A feasibility study of a patient-centered educational strategy for rampant inhaler misuse among minority children with asthma.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Volerman A
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8126342 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Inhaled therapy is the cornerstone of asthma management in that it optimizes the delivery of the medication to the site of action. The effectiveness of inhaled therapy is affected by the correct choice of the device and proper inhalation technique. In fact, this influences the drug delivery and distribution along the bronchial tree, including the most peripheral airways. In this context, accumulating evidence supports the contribution of small airways in asthma, and these have become an important target of treatment. In reality, the "ideal inhaler" does not exist, and not all inhalers are the same. Advances in technology has highlighted these differences, and have led to the design of new devices and the development of formulations characterized by extrafine particles that facilitate the distribution and deposition of the drug particles along the respiratory tract. In addition, efforts have been made to implement adherence to chronic treatment, which translates into clinical benefit. Taken together, the optimal control of asthma depends on the drug that is selected, the device that is employed and the removal of factors that reduce patient's adherence to therapy.
| S-EPMC4415938 | biostudies-literature
Project description:With the current wealth of new inhalers available and insurance policy driven inhaler switching, the need for insights in optimal education on inhaler use is more evident than ever. We aimed to systematically review educational inhalation technique interventions, to assess their overall effectiveness, and identify main drivers of success. Medline, Embase and CINAHL databases were searched for randomised controlled trials on educational inhalation technique interventions. Inclusion eligibility, quality appraisal (Cochrane's risk of bias tool) and data extraction were performed by two independent reviewers. Regression analyses were performed to identify characteristics contributing to inhaler technique improvement. Thirty-seven of the 39 interventions included (95%) indicated statistically significant improvement of inhaler technique. However, average follow-up time was relatively short (5 months), 28% lacked clinical relevant endpoints and all lacked cost-effectiveness estimates. Poor initial technique, number of inhalation procedure steps, setting (outpatient clinics performing best), and time elapsed since intervention (all, p?<?0.05), were shown to have an impact on effectiveness of the intervention, explaining up to 91% of the effectiveness variation. Other factors, such as disease (asthma vs. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), education group size (individual vs. group training) and inhaler type (dry powder inhalers vs. pressurised metered dose inhalers) did not play a significant role. Notably, there was a trend (p?=?0.06) towards interventions in adults being more effective than those in children and the intervention effect seemed to wane over time. In conclusion, educational interventions to improve inhaler technique are effective on the short-term. Periodical intervention reinforcement and longer follow-up studies, including clinical relevant endpoints and cost-effectiveness, are recommended.
| S-EPMC5435089 | biostudies-other
Project description:BackgroundSmartphone and tablet apps that deliver health care education have been identified as effective in improving patient knowledge and treatment adherence in asthma populations. Despite asthma being the most common chronic disease in pediatrics, there are few apps that are targeted specifically for children. Only half of children with asthma have acceptable control of their symptoms, and 40%-98% do not use their inhalers correctly. With children being increasingly connected to technology, there is an opportunity to improve asthma inhaler technique education by delivery via smartphone or tablet apps. Augmented reality (AR) technology was used in this study to capitalize on growing technological innovations. Digital health interventions that use a co-design process for development have the highest likelihood of successful uptake and effectiveness on their intended outcomes. Perceived usability also has been shown to improve the effectiveness of education as well as the acceptance of the intervention.ObjectiveThe aims of this study were to describe the co-design process, development, and design outcomes of a smartphone or tablet app that incorporates AR technology to deliver asthma inhaler technique education to children with asthma. This study also aimed to provide a usability evaluation, using the System Usability Scale to inform our work and future research, and recommendations for others performing similar work.MethodsThe development of the AR asthma inhaler technique education app was based on an iterative co-design process with likely end users (children with asthma, their caregivers, and health care professionals). This involved multiple stages: recruitment of end users for qualitative interviews and usability testing with a previously designed educational intervention, which used an AR-embedded smartphone or tablet app; ideation of content for a specific asthma inhaler technique education intervention with end users; development of the specific asthma inhaler intervention; and 2 further rounds of interviews and usability testing with the redesign of the initial prototype.ResultsWe included 16 participants aged 9-45 years. Using the co-design process, the AR asthma inhaler technique education app was designed, incorporating the preferences of end users. After iteration 1, animation was included based on the feedback provided. Iteration 2 feedback resulted in increased AR experiences and the removal of the requirement of a paper-based resource to trigger AR in the third iteration. Throughout all rounds, the ease of use of the app and the novel nature of the intervention were frequently described. The usability of the intervention overall was perceived to be excellent, and the mean System Usability Scale score of the intervention was found to be highest in the final round of evaluation (90.14).ConclusionsThe results from this co-design process and usability evaluation will be used to develop a final AR asthma inhaler technique educational intervention, which will be evaluated in the clinical setting.International registered report identifier (irrid)RR2-10.1177/16094069211042229.
