neurointerventionalists. Participants provided their demographic characteristics and neurointerventional treatment volume. They were asked about their perceptions on the importance and frequency of different errors in endovascular UIA treatment, and which solutions they thought to be most effective in preventing these errors.ResultsTwo-hundred-thirty-three neurointerventionalists from 38 countries participated in the survey. Participants identified errors in technical execution as the most common source of complications in endovascular UIA treatment (40.4% thought these errors constituted a relatively or very large proportion of all complication sources), closely followed by errors in decision-making/indication (32.2%) and errors related to management of unexpected events (28.4%). Simulation training was thought to be most effective in reducing technical errors, while cognitive errors were believed to be best minimized by abandoning challenging procedures, more honest discussion of complications and better standardization of procedure steps.ConclusionNeurointerventionalists perceived both technical and cognitive errors to be important sources of complications in endovascular UIA treatment. Simulation training, a cultural change, higher acceptance of bail-out strategies and better standardization of procedures were perceived to be most effective in preventing these.
| S-EPMC7645194 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background and purposeEndovascular treatment of bifurcation middle cerebral artery aneurysms with a wide neck could be challenging, and many lesions are still treated by a surgical approach. The pCONus is a newly emerging device for wide-neck bifurcation intracranial aneurysms. To date, a single report on the treatment of intracranial aneurysms including all locations has been published. We report our experience with pCONus in the treatment of wide-neck MCA aneurysms.Materials and methodsMCA aneurysms treated with pCONus in 4 European centers were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsForty MCA aneurysms (mean dome size, 7.7 mm; mean neck size, 5.6 mm) were treated in 40 patients (mean age, 62 years). Aneurysm coiling was performed after deployment of 1 pCONus in 95% (38/40) of cases and after deployment of 2 pCONus devices in 5% (2/40). No procedural angiographic complications were observed. Reversible neurologic complications were noted in 5% (2/40), and permanent neurologic complication, in 2.5% (1/40) at 1 month. There was no mortality. No aneurysms bled or rebled after treatment. Immediate angiographic results were complete aneurysm occlusion in 25% (10/40), neck remnant in 47.5% (19/40), and aneurysm remnant in 27.5% (11/40). Follow-up (mean, 6.8 months) was available for 33 aneurysms (82.5%). Stable or improved results were observed in all except 3 cases, including 48.5% complete occlusions (16/33), 30.3% neck remnants (10/33), and 21.2% aneurysm remnants (7/33). There was no in-stent stenosis or jailed branch occlusion. There was no angiographic recurrence of initially totally occluded aneurysms.ConclusionsMCA aneurysms with a wide neck are amenable to treatment with pCONus.
| S-EPMC7968775 | biostudies-literature