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Visible colorimetric dosimetry of UV and ionizing radiations by a dual-module photochromic nanocluster.

ABSTRACT: Radiation dosimeters displaying conspicuous response of irradiance are highly desirable, owing to the growing demand of monitoring high-energy radiation and environmental exposure. Herein, we present a case of dosimetry based on a discrete nanocluster, [Th₆(OH)₄(O)₄(H₂O)₆](TPC)₈(HCOO)₄∙4DMF∙H₂O (Th-SINAP-100), by judiciously incorporating heavy Th₆ polynuclear centers as radiation attenuator and organic linkers as photo-responsive sensor. Interestingly, dual-module photochromic transitions upon multiple external stimuli including UV, β-ray, and γ-ray are integrated into this single material. The striking color change, and more significantly, the visible color transition of luminescence in response to accumulating radiation dose allow an on-site quantitative platform for naked-eye detection of ionization radiations over a broad range (1-80 kGy). Single crystal X-ray diffraction and density functional theory calculations reveal that the dual-module photochromism can be attributed to the π(TPC) → π*(TPC) intermolecular charge transfer driven by enhanced π-π stacking interaction between the adjacent TPC moieties upon irradiation.

SUBMITTER: Lu H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8121945 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:The use of high linear energy transfer (LET) ionizing radiation (IR) is progressively being incorporated in radiation therapy due to its precise dose localization and high relative biological effectiveness. At the same time, these benefits of particle radiation become a high risk for astronauts in the case of inevitable cosmic radiation exposure. Nonetheless, DNA Damage Response (DDR) activated via complex DNA damage in healthy tissue, occurring from such types of radiation, may be instrumental in the induction of various chronic and late effects. An approach to elucidating the possible underlying mechanisms is studying alterations in gene expression. To this end, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in high Z and high energy (HZE) particle-, γ-ray- and X-ray-exposed healthy human tissues, utilizing microarray data available in public repositories. Differential gene expression analysis (DGEA) was conducted using the R programming language. Consequently, four separate meta-analyses were conducted, after DEG lists were grouped depending on radiation type, radiation dose and time of collection post-irradiation. To highlight the biological background of each meta-analysis group, functional enrichment analysis and biological network construction were conducted. For HZE particle exposure at 8-24 h post-irradiation, the most interesting finding is the variety of DNA repair mechanisms that were downregulated, a fact that is probably correlated with complex DNA damage formation. Simultaneously, after X-ray exposure during the same hours after irradiation, DNA repair mechanisms continue to take place. Finally, in a further comparison of low- and high-LET radiation effects, the most prominent result is that autophagy mechanisms seem to persist and that adaptive immune induction seems to be present. Such bioinformatics approaches may aid in obtaining an overview of the cellular response to high-LET particles. Understanding these response mechanisms can consequently aid in the development of countermeasures for future space missions and ameliorate heavy ion treatments.

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Visible colorimetric dosimetry of UV and ionizing radiations by a dual-module photochromic nanocluster.

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