| S-EPMC10410536 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo learn how minority and underserved communities would set priorities for patient-centered outcomes research (PCOR).Data sourcesSixteen groups (n = 183) from minority and underserved communities in two states deliberated about PCOR priorities using the simulation exercise CHoosing All Together (CHAT). Most participants were minority, one-third reported income <$10,000, and one-fourth reported fair/poor health.DesignAcademic-community partnerships adapted CHAT for PCOR priority setting using existing research agendas and interviews with community leaders, clinicians, and key informants.Data collectionTablet-based CHAT collected demographic information, individual priorities before and after group deliberation, and groups' priorities.Principal findingsIndividuals and groups prioritized research on Quality of Life, Patient-Doctor, Access, Special Needs, and (by total resources spent) Compare Approaches. Those with less than a high school education were less likely to prioritize New Approaches, Patient-Doctor, Quality of Life, and Families/Caregivers. Blacks were less likely to prioritize research on Causes of Disease, New Approaches, and Compare Approaches than whites. Compare Approaches, Special Needs, Access, and Families/Caregivers were significantly more likely to be selected by individuals after compared to before deliberation.ConclusionsMembers of underserved communities, in informed deliberations, prioritized research on Quality of Life, Patient-Doctor, Special Needs, Access, and Compare Approaches.
| S-EPMC5346487 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundAlthough severe asthma can be life-threatening, many patients are unaware they have this condition.ObjectivesPatient Understanding Leading to Assessment for a Severe Asthma Referral (PULSAR) is a novel, multidisciplinary working group aiming to develop and disseminate a global, patient-centered description of severe asthma to improve patient understanding of severe asthma and effect a change in patient behavior whereby patients are encouraged to visit their healthcare professional, when appropriate.MethodsCurrent definitions from patient organization websites, asthma guidelines, and medication information for key asthma drugs were assessed and informed a multidisciplinary working group, convened to identify common concepts and terminology used to define severe asthma. A patient-centered description of severe asthma and patient checklist were drafted based on working-group discussions and reviewed by an external behavioral scientist for patient understanding and relevance. These were tested using an online US/Canadian survey.ResultsThe patient-centered description of severe asthma and patient checklist were reviewed and re-drafted by the authors. The text was simplified following the behavioral-scientist review. The survey (n?=?153) included 105 patients with severe asthma. Of those with severe asthma, 92.2% of patients reported that the description was consistent with their experiences of severe asthma and 92.6% of patients reported that the PULSAR initiative would encourage them to visit their healthcare provider.ConclusionA patient-centered description of severe asthma has been developed and tested using patients with severe asthma; this description will allow patients to assess whether they might have severe asthma and prompt them to visit their healthcare provider, if appropriate.
| S-EPMC6697753 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background: Asthma guidelines recommend considering patient preferences for inhaler choice. However, few studies have assessed the impact of patient satisfaction with an inhaler on adherence and health outcomes. Objective: To assess the impact of patient satisfaction with an inhaler on adherence and health outcomes in asthma. Methods: In a cross-sectional, observational, multicenter study, 778 patients with moderate or severe asthma and who were treated with maintenance inhalers completed a number of scales and questionnaires: the Feeling of Satisfaction with Inhaler (FSI-10) questionnaire, the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication, the Test of Adherence to Inhalers (TAI), the Morisky-Green questionnaire, and the Asthma Control Test (ACT). Results: The study population was categorized according to a median FSI-10 score as high (49.4%) and low (50.6%) satisfaction with their inhaler. Logistic regression analysis showed that high specific satisfaction with an inhaler was associated with the younger age group (odds ratio [OR] 0.976 [95% confidence interval {CI} 0.965-0.987]); male gender (OR 1.725 [95% CI 1.187-2.507]); controlled asthma: ACT score ? 20 (OR 1.664 [95% CI 1.133-2.445]); high general satisfaction with treatment (OR 4.861 [95% CI 3.335-7.085]); high adherence to inhaler: TAI score ? 46 (OR 1.546 [95% CI 1.025-2.332]); nonsevere asthma (OR 1.056 [95% CI 0.648-1.721]); and no trouble with inhaler use (OR 0.401 [95% CI 0.174-0.922]). Conclusion: High patient satisfaction with an inhaler, irrespective of received medication, was related to adherence and asthma control. Our results pointed out the relevance of inhaler choice in inhaled therapy; these results could be useful for designing new strategies targeted to increase adherence in patients with asthma.
| S-EPMC6212632 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Early detection is a valued strategy to decrease cancer mortality rates; however, new strategies are needed. Unintentional weight loss (UWL) is experienced by patients across the cancer spectrum, but often goes unnoticed. Patient-centered weight tracking may be a useful early detection marker. Fifty patients were enrolled in a prospective patient-centered weight tracking trial. Patients received a scale and monetary compensation to participate. A reminder to measure and record weight was texted to participants for 26 consecutive weeks. Most patients were black (86.0%) and female (68.0%). The median age was 47 years (range: 22-84 years). Many participants had Medicaid (42.0%) and the median household income by home zip code was $31,046. After 26 weeks, 90% of patients had recorded at least one weight. Among all patients, 73.7% of all possible weights were recorded and the median response rate per patient was 92.3% (24 of 26 weights). There was no difference in the response rates during the first and second halves of the study (77.7% vs. 69.7%, P = 0.53). The range of weight change over the study period was 16.1% loss to 25.0% gain, with 56% of patients maintaining stable weight. Seven patients (14.0%) lost more than 5% weight and 11 patients (22.0%) gained over 5%. Of the seven patients with weight loss, two (4.0% of the cohort) were determined to have UWL. Patient-centered weight tracking is feasible and inexpensive, and has potential as an early detector of UWL. Further studies are needed to apply this strategy to detect underlying malignancies.
| S-EPMC7523038 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionDespite available and effective tools for asthma self-assessment (Asthma Control Test, ACT) and self-management (Asthma Action Plan, AAP), they are underutilized in outpatient specialty clinics. We evaluated the impact of a patient-centered checklist, the Asthma Passport, on improving ACT and AAP utilization in clinic.MethodsThis was a randomized, interventional quality-improvement project in which the Asthma Passport was distributed to 120 pediatric asthma patients over the duration of 16 weeks. The passport's checklist consisted of tasks to be completed by the patient/family, including completion of the ACT and AAP. We compared rates of completion of the ACT and AAP for those who received the passport versus the control group, and assessed patient/caregiver and provider satisfaction.ResultsBased on electronic medical record data from 222 participants, the ACT completion rate was not significantly different between the passport and control groups, however, the AAP completion rate was significantly greater than control (30.0% vs. 17.7%, p = 0.04). When per-protocol analysis was limited to groups who completed and returned their passports, ACT and AAP completion rates were significantly greater than control (73.8% vs. 44.1% (p = 0.002) and 35.7% vs. 17.7% (p = 0.04), respectively). Nearly all participants reported high satisfaction with care, and surveyed providers viewed the passport favorably.ConclusionsA patient-centered checklist significantly improved the completion rate of the AAP. For patient's who completed and returned the asthma passport, the ACT completion rate was also improved. Participants and providers reported high satisfaction with the checklist, suggesting that it can effectively promote asthma self-management and self-assessment without burdening clinicians or clinic workflow.
| S-EPMC5848067 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeTo test the feasibility of a novel self-management support intervention for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).MethodsWe conducted a feasibility randomized controlled trial involving patients ≥40 years with severe or very severe COPD in New York, New York (n=59). Community health workers screened patients and addressed barriers to COPD self-management. Patients were also offered home-based pulmonary rehabilitation (HBPR) and an antibiotic and steroid rescue pack. Control patients received general COPD education. Clinical outcomes for intervention and control were compared by difference-in-differences (DiD) at baseline and 6 months. The study was not powered for statistically significant differences for any measure. Feasibility measures were collected at 6 months.ResultsThere were high rates of completion of intervention activities, including 75% of patients undergoing evaluation for and participating in HBPR. Most (92%) intervention patients said the program was very or extremely helpful and 96% said they would participate again. Clinical outcomes generally favored the intervention: COPD assessment test, DiD -1.1 (95% confidence interval [CI] -5.9 to 3.6); 6-minute walk test distance, DiD 7.4 meters (95% CI -45.1 to 59.8); self-reported hospitalizations, DiD -9.8% (95% CI -42.3% to 22.8%); medication adherence, DiD 7.7% (-29.6%, 45.0%), and Physical Activity Adult Questionnaire, DiD 86 (95% CI -283 to 455). Intervention patients reported more emergency department visits, DiD 10.6% (95% CI 17.7% to 38.8%).ConclusionsA highly patient-centered, self-management support intervention for people with COPD was well received by patients and associated with potential improvements in clinical and self-management outcomes. A fully powered study of the intervention is warranted.
| S-EPMC10913921 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundImportant knowledge gaps have been identified related to the causes and symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and medical treatments and their side effects. Patients with IBD turn to social media to learn more about their disease. However, such information found on the web is misleading and often of low quality.ObjectiveThis study aims to gain an in-depth understanding of the unmet educational needs of patients with IBD and to use the resulting insights to develop a collection of freely available, evidence-based educational videos optimized for dissemination through social media.MethodsWe used design thinking, a human-centered approach, to guide our qualitative research methodology. We performed focus groups and interviews with a diverse sample of 29 patients with IBD. Data collection was performed in 3 phases (inspiration, ideation, and implementation) based on IDEO design thinking. Phase 1 offered insights into the needs of patients with IBD, whereas phases 2 and 3 involved ideation, prototyping, and video testing. A thematic analysis was performed to analyze the resulting data.ResultsPatients emphasized the need for educational videos that address their challenges, needs, and expectations. From the data analysis, 5 video topics and their content emerged: IBD treatments' risks and benefits; how to be a self-advocate; how to stay healthy with IBD; how to cope with IBD; and educating families, friends, and colleagues about experiences of patients with IBD.ConclusionsDesign thinking offers a deep understanding and recognition of the unmet educational needs of patients with IBD; this approach informed the development of 5 evidence-based educational videos. Future research will formally test and disseminate these freely available videos through social media.
| S-EPMC7609199 | biostudies-literature